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1.
    
The development of science and technology has led to the era of Industry 4.0. The core concept is the combination of “material and informationization”. In the supply chain and manufacturing process, the “material” of the physical entity world is realized by data, identity, intelligence, and information. Industry 4.0 is a disruptive transformation and upgrade of intelligent industrialization based on the Internet-of-Things and Big Data in traditional industrialization. The goal is “maximizing production efficiency, minimizing production costs, and maximizing the individual needs of human beings for products and services.” Achieving this goal will surely bring about a major leap in the history of the industry, which will lead to the “Fourth Industrial Revolution.” This paper presents a detailed discussion of industrial big data, strategic roles, architectures, characteristics, and four types of innovative business models that can generate profits for enterprises. The key revolutionary aspect of Industry 4.0 is explained, which is the equipment revolution. Six important attributes of equipment are explained under the Industry 4.0 perspective.  相似文献   

2.
朱永利  石鑫  王刘旺 《发电技术》2018,39(3):204-6649
大数据驱动下的新一代人工智能由传统知识表示转向深度、自主知识学习,不再需要人的过多干预,展现出了更加智能的一面。近年来,深度学习成为人工智能研究热点。该文重点介绍了深度学习的特点、原理及其在电力系统中的应用研究现状,分析了新一代智能方法研究趋势及在应用过程中存在的问题,并提供了基于分布式机器学习和增量学习的解决方法,旨在为相关研究工作者提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
    
Cyber–physical systems (CPS) are intended to facilitate the tight coupling of the cyber and physical worlds. Their potential for enhancing the delivery and management of constructed facilities is now becoming understood. In these systems, it is vital to ensure bi-directional consistency between construction components and their digital replicas. This paper introduces the key features of CPS and describes why they are ideally suited for addressing a number of problems in the delivery of construction projects. It draws on examples of research prototypes developed using surveys, field experiments, and prototyping methodologies, to outline the key features and benefits of CPS for construction applications and the approach to their development. In addition, it outlines the lessons learned from developing various systems for the design, construction and management of constructed facilities, which include building component placement and tracking, temporary structures monitoring, and mobile crane safety. The paper concludes that the construction industry stands to reap numerous benefits from the adoption of CPS. It states that the future direction of CPS in construction will be driven by technological developments and the extent to which CPS is deployed in new application areas.  相似文献   

4.
    
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has become a promising candidate for wearable energy harvesting and self-powered sensing systems. However, processing large amounts of data imposes a computing power barrier for practical application. Machine learning-assisted self-powered sensors based on TENG have been widely used in data-driven applications due to their excellent characteristics such as no additional power supply, high sensing accuracy, low cost, and good biocompatibility. This work comprehensively reviews the latest progress in machine learning (ML)-assisted TENG-based sensors. The future challenges and opportunities are discussed. First, the fundamental principles including the working mode of ML-assisted TENG-based sensor and common algorithms are systematically and comprehensively illustrated, which emphasizes the algorithm definition and principle. Subsequently, the progress of ML methods in the field of TENG-based sensors is further reviewed, summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms in practical examples, and providing guidance and suggestions on how to choose the appropriate methods. Finally, the prospects and challenges of ML-assisted TENG-based sensors is summarized. Directions and important insights for the future development of TENG and AI integration is provided.  相似文献   

5.
    
Trends toward the globalization of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demands for small-batch, short-cycle, and highly customized products result in complexities and fluctuations in both external and internal manufacturing environments, which poses great challenges to manufacturing enterprises. Fortunately, recent advances in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and the widespread use of embedded processors and sensors in factories enable collecting real-time manufacturing status data and building cyber–physical systems for smart, flexible, and resilient manufacturing systems. In this context, this paper investigates the mechanisms and methodology of self-organization and self-adaption to tackle exceptions and disturbances in discrete manufacturing processes. Specifically, a general model of smart manufacturing complex networks is constructed using scale-free networks to interconnect heterogeneous manufacturing resources represented by network vertices at multiple levels. Moreover, the capabilities of physical manufacturing resources are encapsulated into virtual manufacturing services using cloud technology, which can be added to or removed from the networks in a plug-and-play manner. Materials, information, and financial assets are passed through interactive links across the networks. Subsequently, analytical target cascading is used to formulate the processes of self-organizing optimal configuration and self-adaptive collaborative control for multilevel key manufacturing resources while particle swarm optimization is used to solve local problems on network vertices. Consequently, an industrial case based on a Chinese engine factory demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model and method in handling typical exceptions. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism and method outperform the event-triggered rescheduling method, reducing manufacturing cost, manufacturing time, waiting time, and energy consumption, with reasonable computational time. This work potentially enables managers and practitioners to implement active perception, active response, self-organization, and self-adaption solutions in discrete manufacturing enterprises.  相似文献   

6.
    
