共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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电磁超声表面波被广泛用来检测表面或近表面缺陷。双向表面波电磁超声换能器(ElectromagneticAcoustic Transducer, EMAT)会在两侧同时产生能量较低且均衡的超声波,而微小缺陷(缺陷深度远小于表面波波长)的反射信号非常微弱,易被噪声淹没,根据回波信号,难以识别和定位缺陷。为此基于惠更斯叠加原理设计了单向表面波EMAT,对其声场进行了有限元分析;研究了增强侧表面波遇到不同缺陷的响应特性,得出缺陷深度、角度与反射波幅值的关系;并对含不同微小缺陷的铝板进行了实验研究。仿真和实验结果表明,所提方法提高了表面波检测微小缺陷的灵敏度,并实现了缺陷位置及深度的量化。 相似文献
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Y型过滤器焊缝布置复杂,探伤实现困难。本文利用HS600数字式超声波探伤仪分别实现了各焊缝的超声波检测,方法简单可行。 相似文献
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电磁超声换能器的非接触、信号重复性好等特点使得其在高温自动检测、材料特性测量等领域有着广泛的应用前景。利用电磁超声技术激发表面波更是行之有效的方法,论文着重于理论分析,对表面波电磁声换能器的物理结构、电声学特性作了较为全面和深入的研究,并用等效电路模型探讨了阻抗匹配的方法。结果表明,电磁声换能器为感性负载,不同于压电器件的容性负载特性,因此对换能器的设计和优化也有着独自的特性;随着提离距离的增大,相应的换能效率也将急剧下降;阻抗匹配对于提高信号的输出强度,抑制谐波分量有着重要的作用,而采用电容并联匹配相比串联匹配,能够提供更高的转换效率。 相似文献
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《中国新技术新产品》2016,(10)
随着我国社会的发展和进步,当前我国的科学技术也取得了较好的发展,超声探伤技术在各个领域的无损检测中都有着较为广泛的应用,如建筑、机车、医疗、锅炉等领域,本文主要分析了超声探伤技术在无损检测中的具体应用。 相似文献
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轮箍是铁路机车运行的重要部件,在制造和使用过程中出现的各种危害性缺陷会严重威胁到列车的行驶安全.用超声无损检测缺陷,回波的识别易受轮箍标记、闸瓦、轮轨接触点及表面波等多种因素的干扰.在超声横波探伤基础上,可将模糊模式识别应用到机车轮箍的无损检测中.以内燃机车轮箍为实验检测对象,使用了多个标准人工伤模拟轮箍自然缺陷.通过提取缺陷回波频域相关特征建立典型缺陷的模糊子集,并运用基于贴近度的择近原则对未知缺陷进行分类识别.实验结果证明了该方法有效.对同一缺陷重复检测的正确识别率达92.5%. 相似文献
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Acoustic critical angle measurements usually involve broad beam or global isonification of a water-solid interface. In order to obtain local interface data, it is convenient to use a focused acoustic source with lens axis at incident angle and point-receiver at specular reflection angle . By scanning this combination at various critical angles (=crit), interface waves are generated locally near the lens focus. These waves penetrate the solid to a depth of approximately one shear wavelength
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and are modulated by discontinuities such as flaws, inclusions, and debonds that may be present there. A radiated longitudinal wave in water accompanies these modulated interface waves and carries information on subsurface flaws to the point-detector along the direction of a specularly reflected wave. By scanning the focus-receiver combination along the interface, the receiver output may be used to form images of local subsurface detail. We show that in anisotropic materials, such as crystals, there are generally two different crit where a radiating interface wave provides subsurface information. We also discuss special problems associated with the use of a focused acoustic source including nonlinear effects (generation of harmonics) in the water. 相似文献
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The error in measuring the distance to a defect, due to white noise, is estimated. Distortions of the signal spectrum due
to frequency-dependent attenuation of ultrasound and the nonuniformity of the frequency characteristics of the converters
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Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 64–66, November, 2008. 相似文献
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为解决连铸坯壳厚度在线检测问题,提出采用电磁超声横波反射法检测连铸坯壳厚度。对电磁超声横波换能器的激发和接收过程进行模拟仿真,分析横波在连铸坯中的传播情况,获得横波在连铸钢坯内同液两相区分界面处的反射回波。以坯壳厚度为10-50mm的Q460连铸小方坯为研究对象,通过有限元仿真软件COMSOL,仿真得出温度在800-1300℃范围内时横波速度随温度的变化曲线。根据被测对象内部的温度场分布,得出坯壳内平均声速。利用回波时间与平均声速计算坯壳厚度。实验证明,上述方法可用于测量连铸坯壳厚度,当声时测量误差在1~2μs时,厚度测量误差为2~5min。 相似文献
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P. A. Doyle 《Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation》1989,8(3):147-164
A method is developed to calculate ultrasonic surface waveforms generated by an extended laser source, operating in the thermoelastic regime of laser-pulse energy density. This approach integrates over a suitably weighted distribution of point surface centers of expansion, for observation to within 1 mm of the edge of the source. Power spectra as well as both horizontal and vertical displacements are presented and discussed for ultrasonic waveforms on an aluminium surface, for incident laser pulses having Gaussian lateral profiles of various sizes. Far from the source, the waveform is dominated by a dipolar Rayleigh (R) wave, whose amplitude and spectral content depend on laser spot size. Weak, monopolar pulses also occur at the intersection of bulk pressure and shear wavefronts with the surface (denoted assP andsS, respectively). Close to the source, thesP wave amplitude approaches that for theR wave, and overlaps theR wave for large source sizes. The fall-off with distance for bothsP andR waves is given. Finally, the changes in pulse shape and amplitude are calculated when anR wave from an extended thermoelastic source is reflected or transmitted by a right-angled corner of an aluminium block. 相似文献
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在特定工况下会出现无法将超声换能器放置在杆状构件底面完成常规检测的问题,如服役桥梁的平行钢丝构件、装配式建筑中灌浆套筒内的插入钢筋。为了提高超声导波技术的适用性,提出了将频率为50 kHz的自发自收式干耦合横波超声换能器置于杆状钢丝侧面进行长度检测及缺陷定位的方法。结合理论分析、仿真模拟和试验验证开展研究,结果表明:干耦合横波超声换能器的最优激发角度为90°,即激发方向垂直钢丝轴向;对于不同长度和不同缺陷位置的钢丝,长度检测和缺陷定位的仿真及试验结果的预测相对误差均小于2%。 相似文献
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采用Disperse软件,计算了3 mm厚度铝合金薄板的水平剪切(Shear horizontal, SH)导波频散曲线,设计制作了中心频率为0.22 MHz的SH导波电磁超声换能器(Electromagnetic acoustic transducer, EMAT),对铝薄板试样中直裂纹进行了B扫成像检测实验分析,采用同步挤压小波变换(Synchrosqueezedwavelettransform,SWT)对来自铝薄板试样中直裂纹SH导波信号进行了去噪处理。实验结果表明,SWT可以去除原始导波信号中的噪声,并实现导波模态分离,有助于改善B扫图像的质量。所设计的SH导波EMAT能够有效地检出3 mm厚铝薄板试样中10 mm长、1 mm宽、2 mm深的人工直裂纹。 相似文献