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1.
介绍了双极膜电渗析技术在高盐废水处理领域的研究进展。对比分析了3种操作模式的优缺点,并针对离子交换膜同离子泄漏引起的酸碱产物含量较低问题,探讨了同离子泄漏机理及不同解决途径的利弊。认为\"进料-出料\"操作模式是现阶段更适用于连续化工业应用的操作模式。目前一般通过研制高性能阻酸膜减弱质子泄露、优化工艺过程及探寻产物就地利用途径等方法,解决酸碱产物含量过低造成产物难以充分利用的问题。  相似文献   

2.
夏敏  操容  叶春松  刘通  林久养 《化工进展》2018,37(7):2820-2829
双极膜电渗析(BMED)作为新型膜分离技术,可将盐转变为相应的酸和碱,围绕BMED技术在工业高含盐废水领域的应用已逐渐成为热点,但在实际应用中还存在一些亟需解决的难点。本文主要介绍了近年来BMED技术在处理工业高含盐废水领域的研究现状,提出和探讨了限制BMED技术在该领域大规模工业化应用的3个关键性问题,即与酸碱浓度和纯度有关的技术问题、与过程成本有关的技术经济性问题以及与投资成本有关的经济性问题。针对这3个问题,指出BMED技术未来发展方向应致力于降低双极膜成本,减弱或消除离子交换膜同离子泄漏及水迁移过程。对于现阶段而言,将制备的酸碱回用于系统内部,是解决酸碱品质较低而未能商品化的主要途径,同时该过程可节省酸碱外购费用,弥补BMED技术投资成本过高问题。  相似文献   

3.
    
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is a promising technique for upgrading traditional manufacturing procedures and achieving a circular economy. However, the industrial applications of BMED technology have been restricted by the large consumption of expensive bipolar membranes and the unmatching behavior between water splitting and ion migration. Herein, we proposed a novel asymmetric bipolar membrane electrodialysis (ABMED) to regulate the water splitting in the bipolar membrane and orientational ion migration in the electrodialysis (ED). It was found that the ABMED exhibited comparable performances to BMED for acid/base production when the area of the bipolar membrane was reduced to 50% of the monopolar membrane. The total process cost of ABMED was 0.78 $/kg NaOH, which is 21% lower than the BMED process. The asymmetric membrane design was capable to boost the water splitting in the bipolar membrane and to eliminate the concentration polarization in the ED process.  相似文献   

4.
高盐废水“零排放”是当今很多企业需要面临的非常严峻的环保问题,而离子膜电渗析由于其独特的分离机制能够实现高盐废水中无机盐的分离、浓缩和资源化利用,从而实现水和盐的回收利用。本文综述了离子膜电渗析目前在高盐废水“零排放”盐浓缩工艺中的应用情况;展望了电渗析在高盐高COD废水中的应用前景以及新型的电渗析技术如选择性电渗析和双极膜电渗析在混盐分离和盐的资源化利用中的机遇;同时指出离子膜电渗析在大规模应用中仍存在很多挑战,如离子膜性能的提高、电渗析工艺的优化和电渗析设备的投资成本和能耗如何降低。本文将为高盐废水“零排放”提供新思路,同时为离子膜电渗析在高盐废水“零排放”中的规模化应用奠定基础。  相似文献   

5.
    
In this study, cleaner production of N-methylglycine (NMG), N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG), and N,N,N-trimethylglycine (TMG) with similar structures but different methylate groups was performed using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED). The effects of the feed mass concentration and current density on the separation performance were intensively analysed in terms of the molecular size, molecular structure, ion concentration, and interaction between amino acids and membranes. The results indicated that the optimal recovery performance was achieved at a current density of 200 A/m2 and feed mass concentration of 6%. Under the optimal conditions, the energy consumption and current efficiencies were 2.3 kWh/kg and 78% for NMG, 2.49 kWh/kg and 69.5% for DMG, and 3.52 kWh/kg and 39.6% for TMG, respectively. It was speculated a competition for water splitting occurs between the bipolar membranes and anion exchange membranes when BMED is used for the separation and purification of large-sized bioproducts.  相似文献   

