基于矩匹配和变分方法的MODIS条带去除模型

针对MODIS影像条带噪声的特点,提出了一种结合矩匹配和变分方法的条带去除模型。首先采用矩匹配方法去除多行和宽行条带噪声,然后基于改进的条带检测方法定位矩匹配后的残余条带,最后基于变分条带去除模型,使用Split Bregman迭代求解以去除条带。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地去除MODIS影像中的条带噪声,并能有效地保持图像中的细节信息。与直方图匹配、矩匹配、低通滤波及单向变分去条带算法相比,本文模型取得了更为理想的去噪效果。     

基于矩匹配和变分法的MODIS条带去除模型

针对中分辨率成像光谱仪(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,MODIS)影像条带噪声的特点,提出了一种结合矩匹配和变分法的条带去除模型。首先采用矩匹配方法去除多行和宽行条带噪声;然后,基于改进的条带检测方法定位矩匹配后的残余条带;最后,基于变分条带去除模型,使用Split Bregman迭代求解以去除条带。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地去除MODIS影像中的条带噪声,并能有效地保持图像中的细节信息。与直方图匹配、矩匹配、低通滤波及单向变分去条带算法相比,本文模型的去噪效果更理想。     

基于参考波段的去除HJ-1A星HSI图像中条带噪声的方法

环境卫星HJ-1A搭载的超光谱成像仪自2008年9月发射以来,已获取了大量影像数据.由于超光谱成像仪部分波段的图像存在明显的条带噪声,其图像应用效果受到严重影响.本文针对该图像噪声的特点,提出了一种基于参考波段的移动窗口条带噪声去除方法.结果表明,新的噪声去除算法不仅可以有效去除图像的条带噪声,显著提高图像的清晰度,而且还保留了原始图像的基本信息.该方法具有处理速度快、适用性广等优点,是一种理想的条带噪声去除方法.     

风云三号D星微波温度计条带噪声抑制研究

利用主成分分析法(Principal Components Analysis, PCA)分析了风云三号D星微波温度计(Microwave Temperature Sounder, MWTS)观测数据中条带噪声的分布特征,描述了存在条带噪声的主要模态。基于集合经验模态分解(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition, EEMD)方法对存在条带噪声的模态所对应的时间系数进行了分解并滤波。通过重构观测亮温实现了对条带噪声的抑制。在定性验证条带噪声抑制效果的基础上,通过将观测亮温与模态亮温进行比较来定量评估条带噪声抑制后的数据精度。统计结果表明,经过条带噪声抑制后,观测亮温与模态亮温的标准差减小约0.018 K,进一步提升了MWTS的数据精度。     

应用相位一致性评价多光谱遥感图像条带噪声

条带噪声是影响多光谱遥感图像质量的重要因素之一,严重影响遥感数据的解译和信息提取。提出一种应用相位一致性进行多光谱遥感图像条带噪声质量评价的方法。该方法不受图像亮度或对比度变化的影响,以频域中相位一致性探测图像特征点,综合考虑图像中条带噪声的数量、长度、宽度和强度建立评价因子,客观评价遥感图像中存在的条带噪声对图像质量的影响。实验证明该方法评价结果符合人眼视觉感官评价。     

基于方向滤波器消除遥感图像孤立条带噪声的方法

条带噪声是影响遥感图像质量的重要因素之一.在分析遥感CCD图像孤立条带噪声产生原因和噪声模型的基础上,提出了基于二维方向滤波器抑制条带噪声的新方法.该方法利用了窄带方向滤波器良好的图像纹理方向的频率选择特性,将条带噪声与图像其它信息分离到不同的方向滤波器子带内,并在水平信息子带内采用均值补偿方法去除条带噪声.实验结果证明它不仅能有效去除CCD图像中的随机孤立条带噪声,还能保持原始图像的辐射入射幅度,保留细节信息,较传统的方法相比,性能有较大的提高.     

