基于熵权模糊综合评价法的加工中心可靠性分析

对国外某型号加工中心进行可靠性综合分析,采集各子系统故障数据,并应用MATLAB软件进行分析,确定各子系统的故障频率分布函数,计算求得平均故障间隔时间、平均首次故障时间的点估计值与当量故障率。应用基于熵权理论和专家经验的主观、客观赋权相结合的方法确定指标综合权重,采用三角形和半梯形相结合的隶属度函数对各指标的模糊性进行描述,并应用模糊数学理论对高档加工中心各子系统可靠性水平做出综合评价。利用最大隶属度选择原则获得各子系统的可靠性划分等级,最终确定该型号高档加工中心的可靠性等级为“高”。     

一种数控车床故障诊断方法

通过对数控机床可靠性增长技术的研究，利用MTBF值（平均故障间隔时间：Mean Time Between Failures）对国产数控机床进行故障诊断。根据采集的数控车床故障数据，对其进行了可靠性分析，计算出了可靠性评定指标，建立了故障间隔时间分布模型。对数控车床进行了故障模式、影响及危害度（FMECA）分析，剖析了数控车床的故障发生机理，找出了产品的薄弱环节，提出了部件或子系统的可靠性改进建议。     

加工中心自动换刀系统的可靠性分析

自动换刀系统是加工中心的关键功能部件,其可靠性水平直接影响加工中心整机的可靠性,因此自动换刀系统的可靠性研究具有重要的研究价值。针对国外高档加工中心的自动换刀系统,分别应用传统频次法和数理统计法,得出故障模式分析结果和平均故障次数的基础上,通过数学建模方法算出了平均首次故障时间(MTTFF)和平均故障间隔时间(MTBF)等可靠性评价指标。     

数控车床的电气系统故障模式分析

本文分析了数控车床电气系统的故障模式,找出电气系统故障多的原因,从而提高数控车床的可靠性。     

国外高档加工中心的可靠性分析与评价

以故障总时间法对国外高档加工中心的故障数据进行了数据处理,并应用Matlab软件对故障数据进行了包括模型选择、参数估计和校验等可靠性统计分析,得到了加工中心的故障数据服从二参数威布尔分布。并基于所得到的各种可靠性指标对此加工中心进行了可靠性评价。     

数控车床故障分析与提高可靠性的措施

设计了数控机床统计分析系统,采用定时截尾的试验方法收集了国产数控车床故障数据,采用d检验法对数控机床故障间隔时间分布函数进行检验,确定了故障间隔时间分布模型.对数控车床故障模式、影响及危害度(FMECA)进行了分析,剖析了数控车床的故障发生机制,找出了产品的薄弱环节,提出了部件和子系统的可靠性改进建议和措施.实践表明,这些建议和措施大大提高了国产数控车床可靠性.     

数控车床可靠性增长措施的应用研究

根据收集的16台某系列数控车床的可靠性数据,对该系列数控车床攻关前后的各项可靠性指标进行评价。根据故障分析,对该系列数控车床提出了可靠性增长措施。     

数控车床致命性分析

本文在掌握数控车床的故障发生情况基础上，对数控车床进行了致命性分析（ＣＡ），摸清数控车床的薄弱环节，找到关键部件，为根据实际情况对数控车床进行可靠性分配和改进设计提供了依据。     

数控车床的故障间隔时间分布模型与拟合检验

针对某系列数控车床的故障间隔时间分布模型进行了参数估计和假设检验,得出了服从威布尔分布的结论。确定了该系列数控车床的可靠性特征量。得到了相应的拟合曲线。     

基于改进优度评价-AHP法的加工中心可靠性分析

对加工中心进行可靠性综合评价分析,统计各子系统故障数据并计算平均故障间隔时间（MTBF）、平均首次故障时间（MTTFF）的点估计值、当量故障率D、易维修指数K。采用改进优度评价-层次分析法确定了加工中心可靠性、可靠性指标与各子系统之间的综合权重和影响因子,克服了层次分析法主观性较大、精度不足的缺陷,并应用可靠性综合评价法对加工中心可靠性水平做出量化综合评价,得到加工中心的可靠性指标。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.