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1.
韩忠祥  张彦青 《广州化工》2011,39(18):68-69,171
在固定流化床装置上进行了直馏石脑油在庆阳平衡剂上的催化裂解反应实验,考察了反应温度和剂油比对石脑油转化率、族组成和不同烃类转化率的影响,结果表明:随反应温度和剂油比的增加,石脑油转化率逐渐增大,但总体转化率较低。反应后的汽油中芳烃含量大幅提高,环烷烃含量大幅下降。在相同的反应条件下,直馏石脑油中各组分的反应转化率为环烷烃〉异构烷烃〉正构烷烃。  相似文献   

2.
石脑油催化裂解制低碳烯烃动力学   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据石脑油催化裂解的反应体系和集总理论,建立6集总动力学模型,采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法求解ZSM-5分子筛催化剂作用下的石脑油催化裂解动力学参数。结果表明,丙烯收率大大高于乙烯收率,丙烯与乙烯的质量比为1.0~2.0,明显高于传统的石脑油水蒸气裂解工艺,各集总的反应活化能均大于100 kJ/mol。通过对模型进行检验,发现模型计算值与实验值之间的误差均小于15%,表明该动力学模型能较好地预测石脑油催化裂解制低碳烯烃反应。  相似文献   

3.
催化裂解与传统的高温蒸汽裂解相比,通过催化剂降低催化裂解反应活化能和反应温度,除生产乙烯、丙烯和丁烯等主要化工原料外,还副产一定量的轻质芳烃。分析催化裂解石脑油,结果表明,催化裂解石脑油主要为C5~C9馏分,芳烃质量分数62.97%,苯、甲苯和二甲苯质量分数54.38%,与全馏分裂解汽油相当,是优质的抽提芳烃原料。提出对原料进行预处理后,经两段加氢、产品抽提芳烃的利用路线,并在试验室采用切割塔及等温床完成对原料的预处理,制取满足两段加氢要求的原料。在一段入口温度(45~55) ℃、反应压力2.8 MPa、氢油体积比100∶1、液时空速1.5 h-1和二段入口温度(250~255) ℃、反应压力2.8 MPa、氢油体积比600∶1和液时空速1.5 h-1条件下,对一段和二段进行1 000 h的加氢评价试验,结果表明,一段加氢后产品双烯值均<2.5 g-I·(100g油)-1,二段加氢产品溴价<1.0 g-Br·(100g油)-1,硫含量<1.0 μg·g-1,满足芳烃抽提对原料烯烃及硫含量的要求。  相似文献   

4.
Samples of four types of wood and pure cellulose, both untreated and impregnated with salt (Na2CO3, K2CO3, NaCl, KC1), were pyrolysed. Two experimental systems with different geometries and secondary reaction patterns were used, viz. a McBain thermogravimetric balance and a Gray-King retort. The substrates were pyrolysed under a stream of nitrogen in the thermobalance and in some of the Gray-King runs, using a modified retort. Salt impregnation was found to modify weight loss rates and to increase the charcoal yield in the presence of an inert carrier gas in both experimental systems. Longer residence times of volatiles in the hot zone gave rise to larger charcoal yields from untreated substrates. However, long residence times of volatile matter over Na2CO3-impregnated cellulose were found to be detrimental to char formation. These results indicate that primary volatiles may undergo secondary reactions through competitive pathways, either polymerizing to form char or cracking to form lighter volatiles. Long residence times of light volatiles appear to enhance the latter pathway in the presence of Na2CO3.  相似文献   

5.
《云南化工》2019,(10):46-47
加氢石脑油作为催化裂化装置急冷油进入提升管进行回炼,对回炼加氢石脑油期间产品分布和产品性质有较为明显的影响。干气、液化气和柴油收率明显下降,汽油收率明显升高,汽油辛烷值和芳烃含量也呈下降趋势,稳定汽油有效烯烃含量明显降低,对醚化反应操作有较大的影响。通过分析催化裂化装置回炼加氢石脑油对产品分布和产品性质的影响,为未来生产调整提供数据参考。  相似文献   

6.
随着环保法规的日益严格和成品油质量标准的持续升级,对催化裂化/裂解过程的产品要求和控制逐渐精细到分子级别,可靠的分子尺度反应动力学模型是实现催化裂化/裂解过程分子管理的关键所在。本文简述了催化裂化/裂解的反应机理和反应类型,回顾了近三十年来不同方法对催化裂化/裂解过程反应网络和分子尺度反应动力学模型构建的研究进展。重点对不同模型构建技术的优缺点进行了详细的对比分析,指出了催化裂化/裂解过程分子尺度反应动力学模型构建的研究方向:开发更为精细的石油分子分析表征技术,构建与催化剂失活和反应器模型相结合的分子尺度反应动力学模型,实现基于分子管理的催化裂化/裂解过程反应器设计和工艺工程放大。此外,指出建立对分子集构建、反应网络构建和动力学参数求解的集成化平台是分子尺度反应动力学发展的必然趋势。  相似文献   