The technological advancements of recent years have increased the complexity of manufacturing systems, and the ongoing transformation to Industry 4.0 will further aggravate the situation. This is leading to a point where existing systems on the factory floor get outdated, increasing the gap between existing technologies and state-of-the-art systems, making them incompatible. This paper presents an event-based data pipeline architecture, that can be applied to legacy systems as well as new state-of-the-art systems, to collect data from the factory floor. In the presented architecture, actions executed by the resources are converted to event streams, which are then transformed into an abstraction called operations. These operations correspond to the tasks performed in the manufacturing station. A sequence of these operations recount the task performed by the station. We demonstrate the usability of the collected data by using conformance analysis to detect when the manufacturing system has deviated from its defined model. The described architecture is developed in Sequence Planner – a tool for modelling and analysing production systems – and is currently implemented at an automotive company as a pilot project.  相似文献   

7.
目的以人为本的人工智能作为一种独特的设计材料正成为智能产品设计的新关注点,也带来了全新的挑战。分析人本人工智能背景下的智能产品设计特点,总结人本智能产品设计的现状并预测其发展趋势,能够对智能产品设计的未来发展提供参考。方法分析机器思维与设计思维的差异,以阐述人本人工智能背景下智能产品设计的特点。从设计方法和设计工具两个层面总结目前的研究现状,梳理以人为中心的智能产品设计的发展脉络。结论智能产品设计正逐渐从技术驱动转向以人为本,逐步整合机器思维与设计思维。然而,目前针对人工智能技术的设计方法和设计工具仍相对较少,智能产品的设计实践迫切需要符合人工智能技术特性的设计教育、设计方法与工具,以弥合机器思维与设计思维的差异。  相似文献   

8.
刘芳  王遵富  梁晓婷 《包装工程》2021,42(14):1-8, 39
目的 基于对文化大数据平台和智能设计平台的发展现状研究,阐述多源异构融合文化大数据平台建设面临的挑战,提出文化大数据智能设计平台的系统架构,在传承和保护文化的同时,探索文化数据在设计领域的再开发与再利用.方法 通过对相关文献的收集、整理和分析,了解文化大数据平台和智能设计平台的国内外研究进展,综合对比分析其技术原理、研究难点与挑战,并提出文化大数据智能设计平台的基础架构.结论 文化大数据平台的发展促进了文化的保护利用,但是仍存在利用率低、使用较困难等问题;人工智能技术在设计领域的应用,为设计学科引入了新的设计方法和路径,可以有效提升设计效率与质量,但当前的智能设计工具及平台仍然存在功能较为单一、缺乏灵活性等问题,有待进一步提升;文化大数据智能设计平台的研发,可以提升文化大数据的利用效率,探索文化大数据在设计不同阶段、不同方向的应用,提升设计作品的文化底蕴与质量.  相似文献   

9.
    
Machine intelligence is increasingly entering roles that were until recently dominated by human intelligence. As humans now depend upon machines to perform various tasks and operations, there appears to be a risk that humans are losing the necessary skills associated with producing competitively advantageous decisions. Therefore, this research explores the emerging area of human versus machine decision-making. An illustrative engineering case involving a joint machine and human decision-making system is presented to demonstrate how the outcome was not satisfactorily managed for all the parties involved. This is accompanied by a novel framework and research agenda to highlight areas of concern for engineering managers. We offer that the speed at which new human-machine interactions are being encountered by engineering managers suggests that an urgent need exists to develop a robust body of knowledge to provide sound guidance to situations where human and machine decisions conflict. Human-machine systems are becoming pervasive yet this research has revealed that current technological approaches are not adequate. The engineering insights and multi-criteria decision-making tool from this research significantly advance our understanding of this important area.  相似文献   

10.
Warehouse operations need to change due to the increasing complexity and variety of customer orders. The demand for real-time data and contextual information is requried because of the highly customised orders, which tend to be of small batch size but with high variety. Since the orders frequently change according to customer requirements, the synchronisation of purchase orders to support production to ensure on-time order fulfilment is of high importance. However, the inefficient and inaccurate order picking process has adverse effects on the order fulfilment. The objective of this paper is to propose an Internet of things (IoT)-based warehouse management system with an advanced data analytical approach using computational intelligence techniques to enable smart logistics for Industry 4.0. Based on the data collected from a case company, the proposed IoT-based WMS shows that the warehouse productivity, picking accuracy and efficiency can be improved and it is robust to order variability.  相似文献   