CCD图像条带噪声消除方法

条带噪声是线阵CCD成像过程中最常见的系统噪声,其存在掩盖了图像的有用信息,给图像判读造成了不利影响。利用小波变换对信号奇异点检测的优越性,检测出条带噪声在小波系数中的周期性分布规律。依据小波去噪三步法,对存在条带噪声的低频和高频小波系数分别进行阈值处理。处理后图像目视效果良好,功率谱基本保留了原图像功率谱的变化趋势,表明在有效去除条带噪声的同时,较好地保留了图像中的有用信息。     

一种新型的红外影像ME噪声去除方法

记忆效应(Memory Effect, ME)噪声是发生在红外光机扫描仪影像中的一种条带噪声。扫描条带中,有明显亮暗突变位置的景物的ME噪声尤其明显,会严重影响影像的目视效果。传统的ME噪声去除方法基于系统脉冲响应函数构建复原滤波器,使用复原滤波器对图像进行复原。该方法的缺点是必须有精确的系统脉冲响应函数。针对传统方法的不足,提出了一种新的ME噪声去除算法。该算法利用影像自身的辐射信息,使用检测模板遍历整景影像以检测ME噪声,对检测到的噪声使用迭代法去除。最终,选取资源一号01星的IRMSS影像进行了试验。结果表明,该方法可以有效去除ME噪声,从而提升图像的辐射质量。     

基于空间自适应变分的条带噪声去除方法

遥感图像经常被条带噪声污染,导致图像质量下降。为了去除条带噪声,本文提出了一种基于空间自适应变分的噪声抑制方法。首先,对条带噪声建模,并利用信噪比较高的区域估计出模型的增益和偏置;然后,在变分法的框架下,构建能量函数,并引入空间自适应正则因子,根据图像空间信息自适应调整正则参数;最后,采用分裂式Bregman算法优化能量函数,得到去噪图像的最优解。实验表明,本文算法可以将实际遥感图像等效视数由37.26提高到76.48,辐射质量提升因子提高到8.52 dB。本文算法能够有效去除条带噪声,保留图像细节,改善图像质量。     

TDI-CCD图像固有条带噪声的消除方法及实现

存在于TDI-CCD图像中的条带噪声会影响图像的质量,降低系统的测量精度。针对TDI-CCD图像固有条带噪声的灰度值在原始信息中变化比较缓慢的特点,利用傅里叶变换域内的频谱图映射确定条带噪声频率的方法,分别采用低通、带阻滤波器对条带噪声进行消除。另外,提出了一种改进阈值的小波变换法来消除条带噪声,该方法能在小波分解后各个尺度的垂直方向上自适应地确定阈值。实验结果表明在消除条带噪声方面,改进阈值的小波变换法优于传统的傅里叶变换法。在整个频率域内,改进阈值的小波变换法能够较彻底地消除条带噪声,同时较好地保持了原图像的特征。     

A MAP-Based Algorithm for Destriping and Inpainting of Remotely Sensed Images

Remotely sensed images often suffer from the common problems of stripe noise and random dead pixels. The techniques to recover a good image from the contaminated one are called image destriping (for stripes) and image inpainting (for dead pixels). This paper presents a maximum a posteriori (MAP)-based algorithm for both destriping and inpainting problems. The main advantage of this algorithm is that it can constrain the solution space according to a priori knowledge during the destriping and inpainting processes. In the MAP framework, the likelihood probability density function (PDF) is constructed based on a linear image observation model, and a robust Huber-Markov model is used as the prior PDF. The gradient descent optimization method is employed to produce the desired image. The proposed algorithm has been tested using moderate resolution imaging spectrometer images for destriping and China-Brazil Earth Resource Satellite and QuickBird images for simulated inpainting. The experiment results and quantitative analyses verify the efficacy of this algorithm.     

红外图像条纹噪声消除方法

分析了条纹噪声的产生机制,并提出了能够在一帧时间内完成的去除条纹噪声算法.该算法利用局部窗口遍历一帧图像的所有像元,获得每行像元的极值,并通过相邻行之间灰度值的继承性完成一帧图像的校正参数的计算;通过设定合适的阈值消除图像边缘和系统噪声对参数精度的影响.实验结果和理论分析表明,提出的算法能够在一帧时间内有效地消除红外图像的条纹噪声.     

Implementation and Evaluation of Concurrent Gradient Search Method for Reprojection of MODIS Level 1B Imagery

This paper presents details regarding implementation of a novel algorithm for reprojection of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level 1B imagery. The method is based on a simultaneous 2-D search in latitude and longitude geolocation fields by using their local gradients. Due to the segmented structure of MODIS imagery caused by the instrument whiskbroom electrooptical design, the gradient search is realized in the following two steps: intersegment and intrasegment search. This approach resolves the discontinuity of the latitude/longitude geolocation fields caused by overlap between consecutively scanned MODIS multidetector image segments. The structure of the algorithm allows equal efficiency with nearest neighbor and bilinear interpolation. A special procedure that combines analytical and numerical schemes is designed for reprojecting imagery near the polar region, where the standard gradient search may become unstable. The performance of the method was validated by comparison of reprojected MODIS/Terra and MODIS/Aqua images with georectified Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus imagery over Canada. It was found that the proposed method preserves the absolute geolocation accuracy of MODIS pixels determined by the MODIS geolocation team. The method was implemented to reproject MODIS Level 1B imagery over Canada, North America, and Arctic circumpolar zone in the following four popular geographic projections: Plate Care (cylindrical equidistant), Lambert Conic Conformal, Universal Transverse Mercator, and Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area. It was also found to be efficient for reprojection of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer and Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer satellite images and general-type meteorological fields, such as the North American Regional Reanalysis data sets.     

