盐沉淀法从马铃薯渣中提取果胶的工艺

以马铃薯渣为原料提取果胶，采用水溶液萃取硫酸铝提取果胶的方法，探讨了萃取温度，萃取时间，萃取液量，溶液ｐＨ值以及硫酸铝用量对果胶产量的影响，获得的适宜条件是：一定量的马铃薯渣置于１５倍萃取液中，加热至９０℃并恒温搅拌１ｈ，萃取液过滤后，加入原料量２０％的硫酸铝沉淀果胶。     

盐沉淀法从胡萝卜渣中提取果胶的工艺

提出以胡萝卜渣为原料，用盐酸溶液萃取、硫酸铝沉淀提取果胶的方法，探讨了温度、时间、液量、ｐＨ值以及硫酸铝用量对果胶产率的影响，获得的适宜条件是：胡萝卜渣置于ｐＨ＝１．５的１２．５倍萃取液中，加热至９０℃，恒温１．５ｈ，萃取液中加入原料量２０％的硫酸铝以沉淀果胶。     

盐析法从干南瓜皮中提取果胶的技术研究

采用盐析法从干南瓜皮中提取食用果胶，对其制取工艺和条件进行了研究，结果表明：料液比为1：7，萃取液的pH值为2，萃取温度为95℃，萃取时间为90min，并用硫酸铝作沉淀剂，果胶得率达13．6％。与酒精法相比，盐析法提取果胶具有成本底，得率高、果胶制品纯洁等特点。     

微波法提取柚皮中的果胶

本文叙述以柚皮为原料在微波条件下用盐酸溶液萃取，硫酸铝溶液提取果胶。探讨微波辐射温度，辐射时间，盐酸萃取液pH值，液料倍数，硫酸铝用量，盐析温度及时间对果胶产量的影响。通过正交试验确定最佳工艺参数，评价产品质量。     

从柑桔皮中提取果胶的工艺研究

研究了以柑桔皮为原料,用乙醇浸提色素,酸水解乙醇沉淀法提取果胶的提取方法。在实验中用 L9(34)正交实验法对果胶提取的最佳条件进行探讨,对提取酸度、时间、温度等因素在三个不同水平上进行优选实验,以果胶得率×粘度 =胶凝单元数 (jeily units)作为衡量果胶产量的综合指标。实验中选择乙醇为浸取剂,果胶用盐酸水解,最佳条件： pH1 5,温度 80℃,时间 2h,果胶得率 13 88％。     

从薯渣中提取果胶及最佳提取条件的研究

本研究以马铃薯渣为原料采用盐酸提取——乙醇沉淀法获得果胶，分析酸度、温度、时间及乙醇体积分数等在果胶提取和沉淀时的影响。做单因素（温度、pH值提取时间和乙醇体积比等）实验和正交实验，结果表明，果胶提取的方法为：80℃热水浸泡30min，充分洗涤后，用盐酸调节pH=2、0，90℃下浸泡1．5h；乙醇沉淀条件为，调节pH=3．5，并保持乙醇的体积分数达到60％以上。此种方法获得的果胶酯化度为70％～80％，为高甲氧基果胶。     

从猕猴桃皮渣中提取果胶的工艺研究

探讨了以猕猴桃皮渣为原料用酒精沉淀法提取果胶的工艺条件,结果表明:萃取液的pH=2～2.5、萃取温度为90℃,萃取时间为90min、用95%度乙醇作沉淀剂时,可使果胶产率达3.5%～4.0%。     

从海红果皮渣中提取果胶的工艺研究

探讨了以海红果皮渣为原料用酒精沉淀法提取果胶的工艺条件,结果表明:萃取液的pH=2.0、萃取温度为85±1℃,萃取时间为100min、用95%乙醇做沉淀剂时,可使果胶产率达40～45g/kg。     

