硝基清漆涂饰方法

硝基清漆是将硝化纤维素、树脂和增塑剂溶于挥发性有机溶剂和稀释剂中制成的,是一种透明粘稠液体,带有溶剂的气味。这种清漆是一种装饰性能比较好的涂料,在装饰工程中常采用刷涂、擦涂的施工方法,也     

木材用水性膨胀饰面型防火涂料阻燃及烟气特性

选用花旗松作为试验用木材,利用锥形量热仪、热重分析仪和冷场发射扫描电子显微镜研究木材用水性膨胀型饰面型防火涂料对木材的阻燃性能和烟气特性的影响。样品分为木材样块、木材表面刷涂饰面型防火涂料样块、木材表面刷涂清漆样块和木材表面刷涂饰面型防火涂料后再刷涂清漆样块。结果表明:水性膨胀型饰面型防火涂料在50kW/m2的辐照强度下会生成致密的膨胀炭层将木材与热源和氧气等助燃气体隔离,有效提高基材的阻燃性能。但饰面型防火涂料和清漆的刷涂会提高材料的烟气生成量,增大木材的烟气危害。     

水性聚氨酯／水泥／碳黑导电涂层的研究

将水性聚氨酯、导电碳黑和石墨、水泥粉体和其他助剂共混,研制开发了一种复合导电涂层材料。实验结果表明,该涂料的体积电阻率达到10^3Ω·cm,除了具有一定的导电性能以外,也具有良好的机械性能。介绍了材料的配制和性能,讨论了导电填料的含量与涂料导电性能之间的影响及水泥固体粉体含量与涂料机械性能的关系。     

新型无机发光瓷砖

国外发明了一种新型无机发光瓷砖,它是在瓷砖表面涂以底层、着色层和表层面制得.底层配料是清漆、稀释剂和硬化剂;间层配料是蓄光颜料或荧光颜料、清漆、分散剂和硬化剂;表层配料是清漆、稀释剂和硬化剂.清漆最好使用     

专利汇编

一种水性环氧地坪涂料及其制作方法与施工工艺(CN1597812)本发明一种水性环氧地坪涂料及其制作方法与施工工艺涉及水性涂料的研制技术及施工工艺,特别是一种双组分水性环氧地坪涂料的配方技术及其施工工艺。该涂料甲组分为低分子量的液态环氧树脂并配以适当比例的活性稀释剂,乙组分是亲水性固化剂为主的分散体,包含水性固化剂、水、耐酸碱耐磨的颜填料、各类助剂等。其生产方法简单,主要为机械分散与混合;该涂料应用在潮湿基面时不用清漆罩面:漆膜除具有油性产品优异的性能外,且具单向透气性,解决了油性产品遇到的由于基层水汽渗透压产     

国外科技动态

紫外线固化涂料紫外线固化涂料是目前国际市场上发展最快的一种新型材料。众所周知,有机涂料分为三种基本涂敷薄层:(1)真漆——通过一种挥发性成分的蒸发而干燥:(2)清漆—通过氧化/聚合反     

装饰性一体化膨胀型防火涂料清漆

本文介绍一种新型的一体化膨胀型的防火涂料清漆,它由两个组分构成,一个是可酸固化的氨基树脂,另一个是酸性的磷酸酯,由磷酸与一种或几种多元醇缩聚而成。固化后形成的交联分子中同时含有成炭催化剂、成炭剂和发泡剂的分子链段。因而它是单相体系,能在不添加任何其他组分的情况下成为膨胀型的防火涂料,形成高度透明的涂层,并具有优于传统膨胀型防火涂料的防火性能。     

涂料变色怎么办

<正>刚刚把门重新滚刷,却发现新刷的门颜色变深了,这是什么原因,会不会是涂料变颜色了呢?其实,我们说涂料变色不准确,准确地说是涂料中的清漆变了颜色。清漆原本没有颜色或是呈现极浅淡的黄色,变色后就变成了棕黄或黑色。那我们来看看究竟是什么原因让涂料最后变了颜色。(1)如果把清漆存放在铁质容器中,存在于清漆中的酯类溶剂遇水与铁器发     

复相导电混凝土的研究

探讨了导电混凝土在28d龄期内电阻的变化，分析了交流电和万用电表测试电阻的差别，研究了电阻随交流电压变化而变化的情况，比较了石墨导电混凝土和石墨、钢纤维复相导电混凝土28d抗压强度和导电性上的差别；并对比了石墨、钢纤维复相导电混凝土块在不同交流电压下的升温效果。     

