SiCp/Al复合材料磨削力实验分析

在高精密平面磨床上,使用金刚石砂轮磨削SiCp/Al复合材料,通过PCI-1712高速数据采集卡采集实验数据.在Matlab软件里,通过对不同磨削参数下的信号进行时域和小波分析,得出在砂轮速度一定时,进给速度对磨削力和磨削力比的影响最大,磨削深度次之,实验结果表明:随着进给速度和磨削深度的增大、磨削力增大,磨削力比减小。     

转子磨床CNC砂轮修整器的砂轮初始修形方法研究

采用CNC砂轮修整器使复杂螺旋面工件的精密磨削成为可能,利用CNC砂轮修整器对新砂轮进行初始修形是砂轮修整的关键步骤.提出了3种砂轮的初始修形方法,对比了各自的优缺点,为CNC砂轮修整器的初始设计提供了理论基础,为用户实际加工提供了操作依据.     

Mechanical properties of new vitrified bonds for cBN grinding wheel

In this study, three ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 frit compositions with low softening point were investigated in order to lower the firing temperature of cBN-based vitrified bonded wheel. It was tried to develop a new composition of vitrified bond with lower firing temperature and compatible mechanical properties compared with conventional bond by evaluating the mechanical properties of each frit composition. Suggested bonds have softening points of 500°C to 520°C and bending strengths of 60 to 90% compared to the conventional bond. The maintenance of bending strength of bond composition even with less network former is attributed to the growth of Gahnite, which has submicron size and relatively large thermal expansion coefficient. On the other side, Willemite (ZnO·SiO2) with large crystalline size and low thermal expansion resulted in the deterioration of bending strength. The Rockwell hardness used as common measure of bonding of grinding wheel showed no statistically significant difference among frit compositions in the results.     

电主轴砂轮更换装置的创新设计

从分析现有大型砂轮机构装卸实际情况入手,简单介绍了电主轴的结构,重点论述了电主轴砂轮机构自动更换砂轮的实施过程.     

螺纹磨床CNC砂轮修整器设计与修型方法研究

CNC砂轮修型的初始修型是砂轮修整的关键,本文以SK7450螺纹磨床CNC砂轮修整器为例,分析并介绍一种新的砂轮修型方法。该方法操作简便,适应面广。     

数控凸轮磨床磨削力的模糊适应控制研究

以数控凸轮磨床的磨削过程为研究对象,建立了凸轮磨削过程的磨削力数学模型,研究了磨削力的间接检测和控制方法,并在此基础上提出一种基于模糊策略的适应控制方法对凸轮磨削过程的磨削力给予控制,采用MATALAB进行了控制器的设计和磨削加工的仿真验证,结果表明该方法能有效地解决凸轮磨削过程中的磨削力的波动问题,控制器具有良好的动态特性,实现了磨削过程中的最优金属切除率的目的,提高了凸轮磨削的表面质量。     

Kinematic simulation of the uncut chip thickness and surface finish using a reduced set of 3D grinding wheel measurements

This paper combined experimentally-measured grinding wheel topography data taken around the entire circumference of the grinding wheel with a kinematic simulation of the grinding process. Several new methods were developed in order to create the resulting high-fidelity and computationally-efficient simulation. First a novel peak-removal technique was developed and applied to effectively remove erroneous peaks in the raw wheel topography data. Next a method was found to determine only the active cutting points on the wheel model by considering the kinematics of the grinding process. This new approach was able to reduce the simulation time from over twelve hours to about four seconds without losing any information about the cutting edge–workpiece interaction. The resulting predicted workpiece surface was then experimentally validated by carrying out a grinding experiment using the same grinding wheel used to develop the grinding wheel computer model and then measuring the resulting workpiece surface profile. Good agreement between simulated and experimental workpiece profiles was observed. Finally, the validated simulator was used to develop a kinematically-exact method to calculate the maximum uncut chip thickness and the simulation results were investigated for different depths of cut, wheel speeds and workpiece feeds.     

基于ANSYS的车轮强度分析与寿命预测

运用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了考虑螺栓及法兰作用效果的车轮整体模型。对其进行旋转加载,通过线弹性分析,得到车轮的应力分布。用名义应力法对车轮寿命进行预测,并与试验数据进行对比。结果表明,预测寿命与试验寿命基本吻合,证明了预测方法是有效的。     

齿轮磨削中磨削力数学模型的研究

基于锥面砂轮磨齿展成运动的几何模型,计算出砂轮在任意冲程中所磨除金属材料的几何形状尺寸,在平面磨削磨削力计算公式的基础上对该被磨除金属材料沿磨削宽度方向进行积分,得到了齿轮磨削加工过程中磨削力的计算公式,应用该公式进行了仿真计算,得到了两种提高齿轮磨削加工质量的方法。     

磨削加工对象多变时砂轮状态在线监测方法

在磨削加工对象频繁更换的情况下 ,工件的材料、加工要求、磨削条件和磨削参数经常变化 ,使声发射信号的信息也随之发生变化 ,为此提出基于声发射信号多变情况下的归原处理法 ,用于多变磨削加工环境下砂轮状态的在线监测。通过实验验证了该方法的可行性     

基于多体系统理论的螺纹磨削研究

将多体系统运动建模方法应用到数控螺纹磨床建模中,建立机床、工件和砂轮的运动关系,推导出多线砂轮磨削螺纹的加工方程。开发螺纹磨削仿真软件,获得螺纹磨削加工G代码,在磨削螺纹的生产中取得了很好的效果。     

Continuous measurement of interaction forces between wheel and rail

Oscillatory wheel load fluctuation of considerable amplitude is always observed in railway cars traveling at high speed. This paper describes a continuous method for measuring the derailment coefficient and the forces between the wheel and rail. The acceleration measured on the axle box indicates that the frequency of this fluctuation can be as high as 70 Hz. Continuous measurement of wheel load using conventional methods is not possible due to this high frequency phenomenon. We have developed a new method for continuous measurement of these forces and the derailment coefficient using two pairs of strain gauge bridges with output phases shifted by 90°, and summing their outputs with a weighting function. This method works for measuring the forces between wheel and rail at high frequencies.     

