An efficient three-party authenticated key exchange protocol using elliptic curve cryptography for mobile-commerce environments

For secure communications in public network environments, various three-party authenticated key exchange (3PAKE) protocols are proposed to provide the transaction confidentiality and efficiency. In 2008, Chen et al. proposed a round-efficient 3PAKE protocol to provide the computation and communication efficiency for user authentication and session key exchange. However, we discover that the computation costs and communication loads of their protocol are still high so that it cannot be applied to mobile communications. Therefore, we propose an efficient three-party authenticated key exchange protocol based upon elliptic curve cryptography for mobile-commerce environments. Because the elliptic curve cryptography is used, the proposed 3PAKE protocol has low computation costs and light communication loads. Compared with Chen et al.’s protocol, the proposed protocol is more suitable and practical for mobile-commerce environments.     

An anonymous two-factor authenticated key agreement scheme for session initiation protocol using elliptic curve cryptography

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol widely applied in the world of multimedia communication. Numerous SIP authenticated key agreement schemes have been proposed with the purpose of ensuring security communication. Farash recently put forward an enhancement employing smart cards counted on Zhang et al.’s scheme. In this study, we observe that the enhanced scheme presented by Farash has also some security pitfalls, such as disclosure of user identity, lack of a pre-authentication in the smart card and vulnerability to key-compromise masquerading attack which results in an off-line guessing attack. We then propose an anonymous modified scheme with elliptic curve cryptography to eliminate the security leakages of the scheme proposed by Farash. We demonstrate that our scheme is immune to different kinds of attacks including attacks involved in Farash’s scheme. We mention Burrows-Abadi-Needham logic for completeness of the proposed scheme. Also, we compare the performance of our scheme with its predecessor schemes and the comparative results shows that it perfectly satisfies the needs of SIP.     

Efficient and secure three-party authenticated key exchange protocol for mobile environments

Yang and Chang (2009) proposed a three-party authenticated key exchange protocol for securing communications in mobile-commerce environments. Their protocol reduces computation and communication costs by employing elliptic curve cryptosystems. However, Tan (2010) pointed out that Yang and Chang (2009)’s protocol cannot withstand impersonation and parallel attacks, and further proposed an enhanced protocol to resist these attacks. This paper demonstrates that Tan (2010)’s approach still suffers from impersonation attacks, and presents an efficient and secure three-party authenticated key exchange protocol to overcome shown weaknesses.     

A secure and efficient ECC-based user anonymity-preserving session initiation authentication protocol using smart card

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling communications protocol, which has been chosen for controlling multimedia communication in 3G mobile networks. The proposed authentication in SIP is HTTP digest based authentication. Recently, Tu et al. presented an improvement of Zhang et al.’s smart card-based authenticated key agreement protocol for SIP. Their scheme efficiently resists password guessing attack. However, in this paper, we analyze the security of Tu et al.’s scheme and demonstrate their scheme is still vulnerable to user’s impersonation attack, server spoofing attack and man-in-the middle attack. We aim to propose an efficient improvement on Tu et al.’s scheme to overcome the weaknesses of their scheme, while retaining the original merits of their scheme. Through the rigorous informal and formal security analysis, we show that our scheme is secure against various known attacks including the attacks found in Tu et al.’s scheme. Furthermore, we simulate our scheme for the formal security analysis using the widely-accepted AVISPA (Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications) tool and show that our scheme is secure against passive and active attacks including the replay and man-in-the-middle attacks. Additionally, the proposed scheme is comparable in terms of the communication and computational overheads with Tu et al.’s scheme and other related existing schemes.     

异构无线传感器网络的密钥管理方案

本文针对无线传感器网络能量和计算能力等局限性问题,提出了一种基于分簇结构的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案。该方案采用椭圆曲线的双线性对加密技术对节点的身份进行认证,通过验证节点的合法性来抵抗非法节点的攻击。     

对TAKASIP协议的分析和改进

会话初始化协议(SIP)提供了认证和协商会话密钥,能保证后续会话的安全。2010年,Yoon等(YOON E-J,YOO K-Y.A three-factor authenticated key agreement scheme for SIP on elliptic curves.NSS'10:4th International Conference on Network and System Security.Piscataway:IEEE,2010:334-339)提出一种新的三要素SIP认证密钥协商协议TAKASIP。但TAKASIP协议不能抵抗内部攻击、服务器伪装攻击、离线口令猜测攻击、身份冒充攻击和丢失标记攻击,并且没有提供双向认证。在TAKASIP协议基础上提出一种基于椭圆曲线密码三要素SIP认证协议ETAKASIP以解决上述问题。ETAKASIP基于椭圆曲线离散对数难题和椭圆曲线密码系统,提供了高安全性。该协议只需7次椭圆曲线点乘运算、1次椭圆曲线加法运算和最高6次哈希运算,有较高的运算效率。     