Spectral linear mixing model in low spatial resolution image data

Different ways to estimate the spectral reflectance for the component classes in a mixture problem have been proposed in the literature (pure pixels, spectral library, field measurements). One of the most common approaches consists in the use of pure pixels, i.e., pixels that are covered by a single component class. This approach presents the advantage of allowing the extraction of the components' reflectance directly from the image data. This approach, however, is generally not feasible in the case of low spatial resolution image data, due to the large ground area covered by a single pixel. In this paper, a methodology aiming to overcome this limitation is proposed. The proposed approach makes use of the spectral linear mixing model. In the proposed methodology, the components' proportions in image data are estimated using a medium spatial resolution image as auxiliary data. The linear mixing model is then solved for the unknown spectral reflectances. Experiments are presented, using Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus, as low and medium spatial resolution image data, respectively, acquired on the same date over the Tapajos study site, Brazilian Amazon. Three component classes or endmembers are present in the scene covered by the experiment, namely vegetation, exposed soil, and shade. The components' spectral reflectance for the Terra MODIS spectral bands were then estimated by applying the proposed methodology. The reliability of these estimates is appraised by analyzing scatter diagrams produced by the Terra MODIS spectral bands and also by comparing the fraction images produced using both image datasets. This methodology appears appropriate for up-scaling information for regional and global studies.     

基于合成孔径雷达的SAR图像去噪

针对SAR图像相干斑抑制问题.提出一种双变量收缩函数与小波系数显著性增强相结合的SAR图像的斑点抑制算法.文中将双树复小波推广至斑点噪声模型,利用相邻尺度小波系数的联合概率密度函数与噪声的统计模型联立后.通过最大后验概率估计出滤波后图像的小波系数.再采用小波系数的模极大值准则对系数进行显著性增强.突出图像的边缘特征和点特征.仿真实验表明.与其他传统的去噪算法相比.本文提出的算法具有更好的去噪效果.     

基于熵变分的图像放大模型

针对传统图像放大处理过程中出现的边缘模糊和噪声干扰问题,分析了Tikhonov正则化模型对带噪图像放大处理的缺陷.在最大后验估计(MAP)和熵理论基础上,提出了一种基于熵变分的带噪图像放大模型及其算法.该算法利用图像像素点梯度信息自适应的各向异性滤波处理,在较好的保持图像边缘锐度的同时有效地克服了图像噪声的影响,理论分析和实验结果皆表明此算法的有效性.     

一种融合残差点信息的改进的多基线InSAR高程重建方法

针对不连续地形难以精确重建地形高程的问题,将干涉图残差点和相邻像素点差异比较相结合的坏点判断方法与基于全变分能量函数的最大后验估计算法结合起来,该文提出一种改进的多基线InSAR高程重建方法。该方法利用干涉图残差点和相邻像素点差异比较对不连续点计算原理的不同,对基于全变分能量函数的最大后验估计算法重建的预估地形高程图进行坏点判断,有效判断出高程图不连续点中由于噪声或计算误差引起的坏点,并对预估地形高程图中坏点进行适当加权更新获得最终估计的地形高程图。该文算法在保留基于全变分能量函数的最大后验估计算法简便的优点的同时提高了目标地形高程的估计精度。最后通过2种不同类型地形的仿真实验,表明该方法简单有效。     

基于多方向小波提升IRFPA盲元检测精度方法

红外焦平面成像质量受材料生长及器件制备工艺的影响,易出现盲元、条纹噪声等缺陷。条纹噪声经常会导致盲元的检测偏差,准确的盲元检测对于后续图像处理具有重要意义。利用双密度双树复数小波分解的多方向性小波系数,结合广义高斯分布将高频小波系数按照对条纹噪声影响程度分别赋予不同权值并进行单支重构,消除了条纹噪声对盲元检测的影响,得到初步干净的预处理图像,进而对预处理图像运用3准则进行盲元检测。通过短波HgCdTe红外焦平面成像的实践验证,该方法对具有条纹噪声特征的红外图像盲元检测更加准确。