在FA496型粗纱机上实施重定量工艺的实践

为了充分发挥设备的纺纱性能,提高产品质量与生产效率,在FA496型粗纱机上实施了重定量工艺,以CJ 9.7 tex品种为例,对粗纱定量、罗拉隔距、钳口隔距、粗纱捻系数等工艺进行了优化试验.结果表明:粗纱干定量加重至4.8 g/10 m,粗纱后区牵伸倍数为1.28倍、罗拉隔距为10 mm×25 mm×30 mm、粗纱捻系数为107、钳口隔距为5.5 mm,纺纱质量好.指出在实施重定量工艺时,优化配置牵伸工艺参数是改善粗纱条干和提高成纱质量的保证.     

合理配置并粗工艺,提高成纱品质

在FA311A型并条机、TJFA458A粗纱机上进行了牵伸工艺对成纱品质影响的试验,探讨了能提高半制品条干水平、纤维伸直度及成纱品质的并条、粗纱工艺配置原则,并介绍了生产中几个常见问题的解决措施。     

并粗工序工艺优选试验

在FA311A并条机、TJFA458A型粗纱机上进行了牵伸工艺配置对成纱质量影响的试验。并条质量与成纱质量呈正相关关系，粗纱的主要作用除牵伸、加捻外，还有改善须条内部纤维伸直度及纱条结构的作用。提高半制品条干均匀度和纤维伸直度，对改善成纱质量效果显著。     

浅谈亚麻粗纱煮漂工艺与其它纺纱工艺的适应性

亚麻粗纱煮漂工艺是纺部工艺技术的核心，主要简述了该工艺与前纺配料及后纺细纱工艺的对应关系和设计粗纱煮漂工艺的一些注意事项。     

新型纺纱技术在粗纱机上的应用

为了提升产品附加值,增加企业经济效益,介绍赛络纺技术、包芯纱技术、介入纺纱技术、竹节纱技术等新型纺纱技术在粗纱机上的创新应用,并探讨在粗纱机上开发新型纱线对其运转稳定性和控制精确度方面的要求和改进方向。指出:在粗纱机上应用环锭纺纱新技术,可开发出具有独特风格的新型纱线;为适应新型纺纱在机品种多,短时间工艺调整频繁,翻改工作量大,生产环境要求差异大,产品下机量精准等问题,粗纱机应采用多电机变频控制,以确保运转稳定性和控制精确度。     

变频调速技术在粗纱机上的应用

本文论述了变频调速技术在粗纱机上的应用情况，尤其是近几年来，变频调速技术在粗纱机上的应用更加广泛，使粗纱机的使用性能更加人性化、高质化。     

D型牵伸在1271A型粗纱机上的应用

文章介绍了上海第二十二棉纺织厂在1271A型粗纱机上采用牵伸区不集束、集束区不牵伸的D型牵伸工艺的试验和效果。试验的结果是:采用该工艺后,粗纱条干CV%值比原工艺改善15%左右,细纱条干CV%值比原工艺改善0.5左右。     

自拈纺纱机的实验

为了研究自拈纺纱的工艺和评定其效果,苏联的某些纺织厂于1973年安装了一些“雷普柯”自拈纺纱机。在莫斯科的毛纺厂中用新的自拈纺纱工艺与传统的工艺进行了对比试验。纺制自拈纱和将其加工成织物的工艺过程如下:准备粗纱,在自拈纺纱机上纺制细纱,自拈纱在拈线机上复加拈度,蒸纱,在络纱机上络筒,织造。经验表明,粗纱准备工艺必须保证     

A513C型细纱机粗纱架的改装

我厂购进天津纺机厂FA401型粗纱机两台用于更新A453B型老机。由于FA401型机的粗纱成形尺寸为Φ152×400毫米,A513C型细纱机原粗纱架部分已无法适应,因此,我们对A513C型机的粗纱架进行了改装。将原有的双层四列托锭伞形顶改装为单层六列吊锭的粗纱架形式(见图1),其改装方法如下: 1.沿用机上的粗纱架托座、粗纱架支杆,为保持纱架的稳固、纱架扁铁仍需保留。     

Z303-3型经编机单条编织彩条织物

本文就如何在Z303-3型经编机上采用粗纱单条编织立体感强、织边良好的装饰用彩条织物,浅谈有关工艺选择及对设备做适应性改造方面的工艺实践体会。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the