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微波强化酵母细胞中海藻糖提取工艺的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
尝试了微波强化活性干酵母中提取海藻糖的新工艺。采用微波对酵母细胞进行预处理,以乙醇为提取剂在一定温度下提取海藻糖。结果表明,在相同的条件下,经过微波处理过的酵母细胞中海藻糖的提取率较传统的提取方法提高15%,作用效果理想。 相似文献
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海藻糖合酶能够将麦芽糖转化为海藻糖,在海藻糖的工业生产中具有十分重要的意义。海藻糖是由两分子葡萄糖以1,1-糖苷键连接而成的非还原性双糖,广泛存在于细菌、酵母、丝状真菌、植物、昆虫、无脊椎动物等生物体体内。海藻糖对生物体具有非常重要的生物学意义,它是能源和碳源的储备物,是蛋白质和生物膜分子在脱水、高温、氧自由基、低温等恶劣环境中的稳定剂和保护剂,是信号传感复合物和生长调控因子,还是某些细菌细胞壁的组分之一。。由于海藻糖具有甜度适中,性质稳定,不易分解,无还原性等特殊性质,以及其保护生物大分子(生物膜、蛋白质、DNA)免受干燥、高温、低温、过氧等环境压力破坏的独特功能,因此该双糖的应用价值十分巨大,已经被广泛应用于食品加工业、医药业、农业、生化制品业和化妆品产业中。 相似文献
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引 言海藻糖是由两个葡萄糖分子结合而成的非还原性双糖 ,广泛存在于隐生生命的生物即脱水的动植物体内 ,并赋予这类生物抵御高温、干旱、脱水等不良环境胁迫的能力 .进一步研究发现 ,海藻糖具有在干燥条件下保持蛋白质、核酸等大分子物质的结构和功能不受破坏的特异功效 .因此 ,作为一种生物制品活性保护剂和食品添加剂 ,海藻糖在蛋白质、酶类、疫苗、菌苗、基因工程药物以及食品、化妆品的生产中具有广阔的应用前景 .近年来 ,在世界范围内掀起了海藻糖生产与应用研究的热潮[1] .酿酒酵母特别是面包酵母胞内海藻糖含量丰富 ,为市售海藻糖… 相似文献
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酶法合成海藻糖的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
麦芽糖苷基海藻糖合成酶(MTSase)和麦芽糖苷基海藻糖水解酶(MTHase)可将淀粉转化为海藻糖,以改性壳聚糖为载体固定化海藻糖合成酶,通过比较固定化过程中各个因素的影响,得出结论如下:海藻糖酶液与5%戊二醛交联,交联温度为35℃、交联时间为16h条件下,固定化酶活性最高,再与淀粉溶液反应12h,海藻糖转化率达45.47%,与未固定化酶法制备相比有明显提高,符合工业化生产的需要并为进一步纯化海藻糖打下良好基础。 相似文献
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以壳聚糖为载体固定化海藻糖合成酶 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以壳聚糖为栽体,采用戊二醛为交联剂的方法来固定海藻糖合成酶。研究结果表明:在戊二醛质量分数为0.5%、液态酶与壳聚糖凝胶的配比为1:1、交联pH值为8.0、交联温度为15℃、交联时间为12h条件下,固定化海藻糖合成酶的活性最高,生成的海藻糖量最多,海藻糖的最高含量能达到40%左右。另外,固定化酶转化麦芽糖为海藻糖的最佳反应时间为18h,这时可以获得最高含量的海藻糖。 相似文献
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研究了海藻糖对固定化纤维素酶在干燥和存放过程中的保护作用 ,发现海藻糖能有效地减少固定化酶干燥过程中酶的热失活 ,而且能提高固定化纤维素酶存放过程中的热稳定性 .但温度越高海藻糖的保护效果越差 .借助红外分析和差示扫描量热方法 ,初步推测了海藻糖对固定化纤维素酶保护的机理为 :一是糖的羟基同酶分子以氢键的形式结合 ,提高了酶的热变性温度 ;二是糖分子包裹在酶分子周围 ,或填充在酶分子的空间结构内 ,特别是酶的活性部位附近 ,并形成玻璃态 ,将酶蛋白的空间结构固定住而避免酶的失活 . 相似文献
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Dihydrate trehalose was transformed into anhydrous crystals by dehydration using fluidized bed drying, indirect heat drying, and vacuum drying, and characteristics of the reaction of crystal transformation were compared. In any drying method, the dihydrate trehalose was transformed into the stable β-form anhydrous trehalose crystal. However, the surface structure and drying characteristics were different. The moisture change was correlated by the Avrami equation, which can be generally applied to the crystal transformation. 相似文献
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Dihydrate trehalose was transformed into anhydrous crystals by dehydration using fluidized bed drying, indirect heat drying, and vacuum drying, and characteristics of the reaction of crystal transformation were compared. In any drying method, the dihydrate trehalose was transformed into the stable β-form anhydrous trehalose crystal. However, the surface structure and drying characteristics were different. The moisture change was correlated by the Avrami equation, which can be generally applied to the crystal transformation. 相似文献
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Maarten Walmagh Renfei Zhao Tom Desmet 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(6):13729-13745
Trehalose (α-d-glucopyranosyl α-d-glucopyranoside) is a non-reducing sugar with unique stabilizing properties due to its symmetrical, low energy structure consisting of two 1,1-anomerically bound glucose moieties. Many applications of this beneficial sugar have been reported in the novel food (nutricals), medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Trehalose analogues, like lactotrehalose (α-d-glucopyranosyl α-d-galactopyranoside) or galactotrehalose (α-d-galactopyranosyl α-d-galactopyranoside), offer similar benefits as trehalose, but show additional features such as prebiotic or low-calorie sweetener due to their resistance against hydrolysis during digestion. Unfortunately, large-scale chemical production processes for trehalose analogues are not readily available at the moment due to the lack of efficient synthesis methods. Most of the procedures reported in literature suffer from low yields, elevated costs and are far from environmentally friendly. “Greener” alternatives found in the biocatalysis field, including galactosidases, trehalose phosphorylases and TreT-type trehalose synthases are suggested as primary candidates for trehalose analogue production instead. Significant progress has been made in the last decade to turn these into highly efficient biocatalysts and to broaden the variety of useful donor and acceptor sugars. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the latest insights and future perspectives in trehalose analogue chemistry, applications and production pathways with emphasis on biocatalysis. 相似文献
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海藻糖 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
尤新 《精细与专用化学品》2002,10(9):21-21,12
海藻糖能稳定细胞膜和蛋白质的结构,使生物体保持活性,可用于医药、化妆品、食品等行业。在生物技术领域,海藻糖是必不可少的一种生物制剂;在食品加工方面,海藻糖对淀粉有显著的防老化作用。国际上采用的海藻糖生产途径仍为传统的从酵母中提取的方法,成本非常高。开发以淀粉质原料制海藻糖和回收啤酒厂下脚酵母提取海藻糖将使其生产成本下降,并对海藻糖应用领域的拓宽起到积极作用。 相似文献
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为了有效提高苍耳子油的提取效率,考察了提取溶剂和提取方法对其提取率的影响.在5种常用提取溶剂(乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、二氯甲烷和环己烷)中,采用索氏提取法时二氯甲烷的提取率最高,采用微波法时乙醇的提取率最高.另外,采用微波法提取的苍耳子油的得率略低于索氏提取法,但微波法的提取效率更高,提取时间节省近30倍,溶剂消耗节省2倍.综合考虑,微波法提取具有更大的优势. 相似文献
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