Source of nonstationary quasi-poisson pulse signals

A generator is described that produces trains of falling intensity quasi-Poisson pulses for which the initial values of the components and the decay time-constants can be adapted independently over a given range. The operating algorithm is described and estimates are given of the errors in reproducing given statistical characteristics. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 13–17, April, 1998.     

Estimation of precision of a stochastic method of measuring geometric parameters of fractures

A general approach to estimating precision of a stochastic method of measuring geometric parameters of non-stationary random objects is proposed. The method is based on application of the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 12–13, March, 1996.     

Using a pulse generator to check flux meters

Measurement Techniques -     

Improving the accuracy of estimation of stochastic pulse signals

A method is described of estimating the parameters of a useful signal on the background of additive periodic and stochastic continuous and pulse noise. An example of technical implementation of the proposed technique is described. Mathematical design equations for the described device are given. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 37–40, January, 1996.     

Estimation of parameters of a multifractal process

Multifractal functions are widely used to model irregular signals such as turbulence, data stream or road traffic. Here, we consider multifractal functions defined as lacunar wavelet series observed in a white noise model. These random functions are statistically characterized by two parameters. The first parameter governs the intensity of the wavelet coefficients while the second one governs its sparsity. We construct estimators of these two parameters and discuss statistical properties of this important model: the rate of the Fisher information and a testing procedure to check the multifractal feature of an observed noisy signal.      

Scattering-induced changes in the degree of polarization of a stochastic electromagnetic plane-wave pulse

The scattering of a stochastic electromagnetic plane-wave pulse on a deterministic spherical medium is investigated. An analytical formula for the degree of polarization (DOP) of the scattered field in the far zone is derived. Letting pulse duration T(0) → ∞, our formula can be applied to study the scattering of a stationary stochastic electromagnetic light wave. Numerical results show that the DOP of the far zone field is closely determined by the size of the spherical medium when the incident field is a stochastic electromagnetic plane-wave pulse. This is much different from the case when the incident field is a stationary stochastic electromagnetic light wave, where the DOP of the far zone field is independent of the size of the medium. One may obtain the information of the spherical medium by measuring the scattering-induced changes in the DOP of a stochastic electromagnetic plane-wave pulse.     

脉冲参数计量方法综述

脉冲参数的计量是无线电参数计量中重要的内容之一,随着科学技术的发展,尤其是通讯技术与计算机融合．对脉冲参数的计量提出了更高更新的要求。该文通过对脉冲参数的计量方法、计量中常用的仪器及技术法规的介绍．让读者尤其是脉冲参数计量工作者对脉冲计量有一个比较全面的了解,为更好的从事脉冲计量打下基础。     

Estimation of arbitrary-distribution parameters from the data of a repetitive experiment

Regular statistics making it possible to efficiently estimate the parameters of arbitrary distribution for the case of a repetitive experiment is described and substantiated. The methodology of engineering mathematics is used for derivation and substantiation of the statistics.     

Method of recording CMOS IC parameters after a destabilizing pulse

The techniques presented for recording the parameters of a CMOS IC make it possible to determine the pulse transient response function of an integrated circuit and to observe the behavior of the IC during a destabilizing pulse and just after it for 10^–5–10^–4 sec.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 51–52, April, 1995.     

Determination of plasma parameters with a probing magnetic field pulse

An experimental technique for the determination of electric conductivity and temperature of plasma is presented. The technique is based on comparing the signals that are produced by a pulsed magnetic field in the circuits of two probes located within the studied plasma and outside of it. The proposed technique for the measurement of plasma parameters was tested experimentally in the context of measuring the electric conductivity and temperature of plasma flux formed in cathode spots of a high-current pulsed vacuum arc with a magnesium cathode.     

Propagation of single flux quantum pulse of superconducting transmission line

Josephson tunnel junction switching by single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses generated by a two-junction interferometer and propagated on a superconducting transmission line have been investigated experimentally and by numerical simulation. High current density tunnel junctions have been used to enhance voltage SFQ pulse amplitudes and reduce junction damping parameters. The measured effective amplitudes of SFQ pulses allow an evaluation of the applicability of transmission lines to SFQ logic circuits and Josephson samplers.     

The effect of internal reflections of the field on the parameters of a superradiant pulse

Superadiation (SR) of an inverted two-level medium, described by one-dimensional Maxwell-Bloch equations without assuming that the amplitudes of the electric field vary smoothly along the sample, is studied. It is shown that as the initial inversion density increases, a transition is observed from the so-called “lethargic” field amplification regime, characteristic for the initial stage of SR, to a regime close to the ordinary exponential law. This accelerates the process and can lead to synchronization of counterpropagating SR pulses. Estimates are obtained for the average value of the delays of the oppositely propagating pulses and for their correlation criterion, which depends strongly on the ratio of the sample length and the half-wavelength of the resonance radiation. The possibility of realizing SR under conditions of strong phase relaxation of the active medium is discussed. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25, 24–31 (October 12, 1999)     

Two possible causes of the stage of emission buildup after excitation by a nanosecond electron flux pulse

Impact of short-time radiation pulse on optical materials initiates luminescence flash, formation and transformation of color centers (defects) in them. The present paper is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of the occurrence of the luminescence buildup stage in LiF–WO₃ and YLiF₄:Nd³⁺ crystals in which this effect is found to be steady at 300 K after exposure to the high-energy electron flux pulse of nanosecond duration, also proposed a model to describe the kinetics of cathodoluminescence growth under pulsed excitation.     

Method of determining the parameters of a photoelectric pulse transmitter with several optron pairs

Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 10, pp. 16–17, October, 1989.