7.
大庆常压催化裂解动力学研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Catalytic pyrolysis of Daqing atmospheric residue on catalyst CEP-1 was investigated in a confined fluidized bed reactor. The results show that reaction temperature, the mass ratios of catalyst to oil and steam to oil have significant effects on product distribution and yields of light olefins. The yields of light olefins show the maxima with the increase of reaction temperature, the mass ratios of catalyst to oil and steam to oil, respectively. The optimized operating conditions were determined in the laboratory, and under that condition the yields of ethylene, propylene and total light olefins by mass were 15.9%, 20.7% and 44.3% respectively. The analysis of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid indicates that CEP-1 has good capacity of converting heavy oils into light olefins, and there is a large amount of aromatics in pyrolysis liquid.  相似文献   

8.
Pyrolysis of naphtha in uniform diameter and swaged reactors has been modeled. Pyrolysis and coking models available for naphtha cracking were used to calculate the reactor profiles of pressure, process gas temperature, tube metal temperature, conversion and the product yields. For the swaged coil, not only was the inlet pressure and maximum tube wall temperature in the clean condition lower than for a uniform diameter reactor, but the increase in the inlet pressure and maximum tube wall temperature due to coke deposition was also less. Swaging the reactor can result in a significant increase in the run length between decokings.  相似文献   

9.
根据热力学理论,通过产物和反应物的生成焓计算了催化裂化汽油在降烯烃改质以及催化裂解过程中的反应热,并根据不同反应过程的实验结果考察了反应温度、停留时间和剂油比对反应热的影响。计算结果表明,催化裂化汽油降烯烃改质和催化裂解过程都是吸热反应体系,降烯烃改质过程的反应热为80~150 kJ·kg-1,催化裂解过程的反应热为370~620 kJ·kg-1;反应条件对反应热的影响通过改变反应物的转化率和产物分布实现。在实验条件范围内,随着反应温度的升高、剂油比的增大和停留时间的延长,反应热逐渐增大;当剂油比增大到一定程度时,反应热随剂油比的增加趋势变缓。  相似文献   

10.
殷敏  王熹 《广州化工》2014,(12):199-200
乌石化炼油厂加氢裂化装置主要产品是柴油、重石脑油,副产品是轻石脑油、液化气、干气、低分气,轻石脑油属于加氢裂化副产品。本文就降低轻石脑油收率在加氢裂化装置中的应用进行分析和探讨,为进一步提高产品收益最大化提供一定的生产依据。  相似文献   

11.
Rates of coke formation during steam pyrolysis of naphtha have been investigated in a jet-stirred reactor both for sodium silicate coated and uncoated Inconel 600 surfaces in the temperature range of 1078–1108 K. Coke formation rates were significantly reduced on sodium silicate coated plates due to the passivation of the metal surface. However, the coking rates gradually increased with successive decokings of the coated surface.  相似文献   

12.
大庆常压渣油催化裂解反应规律研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
采用小型固定流化床实验装置,以大庆常压渣油为原料,针对Ca-Al裂解催化剂,详细分析了催化裂解气体产品和液体产品的组成,考察了反应温度、剂油比、水油比和停留时间对裂解产物分布的影响。发现各操作条件对大庆常渣催化裂解产物分布具有不同程度的影响,其中反应温度的影响最大;随反应温度的升高,乙烯产率单调增加,而丙烯、丁烯和总低碳烯烃产率均存在一个最大值。在优化的操作条件下,乙烯质量产率可达25%,总低碳烯烃质量产率超过50%。  相似文献   

13.
The effect of benzene or thiophene addition to the feed on the rates of coke formation during naphtha pyrolysis has been investigated in a jet-stirred reactor at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 1073-1103 K. In addition, the effect of temperature, space time, weight ratio of steam to naphtha and the material of construction on the rate of coke deposition was also studied. The rate of coke formation increased as the temperature, space time and aromatic content of the feed was increased whereas it decreased with an increase in the weight ratio of steam to naphtha or the thiophene content of the feed. Addition of thiophene increased the rate of naphtha pyrolysis and significantly reduced the aromatic yields. Rates of coke formation for both thiophene-free and thiophene-containing naphtha could be modeled by power law expressions involving the aromatics.  相似文献   