6.
采用双极膜电渗析(bipolar membrane electrodialysis,BMED)将麦草畏生产废水中的NaCl转化为HCl和NaOH回用于农药生产,实现农药废水的资源化利用。首先进行了BMED法处理单组分NaCl溶液体系的110 min间歇运行实验来探索最优操作条件,结果表明,当NaCl初始浓度为160 g/L,电流密度为70 mA/cm2,初始酸碱室浓度为0.075 mol/L时,产物HCl、NaOH的浓度能分别达到1.98 mol/L和 2.06 mol/L,且此时的电流效率较高,达到42.74%。然后考虑实际废水的COD指标主要是甲醇造成的,所以用含不同浓度甲醇的NaCl溶液模拟实际农药废水,实验结束后在酸、碱隔室中检测到少量的甲醇,表明其在BMED运行过程中存在一定程度的渗透,但未对膜堆性能造成明显影响。最后用BMED处理经过预处理后含有机物的麦草畏生产废水,发现在操作时间内膜堆性能与处理高浓度单组分NaCl溶液情况类似,证实BMED法处理麦草畏生产废水并实现资源化利用的可行性。  相似文献   

7.
The bipolar membranes were prepared by charged material of polysulfone as a base. The bipolar membranes were composed of a solvent‐resistant anion exchange layer with a crosslinking matrix prepared by the reaction of chloromethylated polysulfone in DMF with diamine, an interfacial layer made from chloromethylated polysulfone solution in DMF containing cation exchange resin and amine, and a cation exchange layer made from sulfonated polysulfone dispersing cation resin powder. The prepared bipolar membrane can exhibit lower voltage drop over 100 mA/cm2. The critical requirement for producing bipolar membranes of low potential drop is the creation of a thin interfacial region with a low electrical resistance and a suitable chemical structure, which act to catalyze water splitting. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1658–1663, 2001  相似文献   

8.
    
BACKGROUND: Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) has been widely applied in the recovery/production of organic acids and in the treatment of wastewater containing ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, sodium acetate and ammonium nitrate. However, membrane fouling is still one of the major problems in the electrodialysis process. Since calcium and amino acid are present naturally in fermentation wastewater, this study was carried out to determine the effects of calcium and amino acid on membrane fouling when simulated fermentation wastewater containing ammonium sulfate was treated by BMED. RESULTS: Calcium formed a scale on the cation exchange membrane (CEM) surface in contact with the base cell, but this had no significant adverse effect on the BMED performance. Amino acid, however, caused CEM fouling of the inner membrane, which hampered the BMED process. The coexistence of calcium and amino acid aggravated the membrane fouling, as observed morphologically on the CEM surface on the base cell side. Elemental mapping analysis showed that the membrane foulant was composed of calcium hydroxide and amino acid. CONCLUSION: The CEM fouling caused by calcium and that due to amino acid, which were distributed differently on the membrane, had different effects on the BMED performance. The coexistence of amino acid and calcium deteriorated the CEM fouling during BMED. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

9.
巯基乙酸钠是硫氨酯尾液的主要成分;因其高毒性、高盐、高化学需氧量的特点;使硫氨酯尾液成为一类极难处理的化工生产废水。通常采用萃取、过滤、酸化和蒸馏等复合工艺进行处理;但这种处理方法存在工艺复杂、成本高及可能产生二次污染等问题。为解决巯基乙酸钠废水资源化利用的难题;采用三隔室双极膜电渗析(Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis Device;BMED)装置;以巯基乙酸钠转化率、电流效率、平均膜对电压及能耗等作为评价指标;考察操作反应时间、反应温度、电流密度、膜间距对BMED资源化巯基乙酸钠废水处理过程的影响。结果表明;在反应时间为75 min、电流密度为400 A/m2、反应温度为40 ℃、膜间距为50 μm的优化运行条件下;BMED的巯基乙酸钠转化率为98.32%;电流效率达到86.01%;生产能耗为93.54 kW·h/t。该研究结果可为巯基乙酸钠废水生产巯基乙酸提供新的工艺思路。  相似文献   

