完全非晶态Ni-B合金镀层的电沉积制备

为解决制备Ni-B合金镀层时难以获得高非晶化结构的问题,采用控制变量法探索镀液成分对Ni-B合金镀层非晶化过程的影响规律,电沉积法制备出高B非晶态Ni-B复合镀层.采用X射线衍射技术(XRD)表征沉积层的相结构,利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和能谱分析(EDS)考察沉积层的微观形貌和元素分布组成.结果表明:通过控制溶液组分,沉积层发生从晶态到非晶态的转变.所得沉积层非晶化程度较高,此体系可电沉积获得表面完整、紧密细致、几乎没有金属晶体衍射峰的非晶态Ni-B合金沉积层,沉积层中B含量可提高至10.21％(质量分数).     

纳米Ni-B对肼的催化分解作用研究

采用硼氢化钠为还原剂液相还原法制备纳米Ni-B粉,分析考察了其催化分解特性,研究酸度和温度等因素对催化反应的影响,并对模拟舍肼废水进行降解实验.结果表明,肼的催化分解产生氮气和氨气,温度控制在60℃,pH值为12,经5h反应,肼浓度为1～2g/L的废水可完全降解.     

非晶态合金催化析氢阴极材料的研究进展

非晶态合金由于其优异的物理化学性能而备受研究者重视.特殊的空间结构使其表现出良好的化学活性,利用其亚稳态特性赋予电极材料特殊的化学性能,可将非晶态合金用于析氢电极材料.综述了非晶态合金阴极材料的研究进展,对过渡族金属元素的特性进行了分析,指出由过渡族金属元素组成的、具有低析氢超电势和低成本的非晶态合金复合镀层是目前与今后研究催化析氢电极材料的主要方向.     

非晶态合金研究进展

回顾了非是态合金的发展过程，讨论了其结构及性能特点，重点阐述了非晶态合金的磁性能及其应用，概述了非晶态合金研究的最新进展，展望了非晶合金的发展趋势。     

高分散度非晶态NiB／CNTs催化剂制备及其催化加氢性能

利用苯胺、曲拉通分别对氨气热处理的碳纳米管进一步功能化，修饰碳纳米管表面，促进碳纳米管分散。采用超声波辅助的浸渍-化学还原法制备非晶态NiB／CNTs合金催化剂，平均粒径为14nm、10nm的非晶态NiB颗粒均匀分布在苯胺、曲拉通处理的碳纳米管表面。苯胺、曲拉通功能化处理使催化剂的Ni负载量分别提高了10．4％、14．6％，同时提高了催化剂的乙炔加氢活性和乙烯选择性。将苯胺和曲拉通的处理效果比较，发现无论是NiB颗粒的分散度还是催化剂的加氢性能，曲拉通处理的效果明显优于苯胺。     

机械合金化制备负载型非晶态Ni－Nb纳米粒子催化材料

用机械合金化法制备了负载型非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｎｂ／ＳｉＯ２纳米粒子，粒径约为１０ｎｍ，硅胶的加入不仅大大加速了金属合金化的过程，而且使金属粒子比较均匀地分散在ＳｉＯ２中。这种材料比之单纯的纳米粒子更适合于作为催化剂。     

非晶态合金焊接的研究进展

综述了近几年国内外非晶态合金在焊接方面的研究进展,简要分析了将大块非晶合金焊接成功的原因.目前可以成功焊接大块非晶合金的方法有:高压压实法、摩擦焊、闪光电阻焊、电子束焊、爆炸焊、激光焊.其中前两种焊接属于固相焊接,成功的原因主要是:块体非晶合金过冷液相区的热稳定性和超塑性.而其他几种属于液相焊接,成功的原因主要是:(1)非晶合金具有大的非晶形成能力;(2)焊接的能量高且集中,因而加热和冷却速度快于这些合金的临界冷却速度.大块非晶合金的焊接成功地推动了大块非晶合金在工程材料方面的应用.     

基体材料对镍—钨非晶态镀层的影响

Ｘ射线衍射结果表明，在相同工艺条件下能在紫铜，Ａ３钢、Ｎｉ基合金和不锈钢基体上得Ｎｉ－Ｗ非晶态镀层。基体对镀层的影响很大，Ｎｉ基合金和不锈钢基体上能得到均匀致密，耐蚀性良好的Ｎｉ－Ｗ非晶态镀层；紫铜与Ａ３钢上的镀层则存在很多裂纹，防护性差；对Ａ３钢上进行预镀镍处理能改善Ｎｉ－Ｗ非态镀层的性能。     

非晶态Fe-Cr合金电镀中的阳极材料

在非晶态Fe-Cr合金电镀中,电解池结构和阳极材料至关重要。本文采用单、双室电解池(两室用Nafion离子膜连通)和纯Fe、Pt、石墨为阳极材料进行了电沉积实验,根据镀液组成变化、镀层结构和质量,确定了最佳电极材料和电解槽形式。     

电沉积非晶态铁基合金的研究进展

综述了电沉积铁基非晶态合金，主要是非晶态Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ、Ｆｅ－Ｗ、Ｆｅ－Ｐ合金研究进展，，讨论了电沉积条件和镀层的特性。     