高压脉冲电场作用下碳黑改性涂料的杀菌性能及电化学行为

针对环氧清漆涂料导电性差,高压脉冲电场杀菌防污效果差的问题,提出掺杂碳黑制成碳黑导电复合涂料的方法。通过抗菌实验研究了高压脉冲电场下碳黑改性涂料的杀菌性能、介电损耗性能和防腐、防污性能,利用宽频介电阻抗谱仪测试掺杂碳黑涂料的介电损耗,通过电化学测试研究海水中涂层的腐蚀行为。结果表明:在高压脉冲电场下,碳黑复合涂层的杀菌效果优于环氧树脂清漆涂料,其灭菌率高达98%以上;碳黑掺杂涂层的介电损耗均低于未掺杂的涂层样品,碳黑掺杂量在0.5%时介电损耗最低,电能损失较小;碳黑掺杂量为0.5%时,环氧树脂涂层的电阻相比于环氧树脂清漆未有显著变化,但随着掺杂碳黑量的增加,涂层的抗介质渗透能力越来越低,涂层抗腐蚀性能下降。因此,掺杂碳黑质量分数低于0.5%时获得的碳黑改性复合涂料达到杀菌率较高、涂层本身防护性能较好、介电损耗较低的优良性能。     

Long-term Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Waterborne Paints – Methods of Comparison

The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from five different waterborne paints was measured in small climatic chambers under standard conditions over a one-year period. The aims of the study were to evaluate the time emission profiles and to develop methods for comparison of different paints. The paints were applied to tin-plated steel sheets. VOCs were sampled on Tenax TA and analysed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography. The chamber concentrations increased rapidly during the first few hours and then decreased as the emission rates dropped. A model expression including an exponentially decreasing emission rate of the paint film, the air exchange rate, and a normalization of the film thickness was fitted to the concentration versus time data. The time required to reach a given emission rate was estimated and found suitable for comparison of the emission of VOCs from the paints. It was found that data sampled within three weeks or less may be sufficient to predict the emission of VOCs up to one year. Reduction of long-term emissions may be achieved most efficiently by (1) substituting a more -volatile VOC whose emission is controlled by evaporation for a less volatile VOC characterized by diffusion-controlled emission and (2) reducing the paint film thickness rather than reducing the initial VOC content of the paint.     

Exposure and Emission Evaluations of Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime (MEKO) in Alkyd Paints

Abstract Small environmental chamber tests were conducted to characterize the emissions of a toxic chemical compound – methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO) – from three different alkyd paints. It was found that MEKO emissions occurred almost immediately after each alkyd paint was applied to a pine board. Due to the fast emission pattern, more than 90% of the MEKO emitted was released within 10 hours after painting. The peak concentrations of MEKO in chamber air correlated well with the MEKO content in the paint. Material balance showed that good recovery (more than 68%) was achieved between the MEKO applied with the paint and the MEKO emitted. The chamber data were simulated by a first order decay emission model assuming the MEKO emissions were mostly gas-phase mass transfer controlled. The model was used to predict indoor MEKO concentrations during and after painting in a test house. It was found that the predicted test house MEKO concentrations during and after the painting exceeded a suggested indoor exposure limit of 0.1 mg/m³ for all three paints. The predicted MEKO concentrations exceeded even the lower limit of a suggested sensory irritation range of 4 to 18 mg/m3 with two of the three paints tested. The model was also used to evaluate and demonstrate the effectiveness of risk reduction options including selection of lower MEKO paints and higher ventilation during painting.     

Evaluation of low-VOC latex paints

Four commercially available low-volatile organic compound (VOC) latex paints were evaluated as substitutes for conventional latex paints by assessing both their emission characteristics and their performance as coatings. Bulk analysis indicated that the VOC contents of all four paints tested were considerably lower than those of conventional latex paints. Low VOC emissions were confirmed by small chamber emission tests. However, significant emissions of several aldehydes, especially formaldehyde which is a hazardous air pollutant, were detected in emissions from two of the four paints. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods were used to evaluate the hiding power, scrub resistance, washability, dry to touch and yellowness index. The results indicated that one of the four low-VOC paints tested showed performance equivalent or superior to that of a conventional latex paint used as control. It was concluded that low-VOC latex paint can be a viable option to replace conventional latex paints for prevention of indoor air pollution. However, paints marketed as "low-VOC" may still have significant emissions of some individual VOCs, and some may not have performance characteristics matching those of conventional latex paints.     

