日本的手动—NC机床

日本的手动－ＮＣ铣订和手动－ＮＣ车床自投放市场以来已１年有余，由于操作简便，价格低廉，深受用户好评。本文主要介绍了目前日本市场上的“手动－ＮＣ机床”的主要机种及其发展动向。     

乘用车变速器动态换挡性能提升的改进策略

随着乘用车日趋饱和,传统的手动变速器正向“精品化”“高扭矩”“轻量化”方向发展。动态换挡性能作为手动变速器感知属性受到越来越多的关注。针对动态换挡性能4种主观测评问题——“力重”、手感“偏硬”、“二次冲击”、“尾端阻滞”提出对应的改进策略,并采用GSA客观测试方法验证了改进策略的合理性和有效性。     

DFD－2100型电动操作器的改进

介绍了ＤＦＤ－２１００型电动操作器“中途限位”电路的工作原理及手动工况下“中途限位”的实现方法。解决了实际应用中。操作器手动工况下调节阀容易卡死的问题。     

西门子840D系统异步子程序功能的应用

利用西门子840D系统的异步子程序来实现数控车床的刀架手动换刀功能,简化PLC程序的编制,使手动换刀更为方便和准确。     

ZL50装载机手动电控变速控制电子单元的设计与研究

电子控制单元是ZL50装载机手动电控变速控制系统的核心,从电控单元设计原则出发,设计了变速器电控单元的结构框架,并对手动电控单元功能进行详细设计,选用电子元器件并搭建了硬件系统,对手动电控单元硬件进行验证,其功能满足设计要求。     

手动机具力量与速度统一的创新设计方案

手动机具设计要解决的主要问题是如何实现力量与速度的统一。本文分析了几种手动机具方案设计过程及其设计思路、工作原理和控制系统,提出了一个集功能推理和结构创新为一体的手动液压机具设计方案。     

“数控特殊功能”在数控淬火机床上的应用

本文介绍了在数控淬火机床上开发数控的特殊功能-"中断宏插入"功能、"手动自动同时有效功能","手动定位功能",这些功能的应用是加快生产节拍、提高生产效率的新方法。     

易格斯推出可调节轴承间隙的“DryLin W”导向系统

可调节间隙、免润滑和抗污垢是当今直线导向系统技术的发展趋势。位于科隆的易格斯滑动轴承专家,已成功研发出全新“DryLin W”导向系统,具有“调适”功能,可对间隙进行手动调整。故因此而命名。     

可调节轴承间隙的“DryLin W”导向系统

可调节间隙，免润滑和抗污垢是当今直线导向系统技术的发展趋势。为了与该潮流齐头并进，位于科隆的易格斯滑动轴承专家，已成功研发出全新“DryLin W”导向系统，具有“调适”功能，可对间隙进行手动调整。     

三菱C64CNC手动随机进给功能在淬火机床上的应用

本文介绍了三菱C64CNC数控系统在淬火机床上使用”手动随机进给”功能的程序设计方法及使用要点。     

在Word中处理AutoCAD图形

将ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ和Ｗｏｒｄ两个软件通过“剪贴”“复制”“粘贴”等方法,实现ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ绘制的图形插入Ｗｏｒｄ中,并充分利用向导和模板功能等图形处理技巧,使工程图样“图文一体化”。     

Highly accurate SNR measurement using the covariance of two SEM images with the identical view

Quality of an SEM image is strongly influenced by the extent of noise. As a well-known method in the field of SEM, the covariance is applied to measure the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method has potential ability for highly accurate measurement of the SNR, which is hardly known until now. If the precautions discussed in this article are adopted, that method can demonstrate its real ability. These precautions are strongly related to "proper acquisition of two images with the identical view," "alignment of an aperture diaphragm," "reduction of charging phenomena," "elimination of particular noises," and "accurate focusing," As necessary, characteristics in SEM signal and noise are investigated from a few standpoints. When using the maximum performance of this measurement, SNR of many SEM images obtained in a variety of the SEM operating conditions and specimens can be measured accurately.     