10.
双极性膜电渗析技术在亚氨基二乙酸制备中的应用   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
曾小君 《精细化工》2002,19(4):204-207
报道了双极性膜电渗析取代现行工艺中亚氨基二乙酸钠转化成亚氨基二乙酸的酸化过程的研究。亚氨基二乙酸钠的转化率达 99 2 % ,亚氨基二乙酸钠溶液转化的收率达 98 5 % ,平均电流效率达 75 % ,平均耗电低于 0 80kW·h/kg亚氨基二乙酸 ,制得的亚氨基二乙酸产品的纯度≥ 99% ,达到或超过进口亚氨基二乙酸产品的质量要求  相似文献   

11.
双极膜电渗析技术的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
双极膜电渗析技术(BMED)是利用直流电场作用下双极膜界面层内发生水解离生成H+和OH-这一电化学特性,通过将双极膜与阴、阳离子交换膜适当组合,可实现不同的特种分离功能。与传统工艺相比,BMED具有高效节能、环境友好、操作便捷等突出技术优势。本文介绍了3种不同的BMED工作模型以及BMED在有机酸生产、水除盐、蛋白分离、超纯水制备等领域的最新研究进展,对BMED技术的进一步研究与发展进行了展望。  相似文献   

12.
高丽花 《河北化工》2012,35(6):32-33,53
利用两室双极膜电渗析法从硫酸铵溶液中制备硫酸。探讨了电渗析过程中的电流效率、能耗、产酸量等指标。实验结果表明,产酸量随时间的延长而增加,在恒定电流密度(0.09A.cm-2)的条件下,硫酸的电流效率达到90%,能耗为2.5~2.6kW.h.kg-1。  相似文献   

13.
双极性膜电渗析技术在酒石酸生产中的应用研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
林涛  余立新 《化学工程》2002,30(3):58-61
实验验证了二室式和三室式双极性膜电渗析法用于从酒石酸盐制备酒石酸过程的可行性。系统研究了制备过程中的电流效率、能耗、产品浓度和纯度等技术指标。结果表明 ,在酒石酸钠 (或钾 )的转化率达 97%时 ,电流效率在 80 %以上。平均电耗为 2 .31kW·h/kg(二室式 )和 7.0 4kW·h/kg (三室式 )。  相似文献   

14.
双极膜的发展和应用   总被引:27,自引:3,他引:27  
本文简述了双极膜技术在当今电渗析技术中的地位、发展状态及双极膜水解离的原理。总结了双极膜的制备方法,例举了双极膜水离解技术在诸多方面的应用。  相似文献   

15.
针对原有的双极膜装置制碱的电流效率过低、碱浓度低、能耗过高等缺点,采用自主研制的BPM2型双极膜装置进行硫酸钠制碱的研究。所用的工业化双极膜装置采用的膜尺寸为400 mm×800 mm,共60组,3隔室,有效膜面积为15 m2,产碱能力为100 t/a。双极膜采用国产膜,单极膜采用专用阻酸阻碱膜,电流密度为600 A/m2(150 A)。对电流效率、转化率、能耗、酸碱浓度、制酸碱成本进行了研究与讨论。结果表明,由于膜性能的提高与双极膜装置的改进,电流效率提高至70%以上,碱浓度提高至70 g/L、制碱能耗大幅降低至1 800 kWh/t以下,为进一步硫酸钠制碱的大型工业化生产打下基础。  相似文献   