EC2C-PAKA: An efficient client-to-client password-authenticated key agreement

Most password-authenticated key agreement schemes described in the literature have focused on authenticated key agreement using a shared password between a client and a server. With rapid changes in the modern communication environment such as ad hoc networks and ubiquitous computing, it is necessary to construct a secure end-to-end channel between clients. This paradigm is a quite different paradigm from the existing ones.In this paper, we study client-to-client password-authenticated key agreement (C2C-PAKA) enabling two clients in different realms to agree on a common session key using different passwords. Byun et al. first presented a C2C-PAKA protocol under the cross-realm setting. However, the scheme was not formally treated, and subsequently found to be flawed. In addition, in this scheme, there is still opportunity for improvements both in the computation and communication aspects. We provide formal treatments for the C2C-PAKA protocol by using Bellare et al.’s security model. We also suggest an efficientC2C-PAKA protocol and prove that the protocol is secure under the decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption in the ideal cipher and random oracle models.     

Aydos等基于椭圆曲线密码学无线认证协议的安全性

最近,Aydos等人提出了基于椭圆曲线密码学的无线认证协议．该协议使用了椭圆曲线数字签名算法和Diffie—Hellman密钥交换方案提供相互认证并协商会话密钥用于随后的通信。Mangipudi等人指出该协议对于来自系统内部攻击者的中间人攻击是脆弱的．进一步证明Aydos等人的协议对于来自任何攻击者的中间人攻击都是脆弱的,而不仅限于内部攻击者．最后,分析了Aydos等人的协议受到攻击的原因和其他一些安全缺陷．     

A secure and efficient certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for smart healthcare

As more and more important smart healthcare becomes in people’s daily life, its security issues draw increasing attention. It is stringent to design trusty communication protocol guaranteeing the data security and users privacy. Recently, Wang et al. proposed a certificateless authenticated key agreement (CL-AKA) protocol such that providing a resolution to transmit unforged data over open channel in smart healthcare. Claiming that their protocol could resist attacks from two types of adversaries, Wang et al. also compared their protocol with several related works. However, in this paper, we analyze their protocol and point out that the protocol lacks forward security. Moreover, aiming at remedying such defects, this paper proposes an improved CL-AKA protocol. Not only does the improved CL-AKA protocol satisfy the security requirements but also behaves efficient compared with other related works.     

一种基于身份的密钥协商协议安全分析与改进

认证密钥协商是保证参与者后续通信安全的一种重要机制。2007年,J.Oh等人提出了一种新的利用椭圆曲线密码体制的基于身份的认证密钥协商协议,该协议最大的特点是可以通过一次会话密钥协商过程生成两个会话密钥。但研究发现,该协议不能抵抗基本的冒充攻击和密钥泄露冒充攻击,详细地描述了这两个安全弱点后提出了一种新的改进方法,并分析了新协议的安全性。     

鲁棒且高效的远程认证及密钥协商协议

由于口令容易记忆,基于口令的认证协议已被广泛采用于各种网络服务中。然而由于口令的低熵性导致了基于口令的认证协议易遭受到各种攻击。2011年,Islam等(ISLAM SK H, BISWAS G P. Improved remote login scheme based on ECC. IEEE-International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, 2011： 1221-1226)提出一种改进的基于椭圆曲线的远程登录协议,该协议存在着被盗校验子攻击和客户身份冒充攻击,同时并未能提供双向认证。为了解决此类问题提出了一种基于椭圆曲线的远程认证和密钥协商协议(RAKA),RAKA基于椭圆曲线离散对数难题,在执行过程中只需做6次点乘运算和7次哈希运算,比Islam等协议少用1次点乘运算,协议效率提高约15%,是一种比Islam等协议更安全、高效的协议。     

A secure and efficient authenticated encryption for electronic payment systems using elliptic curve cryptography

The use of e-payment system for electronic trade is on its way to make daily life more easy and convenient. Contrarily, there are a number of security issues to be addressed, user anonymity and fair exchange have become important concerns along with authentication, confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation. In a number of existing e-payment schemes, the customer pays for the product before acquiring it. Furthermore, many such schemes require very high computation and communication costs. To address such issues recently Yang et al. proposed an authenticated encryption scheme and an e-payment scheme based on their authenticated encryption. They excluded the need of digital signatures for authentication. Further they claimed their schemes to resist replay, man-in-middle, impersonation and identity theft attack while providing confidentiality, authenticity, integrity and privacy protection. However our analysis exposed that Yang et al.’s both authenticated encryption scheme and e-payment system are vulnerable to impersonation attack. An adversary just having knowledge of public parameters can easily masquerade as a legal user. Furthermore, we proposed improved authenticated encryption and e-payment schemes to overcome weaknesses of Yang et al.’s schemes. We prove the security of our schemes using automated tool ProVerif. The improved schemes are more robust and more lightweight than Yang et al.’s schemes which is evident from security and performance analysis.     