Lead content in household paints in India

Lead and its compounds are used in paints not only to impart colour but also to make it durable, corrosion resistant and to improve drying. Adverse health impacts of lead especially on children have led countries to restrict or ban its use in paints. While U.S. and other developed countries instituted measures to limit the use of lead in paints, some developing countries including India have failed to regulate their lead content. The present study was undertaken to determine the levels of lead in new latex (water-based) and enamel paints (oil-based) intended for residential use in India. A total of 69 paint samples (38 latex and 31 enamel samples) from six of the most popular brands were analysed for lead concentrations. While all latex paint samples contained low levels of lead, (i.e., well below 600 ppm as regulated by United States' Consumer Products Safety Commission) the enamel paint samples of all but one brand contained significant concentrations of lead, ranging up to 140,000 ppm. In fact 84% of the enamel paints tested exceeded 600 ppm whereas only 38 % of all samples (including latex and enamel types) exceeded this regulatory level.     

Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds of Microbial Origin (MVOC) during Indoor Application of Water-based Paints

The market for water-based paints (WBP) is growing, and these paints are favoured due to their low emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC). Because of the risk for microbial growth, biocides are usually added to WBP. Our study aimed to measure exposure to VOCs potentially of microbial origin (MVOC), during indoor application of typical Scandinavian WBP. Low concentrations of three MVOCs, 3-methyl-furan, 1-octen-3-ol, and 2-octen-1-ol, were detected during 5 out of 20 painting operations (25%). Mean exposures to MVOC and TVOC were 0.15 and 5000 μg/m³, respectively. No relation between MVOC and TVOC was observed. The highest exposure to MVOC was measured from an ecological paint, claimed to be low in VOCs and chemical additives. The results suggest that microbial growth in WBP may occur, and that measurements of MVOCs could be used as a means of quality control for WBP. The use of biocides in paint should be guided by the principle of a balance between the risk of contact allergies or other possible health hazards from the biocides, and the risk of microbial growth. If microbial growth occurs in paint, it may cause both unpleasant odor and potential health hazards for house painters and dwellers.     

Volatile organic compound emissions from latex paint--Part 1. Chamber experiments and source model development

Latex paints are widely used in residential and commercial indoor environments. The surface areas covered by the paints in these environments are relatively large. Thus, latex paints have the potential for having a major impact on indoor air quality (IAQ). A study was undertaken to develop methods for evaluating the impact of latex paint emission on IAQ. Small chamber experiments using stainless steel and painted and unpainted gypsum board substrates were conducted to determine the emission characteristics of latex paint. The emissions from the stainless steel were relatively short lived (3 to 4 days), whereas the emissions from gypsum board lasted for over 200 days. Because gypsum board is a common substrate for latex paint, all emission models were developed for the gypsum board substrates. The data from the small chamber tests led to the development of two empirical and two mass-transfer-based source emission models. Approximately 100 to 200 days of data were required to estimate the parameters required for the empirical models. Only 8 days of data were required to estimate the parameters for the mass-transfer-based models. The final models use paint formulation and mass transfer correlations to predict the emissions of the major individual volatile organic compounds emitted by latex paint.     

乳液涂料中表面活性剂的研究进展

本文综述了近年来国内外有关聚合物乳液以及乳液涂料中表面活性剂（主要是乳化剂）的研究与发展动向，论述了乳化剂在聚合物乳液和乳液型涂料体系中的作用、表面活性剂在涂料组分中的竞争吸附现象，介绍了新型反应性表面活性剂的开发和应用。     

混凝土涂料对混凝土碳化性能影响的研究

通过对混凝土表层进行涂刷不同涂料,研究了混凝土碳化深度随涂料种类,涂层厚度变化而变化的规律．总结出了当前市场上经常使用的混凝土涂料对混凝土抗碳化性能的影响。     

Lead content of dried films of domestic paints currently sold in Nigeria

Children are at higher risk from lead exposure because their developing neural system is susceptible to its neurotoxic effects. We studied lead levels of paints manufactured in Nigeria in 2006. Lead levels in 5 colors of paints, each from different manufacturers were measured using flame-atomic absorption spectroscopy. We found that 96% of the paints had higher than recommended levels of lead. The mean lead level of paints ranged from 84.8 to 50,000 ppm, with mean of 14,500 ppm and median of 15,800 ppm. The main determinant of lead levels was color of the paint. As lead levels in paint sold in the past years in Nigeria are likely to be at least as high as that currently sold, it is likely that many existing houses contain dangerously high levels of lead. Efforts need to be undertaken to assess the presence of high lead levels in existing housing and if detected, intervention programs for eliminating risk of exposure should be developed in addition to measures to increase awareness and enforce regulations leading to the elimination of lead based domestic paint.