从柑桔皮中连续提取色素、果胶的工艺研究

研究了以柑桔皮为原料,乙醇浸提色素,酸水解乙醇沉淀法提取果胶的工艺。在实验中用Ｌ９（３＾４）正交实验法对果胶提取的最佳条件进行探讨,对提取酸度,时间、温度等因素在三个不同水平上进行优选实验,以果胶得率＊粘度＝胶凝单元数（ｊｏｉｙｕｎｉｔｓ）作为衡量果胶产量的综合指标。实验中选择乙醇为浸取剂,果胶用盐酸水解,最佳条件：ＰＨ１．５,温度８０℃,时间２ｈ,果胶得率１３．８８％。     

柑皮高甲氧基果胶提取条件的研究

以柑皮为原料，采取稀酸提取、乙醇沉淀的方法制取高甲氧基果胶。探讨了盐酸浓度、加热温度和时间对产品得率、胶凝强度及甲氧基含量的影响，确定了柑皮果胶的最佳提取条件     

Ester Content and Jelly pH Influences on the Grade of Pectins

SUMMARY— A series of samples with percent esterification ranging from 73.7 to 28.6 was prepared under acid conditions at room temperature from lemon peel pectin that had been precipitated with aluminum. Molecular weight, as determined by viscosity in 1% Calgon, and galacturonic acid content remained unaltered during demethylation while equivalent weight decreased. Setting time increased until an ester content of around 50% was reached. At lower ester values setting time decreased again.
Maximum jelly grades were obtained at an ester content of ca. 45%. However, at this ester level the pH at which a high jelly grade was obtained was very low and the grade decreased very rapidly as the jelly pH was increased to values above pH 2.2. The maximum grade obtained with a particular sample decreased and the pH at which this maximum grade could still be obtained increased as the ester content was increased above ca. 45%. Below this ester level, the maximum grade as well as the maximum pH at which this grade could be obtained decreased with ester content.     

香蕉皮中果胶提取工艺的研究

分别用醇沉淀法和盐析法从香蕉皮中提取果胶,确定了两种方法酸解的工艺条件。通过单因素试验和正交试验,得出醇沉淀法提取果胶的最佳工艺条件:pH为2,料液比为1∶2,酸解温度为85℃,酸解时间为120 min;通过正交试验,得出盐析法酸解最佳工艺条件:pH为1.5,料液比为1∶3,酸解温度为95℃,酸解时间为90 min。醇析法所得果胶色泽较好,呈灰白色,质地粘稠;盐析法所得果胶色泽棕灰,质地疏松,但产率较高。     

柚皮提取果胶沉淀条件的研究

研究了用沉淀法以柚皮为原料提取果胶时工艺条件。通过对乙醇沉淀和硫酸铝盐析时各种影响因素的研究 ,分别得到较佳工艺条件 ,为批量生产提供了依据。     

刺葡萄皮渣中果胶的联产提取工艺研究

探索了湘西刺葡萄皮渣提取色素后果胶的联产提取工艺条件,并对提取所得果胶产品进行品质检测。结果表明,以0.05 mol/L的稀H2SO4为提取剂,料液比为1∶10,pH值为2.5,在80℃条件下提取1 h,提取2次,提取效果最好。产品得率为9.82%,半乳糖醛酸含量为68.86%。联产工艺用溶剂法从刺葡萄皮渣中提取的果胶产品4项指标优于国家标准,2项指标弱于国家标准。     

不同方法提取香蕉皮中果胶的研究

香蕉皮经不同方法提取而得果胶提取液,分别以乙醇沉淀法和盐析法从提取液中沉淀果胶。研究并取得了不同提取方法的最佳提取条件,比较了不同提取方法的乙醇消耗量,探索了不同方法对果胶提取得率和品质的影响。结果表明:酸解醇析法所消耗的乙醇量几乎为盐析法乙醇消耗量的两倍;盐析法省去稀酸提取液浓缩工序和减少乙醇回收量,节省能耗,降低生产成本,并能保证较高的提取得率和果胶品质。     

Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Apple (Malus Pumila. Cv Amri) Peel Waste

Abstract

Apple peel, the major waste in preserves manufacturing, contained 1.21% pectin. Peel waste could be stabilized with 600 ppm sulphur dioxide and 1% citric acid. Pectin extraction was better in citric acid than hydrochloric acid. The pectin powder was prepared by triple extraction with citric acid solution (1%) clarification through sedimentation, concentration (24°B), precipitation using ethyl alcohol, vacuum drying and grinding. Physico-chemical properties of pectin powder revealed moisture (10.0%), total ash (1.4%), equivalent weight (652.48), methoxyl content (3.7%), anhydrouronic acid (62.82%), degree of esterification (33.44%), acetyl value (0.68), and jelly grade (80).     

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取橘皮中果胶类化合物

通过正交实验结合响应面法对超声波辅助酸解提取橘皮中果胶类化合物的提取工艺进行研究,探讨果胶类化合物提取的最佳工艺条件.结果表明:超声波辅助酸水解提取可以提高橘皮果胶类化合物的得率.提取液pH、超声波频率和提取温度对最终的果胶类化合物得率影响较大,其中提取液pH影响最为显著.响应面法优化后果胶的最佳提取工艺条件为:pH1.0、超声波频率20.7kHz、提取温度73℃,此时果胶类化合物得率可达18.2%.     

黑加仑果酒酿造工艺的研究

黑加仑果酒是以黑加仑为主要原料,经过液态发酵制得的一种新型饮品。通过对果胶酶水解、酒精发酵过程的研究,最终确定了黑加仑果酒的酿造工艺。结果表明,使用0.55%果胶酶在35℃水解3h,黑加仑的出汁率为89.53%;黑加仑汁中添加50mg/L的SO2,然后接入活化4h的活性干酵母,30℃发酵7d,酒精度可达7.94%vol,酿制出的黑加仑果酒果香突出、口味柔和。     

双水相分离火龙果皮中色素和果胶

利用双水相系统同时分离火龙果皮中的天然红色素和果胶,提高火龙果皮资源的利用.以火龙果皮为原料,采用PEG/硫酸铵双水相体系分离火龙果皮中的色素和果胶.分析PEG相对分子质量、PEG质量分数、体系pH、硫酸盐质量分数4个因素对色素与果胶分离的影响.结果表明,随着双水相PEG和盐的质量分数增加,火龙果皮中的色素和果胶得率随...     

Extraction and characterization of pectin from pomelo peel and its impact on nutritional properties of carrot jam during storage

Pectin was extracted using 0.1 N HCl at 90 °C for 120 min at pH 1.5 and 2.0 from pomelo peel and characterized in this study. Influence of various concentrations of extracted pomelo peel pectin on physicochemical, bioactive compounds, color, and sensory attributes of carrot jam during storage was also studied. Pectin extracted at pH 2.0 had higher ash content, equivalent weight, and total anhydrouronic acid content than that extracted at pH 1.0. Extracted pomelo peel pectin was categorized as high‐methoxyl pectin based on the degree of esterification. The β‐carotene and total phenol content were increased in jam after 90 days of storage. Ascorbic acid content decreased with increasing storage period. Jam prepared using commercial pectin had higher ΔE values than jam prepared using pomelo peel pectin. Physico‐chemical properties were influenced by pectin concentrations and storage time. Overall acceptability was similar for all samples on the basis of sensory evaluation. The results showed that pomelo peel might be used as a rich source of pectin and pomelo peel pectin could be used as an alternative to commercial pectins for carrot jam preparation.

Practical applications

Pectin is one of the main ingredients for jam and jelly making. Citrus fruits are main sources of pectin. Usually pomelo peels are discarded as waste materials. However, it could be a good source of pectin. In this article, pectin was extracted from pomelo peel and its application was observed as carrot jam during storage. Therefore, it can be concluded that extraction of pectin from pomelo peel might be used as an alternative to commercial pectin for carrot jam preparation.