Nanohybrid versus nanofill composite in class I cavities: margin analysis after 12 months

This study evaluates the margin of a nanofill, a nanohybrid, and a conventional microhybrid composite in restorations in occlusal cavities of posterior teeth after 12 months. Forty-one patients, each with three molars affected by primary caries or the need to replace restorations, participated in this research. The teeth were restored with a nanofill (Filtek Z350), a nanohybrid (Esthet-X), and a microhybrid as a control (Filtek Z250). Ten patients were selected randomly, and the three restorations were molded with a low-viscosity polyvinyl siloxane material. The molds were poured with epoxy resin, gold-sputter coated, observed by scanning electron microscopy, and classified as: "perfect margin," "marginal irregularity," "marginal gap," "marginal fracture," or "artifact." For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon and Friedman nonparametric tests and paired-samples t-test were used (significance level of 5%). The performance of the three materials was compared after 1 week and 12 months. No statistically significant differences were detected for all criteria (P > 0.05). When each composite was compared over time, statistically significant differences were found for the criterion, perfect margins (Esthet-X and Filtek Z350, P < 0.05). The materials performed satisfactorily over the 12-month-observation period, but all composites under investigation showed a certain amount of deterioration relating to marginal quality over time.     

Mass spectrometry and the search for moonlighting proteins

Mass spectrometry has become one of the most important techniques in proteomics because of its use to identify the proteins found in different cell types, organelles, and multiprotein complexes. This information about protein location and binding partners can provide valuable clues to infer a protein's function. However, more and more proteins are found that "moonlight," or have more than one function, and the presence of moonlighting proteins can make more difficult the identification of protein function in those studies. This review discusses examples of moonlighting proteins and how their presence can affect the results of mass spectrometry studies that identify the locations, levels, and changes in protein expression. Although the presence of moonlighting proteins can complicate the results of those studies, mass spectrometry-derived protein-expression profiles potentially provides a very powerful method to find additional moonlighting proteins because they do not require a prior hypothesis of the protein's function.     

浅谈《水文仪器系列型谱》的修订

本文说明了GB/T13336-1991《水文仪器系列型谱》修订的原因及其背景。论述了系列型谱的标准化概念、意义、重要性和作用,列出新修订水文仪器系列型谱的编制依据,分类原则,含盖的产品型式、品种的拓展,标准的协调性,主要技术内容的更新对比。从标准化普遍适用的角度和大水文事业发展观方面,系统阐述GB/T13336-1991《水文仪器系列型谱》的修订,旨在从中反映水文仪器产品十几年来的发展脉络,为水文仪器产品技术研究提供参考。     

The economic valuation of improved process plant decision support technology

How can investments that would potentially improve a manufacturing plant's decision process be economically justified? What is the value of "better information," "more flexibility," or "improved integration" and the technologies that provide these effects? Technology investments such as improved process modelling, new real time historians and other databases, "smart" instrumentation, better data analysis and visualization software, and/or improved user interfaces often include these benefits as part of their valuation. How are these "soft" benefits to be converted to a quantitative economic return? Quantification is important if rational management decisions are to be made about the correct amount of money to invest in the technologies, and which technologies to choose among the many available ones. Modelling the plant operational decision cycle-detect, analyse, forecast, choose and implement--provides a basis for this economic quantification. In this paper a new economic model is proposed for estimation of the value of decision support investments based on their effect upon the uncertainty in forecasting plant financial performance. This model leads to quantitative benefit estimates that have a realistic financial basis. An example is presented demonstrating the application of the method.     

"NC嵌入PC型"开放式数控系统硬、软件的设计

结合CK0625车床的改造,从硬件和软件两个方面论述了“NC嵌入PC型”开放式数控系统的设计和研究过程。通过大量的实验表明,经改造后的CK0625车床能够对加工过程进行实时显示和实时监控,实现了车床数控系统的各项基本功能,达到了车削数控加工的常规要求。     

数控机床故障原因分析方法浅谈

本文结合作者多年来从事数控机床故障分析与诊断方面的工作实践,系统地介绍了简便、快捷、实用的数控机床故障修理<契合法>、<差异法>和<共变法>,帮助分析、诊断出可能导致故障的原因,准确、迅速地排除,确保数控机床的运行.     

《机械制图》课程教学改革与实践

针对目前普通本科“机械制图”教学环节中存在的问题进行分析,提出为培养复合型、应用型、创新型高素质人才的需求,必须对“机械制图”教学模式和内容进行全面改革并实践,当今随着计算机技术的飞速发展,为机械制图理论和实践教学改革提供了客观条件,因此,“机械制图”课程教学改革与实践势在必行。     

概念设计及功能“粒化”问题

本文针对机械系统概念设计中存在的功能“粒化”这一基本问题进行了研究,认为功能与型式的一一对应是功能“粒化”的最佳程度,并结合机构的概念设计问题进行了尝试。