11.
目的 针对传统文化产业存在的人工成本相对高昂、物资损耗相对较大等问题,利用科技赋能企业服务,从而节省人力资源、降低设计门槛、提高设计效率、灵活对接生产、服务更广人群。方法 将人工智能应用于文化产业,从智能设计和智能制造两方面,拆分文化产业服务环节。一方面,将智能设计具体化为平面设计和结构设计,再进一步将平面设计划分为智能配色和智能排版两个部分。另一方面,智能制造主要基于大数据来调整工厂产能,提高订单处理效率,减少不必要的人力、物力损耗。结果 浙江省北大信息技术高等研究院和大胜达人工智能包装设计联合实验室研发了人工智能设计师小方,并开发出包含AI设计、配材推荐、印前检测、智能供应链、订单管理、产能分配等环节在内的一体化文化设计服务模式,为非专业用户提供了从设计到生产的全流程新智造服务。结论 人工智能在文化产业领域实现了需求分析理解、一键生成设计方案、智能印前检测、灵活对接工厂、随时查询订单状态等功能创新,获得了高效迅捷、所见即所得的竞争优势。同时,人工智能技术尚未触达人类的情感层面,无法捕捉服务对象的人性温度,在人文关怀领域仍有进步空间。  相似文献   

12.
工业4.0与智能机械厂   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
戴宏民  戴佩华 《包装工程》2016,37(19):206-211
目的探讨智能机械厂的构成和主要运作系统。方法在分析工业4.0的生产智能化特征和智能制造、智能工厂两大核心目标,以及智能工厂应具备数据、互联、集成、转型四大特点的基础上,对机械厂向智能工厂转变的必要性,智能机械厂的构成和主要运作系统,智能机械厂的运行流程进行分析和探索。结论智能机械厂应通过建立信息物理系统CPS建成覆盖全厂空间的智能网络;智能机械厂的智能化运作可划分为智能订货及支付、远程产品开发设计、智能生产和智能物流等系统;工业4.0是一个渐进的演变过程,机械厂向智能工厂转变应有一个完整的解决方案。  相似文献   

13.
    
Novel Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is a newer type of coronavirus that has not been formally detected in humans. It is established that this disease often affects people of different age groups, particularly those with body disorders, blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems, or weakened immune systems. The epidemic of this infection has recently had a huge impact on people around the globe with rising mortality rates. Rising levels of mortality are attributed to their transmitting behavior through physical contact between humans. It is extremely necessary to monitor the transmission of the infection and also to anticipate the early stages of the disease in such a way that the appropriate timing of effective precautionary measures can be taken. The latest global coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) has brought new challenges to the scientific community. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-motivated methodologies may be useful in predicting the conditions, consequences, and implications of such an outbreak. These forecasts may help to monitor and prevent the spread of these outbreaks. This article proposes a predictive framework incorporating Support Vector Machines (SVM) in the forecasting of a potential outbreak of COVID-19. The findings indicate that the suggested system outperforms cutting-edge approaches. The method could be used to predict the long-term spread of such an outbreak so that we can implement proactive measures in advance. The findings of the analyses indicate that the SVM forecasting framework outperformed the Neural Network methods in terms of accuracy and computational complexity. The proposed SVM system model exhibits 98.88% and 96.79% result in terms of accuracy during training and validation respectively.  相似文献   

14.
The authors propose an innovative Internet of Things (IoT) based E-commerce business model Cloud Laundry for mass scale laundry services. The model utilises big data analytics, intelligent logistics management, and machine learning techniques. Using GPS and real-time update of big data, it calculates the best transportation path and update and re-route the logistic terminals quickly and simultaneously. Cloud laundry intelligently and dynamically provides the best laundry solutions based on the current state spaces of the laundry terminals through the user's specifications and thus offers local hotel customers with convenient, efficient, and transparent laundry services. Taking advantage of the rapid development of the big data industry, user interest modelling, and information security and privacy considerations, cloud laundry uses smartphone terminal control and big data models to maintain customers’ security needs. Different from the traditional laundry industry, cloud laundry companies have higher capital turnover, more liquidity, and stronger profitability. Therefore, this new generation of smart laundry business model could be of interest to not only academic researchers, but E-commerce entrepreneurs as well.  相似文献   

15.
胡宇航 《包装工程》2019,40(15):158-163
目的 设计一种电动自适应封箱机,以提高电商和快递物流行业的工作效率,并收集相关的物流包裹数据,在物流前端为智慧物流奠定数据基础。方法 分析目前市面上存在的封箱机的问题,以及快递物流行业待解决的问题。结合封箱过程中出现的难点和封箱的原理,设计封箱机的机械结构及控制方案,并对其工作效率进行理论计算,通过实验验证计算结果。结果 原型机可以适用于宽(110~320)mm×高(153~290)mm的任意长度纸箱的封箱,所需时间为5~12 s。同时,机器可以采集包裹的详细数据,并上传至上位机。结论 该设计可以自动适应封装不同尺寸的纸箱,具有纯电动、体积小、成本低等优点,适合于中小型电商以及快递站点使用;该技术还可应用于大型B2C电商末端的商品打包封箱环节;其采集的相关物流数据将会是未来构建智慧物流体系的大数据基础。  相似文献   