Effects of nickel ethylenediamine complex on the preparation of Ni-B amorphous alloy catalyst with ultrasonic assistance

The Ni-B amorphous alloy catalysts with uniform particles were prepared by chemical reduction of nickel ethylenediamine complex by BH₄⁻ in aqueous solution with ultrasonic assistance. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, BET and H₂-TPD techniques. When used in the hydrogenation of glucose, the as-prepared Ni-B catalyst exhibited much higher activity than the conventional Ni-B catalysts obtained via direct reduction of Ni²⁺ by BH₄⁻ and Raney Ni. The higher activity could be attributed to both structure effect and electronic effect. The nickel ethylenediamine complex was found to retard and prevent an abrupt formation and agglomeration of Ni-B catalysts during the catalysts preparation. It was also found that the ultrasound plays a positive role.     

Manufacture of amorphous alloy ribbons

Amorphous alloys are prepared in continuous ribbon form by rapid quenching directly from the melt. In particular, the process of chill block melt-spinning involves the continuous impingement of molten alloy against a rapidly moving substrate surface. Principles of chill block melt-spinning are presented with regard to the formation of continuous, rapidly-quenched amorphous alloy ribbon. The effects of numerous process variables on sample geometry and physical properties are examined through experimental results obtained by the author and by other researchers. Principles of narrow ribbon manufacture are extended to describe means of fabricating wide ribbon. Manufacturing problems unique to extended runs and potential solutions are cited. Effects of process parameters on magnetic and physical properties of as-cast samples are discussed.     

Fe基非晶合金粉末的研究进展

非晶合金粉末是指快冷雾化合金液滴所制得的合金粉末,其中Fe基非晶合金粉末因具有生产成本低廉和应用前景广阔等优势,一直备受青睐。同时,Fe基非晶合金粉末的应用也为块体Fe基非晶合金应用难的问题提供了一条崭新的途径。本文综述了Fe基非晶合金粉末的研究进展,对其在涂层制备、磁性材料、激光3D打印、废水处理4个方面的研究现状进行了归纳分类与总结,并分析了Fe基非晶合金粉末在各领域的应用优势。最后指出Fe基非晶合金粉末在制备高质量涂层、老化磁性粉末再利用及增材制造领域的研究方向,并展望了作为传感、控制等功能性器件的应用前景。此外,在薄膜等小尺寸、低维材料及柔性电子领域也展现出巨大的应用潜力。     

Creep-induced structural changes in Ni-Si-B amorphous alloy

The influence of the stress annealing on the reversible structural relaxation of a Ni-Si-B amorphous ribbon was studied. Creep-induced structural changes in the amorphous structure were derived from anisothermal DSC and dilatometric experiments. It is demonstrated that considerable enthalpy and specimen length variations associated with the reversible structural relaxation are observed after previous creep at higher temperatures. __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 24–27, January–February, 2008.     

Friction and wear of amorphous Ni-B,Ni-P films obtained by ion implantation into nickel

The wear and friction resistance of nickel surfaces implanted with increasing doses of boron or phosphorous was investigated, with a pin-on-disc geometry and a 100C6 steel rider, in air. The seizure resistance is drastically improved when the implanted dose is sufficiently high to give an amorphous Ni-B or Ni-P layer.     

Chemically prepared amorphous Fe-Ni-B alloy particles

Amorphous Fe-Ni-B alloy particles have been prepared by chemical reduction of Fe²⁺ and Ni²⁺ in aqueous solution by NaBH₄. It was found that within a limited range of NaBH₄ concentrations and pH values of the metal salt solution the particles are amorphous. Outside this range the precipitates are partly crystalline. The magnetic hyperfine fields of the amorphous particles, estimated from⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, are similar to those of amorphous ribbons with the same compositions.     

Characterization of crystallization in amorphous 2605 SC alloy

The annealing characteristics, the crystallization sequence of precipitating phases and their geometry have been studied for the amorphous alloy 2605 SC through X-ray and reflection electron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and field ion microscopy.The as-received samples were found to contain small domains of crystalline Fe₃Si, Fe₂₃(B, C)₆ and an oxide of iron (maghemite, Fe₃O₄) on the ribbon surfaces.Samples annealed at 673 K for 10, 50, 100 and 1000 min reveal that there is a sequential difference in the crystallization of the ribbon surfaces and the bulk, the latter exhibiting the nucleation of α-Fe first. Moreover, in situ (in an electron microscope) continuous annealing of the samples indicates that, although formation of ferrite crystals occurs in the bulk, the initial crystallizing phase on the surfaces is the f.c.c. Fe₂₃(B, C)₆. Heat treatment at temperatures above 773 K, however, is seen to produce similar phase consistency, and thus diffraction patterns, from both regions. These structures primarily are seen to be composed of a dendritic α-Fe and the Fe₂₃(B, C)₆ phases along with the as yet non-crystallized amorphous domains. The equilibrium Fe₂B phase is not observed at the annealing temperatures (above 923 K) used.