Image processing of grinding wheel surface

Identifying the situation of grinding wheel wear and loading is a very important issue for high efficiency grinding operations. This paper presents a new method that detects and identifies the chip loading and cutting edge wear of a grinding wheel using the image processing toolbox of MATLAB. The different optical characters of the metal chips and the abrasive grains are analysed. The Sobel operator is adopted to make edge detection. A sensitivity threshold based on the global condition is used to decrease the noise. Image dilation and erosion processes are used to ensure the edge of each loaded chip is covered by a continuous section. The ratios of chips are calculated and displayed to monitor the wheel surface working status.     

Image processing of the grinding wheel surface

Identifying the situation of grinding wheel wear and loading is a very important issue for high-efficiency grinding operations. This paper presents a new method that detects and identifies the chip loading and cutting edge wear of a grinding wheel using the image processing toolbox of the MATLAB package. The different optical characters of the metal chips and the abrasive grains are analysed. The Sobel operator is adopted to make the edge detections. A sensitivity threshold based on the global condition is used to lower the noise. Image dilation and erosion processes are used to ensure that the edge of each loaded chip is covered by a continuous section. The ratios of chips are calculated and displayed to monitor the wheel surface working status.     

100 kN deadweight force standard machine and Evaluation

A deadweight force standard machine is a mechanical structure that generates force by subjecting deadweights to the local gravitational field. The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) developed and installed a 100 kN deadweight force standard machine for national force standards. It can generate forces from 2 kN to 110 kN in increments of 1 kN. The uncertainty of the force machine was estimated and declared as 2 × 10⁻⁵. This 100 kN deadweight force machine was compared with the 500 kN deadweight force standard machine at KRISS and the 20 kN and 50 kN deadweight force standard machines at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ). The measurement results showed good agreement between the deadweight force machines, and the accuracy level of the 100 kN deadweight force machine was verified.     

机床特性对陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮磨削比的影响

通过用陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮对45淬硬钢工件进行磨削试验,深入分析了机床特性对CBN砂轮磨削比的影响,获得了能够进行CBN砂轮高速高效磨削的机床特征参数。     

超音速火焰喷涂WC涂层超高速磨削试验研究

针对超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨涂层存在的加工困难,研究了不同砂轮线速度对涂层磨削力、表面粗糙度及表面微观形貌的影响,试验结果表明,随着砂轮线速度的大幅度提高,涂层磨削力、表面粗糙度值都能得到明显的减小;通过观察磨削表面的微观形貌发现,在超高速磨削条件下,涂层材料的去除方式更多的以塑性去除为主.     

成形砂轮磨齿工艺中磨削烧伤缺陷的研究与防止对策

根据成形砂轮磨齿工艺的特点,说明磨削烧伤产生的原因,经过分析研究与实践,给出烧伤缺陷的防止对策.     

Design and validation of a grinding wheel optical scanner system to repeatedly measure and characterize wheel surface topography

This paper describes the design and validation of an upgraded grinding wheel scanner system that controls the position of a Nanovea CHR-150 Axial Chromatism sensor along the x- and y-directions of the wheel surface to measure and characterize wheel surface topography. The scanner features a novel homing system that enables the wheel to be removed from the scanner, used on a grinding machine and then re-mounted and re-homed so that the same location on the wheel surface can be repeatedly measured and monitored. The average standard deviation for homing was 27.6 μm and 19.3 μm in the x- and y-directions, respectively, which is more than adequate for typical area scans of 25 mm². After homing, the scanner was able to repeatedly measure features that were similar in size to an abrasive grain (∼200 μm diameter) with an average error of 9.3 μm and 5.9 μm in the x- and y-directions, respectively. The resulting topography measurements were compared with Scanning Electron Microscope images to demonstrate the accuracy of the scanner. A custom particle filter was developed to process the resulting data and a novel analysis technique involving the rate of change of measured area was proposed as a method for establishing the reference wheel surface from which desired wheel topography results can be reported such as the number of cutting edges, cutting edge width and cutting edge area as a function of radial depth.     

内冷却砂轮工装研制

由于磨削加工中过高的磨削温度,可采用内冷却砂轮磨削,将切削液直接浇注到磨削区内部,破坏了磨削区的封闭性,从根本上解决磨削温度高引起的工程实际问题.在普通磨床上采用内冷却砂轮磨削就必须提供内冷却砂轮工装,通过对砂轮内冷却总体方案、内冷却砂轮工装设计进行了研究,研制出了结构简单,性能可靠高的内冷却砂轮工装,将该工装用于M7130C平面磨床进行磨削加工,大大降低了磨削区温度,有效避免磨削烧伤,提高了磨削加工质量,效果良好.实验表明内冷却砂轮可加工某些难加工材料,扩大了磨床加工范围.