14.
宋岩  杨清彪  李耀先 《应用化工》2011,(9):1585-1588
以二乙胺和丙烯酸甲酯为原料,经双键保护、催化胺解、催化热裂解、减压精馏等过程制得N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(DEAA)。考察了反应温度、反应时间、原材料配比对反应结果的影响。实验表明,对于加成反应过程,催化剂用量10%,反应时间12 h,反应温度55℃,甲醇与丙烯酸甲酯的配比为2.5∶1,丙烯酸甲酯的转化率为95.1%,产品收率为93.9%;催化胺解过程:催化剂用量2%,反应时间4 h,反应温度100℃,二乙胺与甲氧基丙酸甲酯的配比为1.15∶1,甲氧基丙酸甲酯的转化率为96.9%,产品收率为92.9%;催化裂解过程,反应时间为3 h,溶剂用量为78%左右,N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺的收率≥79%,产品总收率≥72%。  相似文献   

15.
王小蓉 《广州化工》2014,(18):38-39
介绍了石脑油催化加氢处理和加氢裂化工艺技术,重点介绍了石脑油加氢裂化技术,包括单段加氢裂化工艺、两段加氢裂化工艺、单段串联工艺;描述了国内外石脑油催化加氢催化剂的种类、研究和开发,国外以UOP和Chevron公司为代表,国内以抚顺石油化工研究院(FRIPP)为代表;探讨了石脑油催化加氢工艺现存问题—石脑油加氢反应器降压升高的原因及目前根据实际工艺情况可采取的部分解决方案。  相似文献   

16.
对以石油路线生产低碳烯烃的催化裂解工艺进行了综述。催化裂解结合了传统蒸汽裂解和流化催化裂化的优势,表现出良好的原料适应性和较高的低碳烯烃产率,针对不同的石油裂解原料已经开展了相应工艺技术的研究。本文总结了目前催化裂解制低碳烯烃技术的研究进展,指出ZSM-5分子筛催化剂、热力学平衡限制和动力学反应条件是催化裂解反应过程中的重要影响因素和研究内容。催化剂研究仍是催化裂解工艺开发的重点,而热力学和动力学是研究反应规律的有效方法,这是今后实现石油烃类定向转化的研究方向。  相似文献   

17.
以 SL-Ⅱ型乙烯裂解炉反应管为对象,结合烯烃厂裂解工艺参数,对管内石脑油裂解反应过程进行了模拟研究。裂解反应模型采用 Kumar 提出的分子反应模型,模拟得到了管内油气流速、温度、裂解产物的变化规律。结果表明,近壁层流层的存在使得管内油气径向速度、温度梯度较大,二维管内模型可以更全面地描述裂解反应过程。模拟得到的裂解产物收率与裂解炉的生产运行数据进行了比较,两者基本一致,验证了裂解反应模型的合理性。  相似文献   

18.
大庆重石脑油蒸汽热裂解集总动力学模型   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
张红梅  尹云华  徐春明  高金森 《化工学报》2009,60(11):2743-2748
通过对自建小型裂解装置实验数据的分析,建立了大庆重石脑油蒸汽热裂解反应8集总动力学物理模型,并用Matlab语言对Marquardt++ 法进行编程求取了该物理模型的动力学参数。通过对模型计算值与实验值的相对误差分析表明:原料集总因分得较少,相对误差较大,约为10%,但主要产品产率的最大相对误差不超过7%,其中乙烯产率的平均相对误差为1.62%,说明所建模型较好地反映了大庆重石脑油蒸汽裂解反应规律,可以较好地预测主要产品分布。  相似文献   

19.
    
Renewable and sustainable energy production has gained significant attention to meet sustainable development goals (SDGs). Pine needles, an abundant typical forestry residue, can be used as a renewable biomass source for sustainable energy production. Pyrolysis is a well-established and commercialized technique for the thermochemical valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. The present work focuses on improving the bio-oil yield by introducing SiO2-Al2O3-based catalysts, including different zeolites and SiO2-Al2O3 materials with varying SiO2-Al2O3 ratios, during the pyrolysis. Bio-oil yield increased from 45.2 wt.% to 47.2 wt.% with the introduction of SiO2-Al2O3 catalysts and increased to 51.2 wt.% and 50.6 wt.% with HZSM-5 and Y-zeolite, respectively, and decreased to 40.0 wt.% with β-zeolite catalyst. The pyrolysis experiments of physically mixed biomass and catalyst were carried out in a fixed-bed down-flow reactor. Various process parameters such as temperature, retention time, and catalyst-to-biomass ratio were examined to evaluate their effect on product yield. The catalyst's introduction slightly decreased phenolic compound content, enhancing carbonyl and hydrocarbon production. Maximum improvement in bio-oil yield by 6 wt.% was achieved using an H-ZSM-5 catalyst at 450°C temperature and 30 min residence time with a catalyst-to-biomass ratio of 1:4.  相似文献   

20.
综述了石脑油制备乙烯技术的国内外研究进展,介绍了目前有代表性的研究成果以及催化裂解所用催化剂的研究进展,并对乙烯利备技术的开发前景进行了探讨。  相似文献   

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