一种基于身份的三方认证密钥交换协议

为了确保公共网络环境的安全通信,一种三方认证密钥交换协议得到了广泛关注。2009年,Yang等提出了一个基于椭圆曲线密码的移动电子商务环境下的有效的三方认证密钥交换协议,然而Tan指出Yang等的协议会遭受假冒攻击,1h随后提出了一种改进协议。但是,Nose指出Tm的协议不能抵抗假冒攻击和中间人攻击。为了提高安全性,作者提出了一个新的三方认证密钥交换协议。     

An enhanced authenticated key agreement protocol for wireless mobile communication

With the rapid progress of wireless mobile communication, the authenticated key agreement protocol has attracted an increasing amount of attention. However, due to the limitations of bandwidth and storage of the mobile devices, most of the existing authenticated key agreement protocols are not suitable for wireless mobile communication. Quite recently, Sui et al. have presented an efficient authenticated key agreement protocol based on elliptic curves cryptography and included their protocol in 3GPP2 specifications to improve the security of A-Key distribution. However, in this paper, we show that Sui et al.'s protocol can't resist the off-line password guessing attack, and therefore present an enhanced authenticated key agreement protocol. At the same time, we also consider including our enhanced protocol in 3GPP2 specifications.     

New robust biometrics-based mutual authentication scheme with key agreement using elliptic curve cryptography

In this work, we demonstrate that Chaudhry et al.’s recent biometrics-based three factor authentication scheme is vulnerable to the denial of service attack, and it also fails to provide perfect forward secrecy because it only uses the lightweight symmetric key primitives to ensure security. To enhance the information security, this article presents a new robust biometrics-based mutual authentication scheme using elliptic curve cryptography for client-server architecture based applications in mobile environment. The proposed scheme supports session key agreement and flawless mutual authentication of participants, which is proved under the BAN logic. Moreover, the proposed scheme provides prefect security attributes and resists all known attacks, and it has perfect performance in communication cost. Thereby, the proposed scheme is more suitable for client-server architecture based applications.     

基于仲裁的SM9标识加密算法

SM9-IBE是我国于2016年发布的标识加密算法行业标准.标识加密算法以用户的标识(如邮件地址、身份证号等)作为公钥,从而降低系统管理用户密钥的复杂性.然而,标识加密算法的密钥撤销和更新问题却变得更加困难.此外,SM9算法的结构特殊使得已有技术无法完全适用于该算法.为此,本文提出一种基于仲裁的SM9标识加密算法,可快...     

基于ECC的高效可认证组密钥协商协议

基于椭圆曲线密码体制(ECC)，建立了一个高效可认证的组密钥协商协议。该方案具有如下特点：(1)协议仅需要两轮交互，就可以实现组密钥协商; (2)利用类ElGamal密码系统，无需使用密钥分享技术，因此减轻了各参与方的计算量与通信负担; (3) 协议能够抵抗自适应选择消息攻击。     

两个安全的无证书三方认证密钥协商协议

针对李、贾的两个无证书三方协议,分别构造具体攻击算法证明方案均有安全缺陷,进一步提出了新的三方认证密钥协商协议并进行分析;由于该协议计算效率的局限性,同时在考虑内部人攻击的情况下采用Schnnor签名提出第二个协议。与同类协议相比,两协议均具有安全性优势,满足完美前向安全、已知会话密钥安全、抗密钥泄露伪装安全和抗临时密钥泄露安全等属性,避免了证书管理和密钥托管的缺陷;协议1与2相比,前者通信成本较低并实现了可证安全,后者计算效率更高且抗内部人攻击,均适用于电子商务、手机漫游或电子会议三方交互应用场景。     

一种基于双线性配对的移动通信认证组密钥协商方案

针对移动通信网络中的安全群组通信需求特点,通过引入基于椭圆曲线密码体制的双线性配对,提出一个高效的认证组密钥协商方案.同时,基于双线性计算性Diffie-Hellman困难问题假设(BCDHP)和双线性离散对数困难问题假设(BDLP)证明了该方案是安全的,能够抵抗恶意节点的身份假冒攻击和同谋破解攻击,具备完美的前向隐私性和后向隐私性,存储、通信和计算开销都比较小,非常适合于终端资源有限的移动通信网络.     

椭圆曲线上具有信息恢复的签名方案的研究

基于椭圆曲线的数字签名系统设计是目前数字签名系统设计的热点之一。论文在椭圆曲线上设计出自我鉴定公钥来建立一个新的数字签名方案,该方案利用用户标识和公钥就可以在通过签名恢复信息的同时又具备认证功能。并在此基础上提出两个扩展方案:一个满足了认证加密、恢复明文的功能;另一个则是第二个方案在处理大信息时的推广。