16.
曾真  孙效华 《包装工程》2022,43(20):154-161
为应对设计在智能时代所面临的挑战,探索能够深度融合人类智慧与机器智能的设计新途径。方法 在理论层面,从智能系统的计算愿景和活动类型两个维度对人工智能与增强智能进行了概念区分,从思考性与实施性活动两方面对设计进行了解读,综合形成了基于增强智能理念的人机协同设计概念,分析了它所具备的共创者与对话者作用;在实践层面,针对共创者与对话者的特征与作用,通过两个不同的设计实践进行了探索与论证。结论 人机协同设计正在从工具和方法层面深刻地影响着设计,基于人工智能理念的设计工具能够提高设计生产力与效率,而基于增强智能理念的设计方法更擅长提高设计师的综合力与想象力,形成新的设计思维空间与设计创意结果。  相似文献   

17.
目的指出\"支持人在环路混合智能的交互设计\"这一类设计问题,研究人在环路混合智能系统中交互设计的问题,为相关设计、技术与应用研究提供索引和参考。方法从人在环路混合智能的概念和架构出发,引出人在环路混合智能的交互设计;基于对相关文献的整理,总结常见界面构成和交互方式;总结整理人在环路混合智能的生命周期。结论指明了人在环路混合智能是需要用户交互的智能模型,介绍了由用户、人工智能算法、用户接口构成的系统架构;总结了针对不同数据类型的现有工作可能的交互方式;分析了人在环路混合智能完整生命周期中的设计挑战,根据现有文献提取关键界面构成,提出了人在环路混合智能系统的设计建议;提出了从智能系统、用户、设计师三方面建立设计方法论,完善设计工具,更有效地支持和推动人在环路混合智能系统的应用的建议。  相似文献   

18.
    
Artificial intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology are two fields that are instrumental in realizing the goal of precision medicine—tailoring the best treatment for each cancer patient. Recent conversion between these two fields is enabling better patient data acquisition and improved design of nanomaterials for precision cancer medicine. Diagnostic nanomaterials are used to assemble a patient-specific disease profile, which is then leveraged, through a set of therapeutic nanotechnologies, to improve the treatment outcome. However, high intratumor and interpatient heterogeneities make the rational design of diagnostic and therapeutic platforms, and analysis of their output, extremely difficult. Integration of AI approaches can bridge this gap, using pattern analysis and classification algorithms for improved diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy. Nanomedicine design also benefits from the application of AI, by optimizing material properties according to predicted interactions with the target drug, biological fluids, immune system, vasculature, and cell membranes, all affecting therapeutic efficacy. Here, fundamental concepts in AI are described and the contributions and promise of nanotechnology coupled with AI to the future of precision cancer medicine are reviewed.  相似文献   

19.
目的 梳理人工智能(AI)技术在感性工学研究中的应用现状,对关键技术、存在问题、研究趋势进行分析。方法 通过归纳整理国内外相关文献,分析人工智能基础研究领域,以感性工学研究的一般流程为主线,探讨人工智能在用户情感意向获取、产品设计特征提取、映射模型构建3个环节中的应用。结论 人工智能在感性工学研究中的广泛应用,极大地提高了设计效率,加快了设计的自动化和智能化的步伐,但也存在着局限性。在未来,感性工学通过与生成式AI相结合将成为新的趋势,更加强大和高效的人工智能将会给设计行业带来新的机遇和挑战。  相似文献   

20.
    
Machine learning holds significant research potential in the field of nanotechnology, enabling nanomaterial structure and property predictions, facilitating materials design and discovery, and reducing the need for time-consuming and labor-intensive experiments and simulations. In contrast to their achiral counterparts, the application of machine learning for chiral nanomaterials is still in its infancy, with a limited number of publications to date. This is despite the great potential of machine learning to advance the development of new sustainable chiral materials with high values of optical activity, circularly polarized luminescence, and enantioselectivity, as well as for the analysis of structural chirality by electron microscopy. In this review, an analysis of machine learning methods used for studying achiral nanomaterials is provided, subsequently offering guidance on adapting and extending this work to chiral nanomaterials. An overview of chiral nanomaterials within the framework of synthesis–structure–property–application relationships is presented and insights on how to leverage machine learning for the study of these highly complex relationships are provided. Some key recent publications are reviewed and discussed on the application of machine learning for chiral nanomaterials. Finally, the review captures the key achievements, ongoing challenges, and the prospective outlook for this very important research field.  相似文献   

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