16.
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis is applied to CO2 recovery from alkaline carbonate solution. CO2 in flue gas is captured by an alkaline hydroxide absorbing solution to form an alkaline carbonate solution. The captured CO2 is recovered from the alkaline carbonate solution via bipolar membrane electrodialysis, and the alkaline solution is regenerated simultaneously. To reduce the power requirement for CO2 recovery, this study considers optimal design and operation. Three membrane arrangements were compared, and the results indicate the membrane arrangement comprising a bipolar membrane and cation exchange membrane is the most energy saving. With further optimization of operation conditions, the minimum power requirement for CO2 recovery was reduced to 2.1 MJ/kg‐CO2 (or 2.1 GJ/t‐CO2). © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009  相似文献   

17.
双极膜电渗析脱除苏氨酸母液中硫酸盐   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用三室双极膜电渗析脱除苏氨酸母液中硫酸盐,探讨连续操作对电渗析器性能变化的影响,并测定连续实验前后离子交换膜的面电阻,考察膜污染情况. 结果表明,苏氨酸母液中盐转化率达97%,酸室中得到0.50 mol/L的H+,碱室中得到0.53 mol/L的OH-,以阳离子计算的电流效率为60.33%,能耗为229.37 kW×h/kmol;随批次增加、操作时间延长,单位膜通量能耗和膜堆平均电阻增大,电流效率和膜通量减小,电渗析器性能下降;连续操作后,阴膜面电阻较使用前增加1.77 Ω×cm2,升高44.8%,双极膜面电阻增加0.91 Ω×cm2,升高19.5%,离子交换膜被污染.  相似文献   

18.
双极性膜电渗析法制备牛磺酸   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
余立新  苏静  林涛 《河南化工》2002,(2):15-16,44
用两室式双极性膜电渗析法实现了从牛磺酸钠盐到牛磺酸的实验室制备,使用8%-16%的牛磺酸钠盐水溶液作为原料,经双极性膜电渗析转化和冷却结晶后,可以得到纯度为96%以上的牛磺酸结晶以及10%以上的粗氢氧化钠溶液,对于粗品牛磺酸钠盐水溶液的双极性膜电渗析转化过程,电流效率在50%以上,电耗为2kW·h/(kg牛磺酸)。  相似文献   

19.
    
Hybrid forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD) system have been considered as a promising technology for wastewater treatment. In the current study, initial and modified porous FO membranes are fabricated, and the intrinsic membrane separation properties are also investigated. Polyacrylic acid sodium (PAAS), sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are used to evaluate the effects of draw solution (DS) in FO experiments. Particularly, alkali treated modified porous FO membrane and PAAS are utilized in the subsequent wastewater treatment owing to the high performance of permeation and rejection. Furthermore, the optimal values of operating parameters (flow velocity, DS concentration and DS temperature), which are selected according to the effects of water flux (JV) in the FO and MD process, are evaluated and utilized to investigate the dynamic changes of JV in the high-salinity organic wastewater treatment with hybrid FO-MD system. Results show that the hybrid FO-MD system with porous FO membranes and polyelectrolyte DS maintain the operation in a constant flux of 16.61 LMH, and the permeate solution can be effectively recovered with favorable quality. This study provides remarkable implications for the design of porous FO membranes and the application of hybrid FO-MD system in the wastewater treatment.  相似文献   

20.
刘红梅 《河南化工》2002,(11):9-11,26
研究了利用双极性膜电渗析法制备硅溶胶的工艺过程 ,对滴加浓硅酸钠溶液、恒电流密度操作过程中 ,膜单元电位降、膜电位的变化情况进行了探讨 ,并提出恒电位的操作方法。在恒电位操作过程中 ,控制体系的pH值为 9.5、膜单元电位降Vu=4.5V ,则最大操作电流密度可达 15 0mA·cm- 2 ,实验条件的平均电流效率在 78%~ 90 %之间。所制备的产品硅溶胶稳定性在半年以上 ,平均粒径为 5~ 16nm ,粘度在 1× 10 - 3~ 8× 10 - 3Pa·s之间  相似文献   

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