中空玻璃微珠填充环氧树脂复合材料

讨论了用发电厂固体废料中的中空玻璃微珠填充Ｅ－４４环氧树脂制备轻质复合材料，实验详尽地考察了微珠填料，ＫＨ－５００偶联剂，固化剂（三乙基四胺，Ｔ－３１，三乙醇及液体四氢苯酐）及低聚酰胺等增韧剂等对所得的复合材料为力学性能的影响，并通过扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）观察了材料的形态，其结果表明，偶联剂和增韧剂对复合材料的力学性能影响较大，中空玻璃微珠填充环氧树脂赋予基轻质，高强，价廉等特性。     

端活性聚丙二醇对环氧树脂的增韧改性

以端羟基聚丙二醇为基础合成了端羧基和端环氧基聚丙二醇,对不同端基聚丙二醇改性环氧树脂体系进行了DSC、DMA、冲击性能和冲断面SEM研究。随聚丙二醇端活性基与环氧树脂反应性的增强,固化体系更倾向于形成均相结构,环氧树脂固化物玻璃化温度降低更多。端羟基和端环氧聚丙二醇都能明显提高环氧树脂的冲击强度。综合分析测试结果表明聚丙二醇是通过增塑方式对环氧树脂进行增韧,而端环氧基聚丙二醇是通过提高交联网络柔性的方式对环氧树脂进行增韧。     

膜组件浇铸用室温固化环氧树脂胶粘剂的增韧研究

分别以双酚A型/双酚F型环氧树脂共混物、双酚F型环氧树脂为基料配制耐热型分离膜浇铸用胶粘剂,选择3种增韧剂分别对环氧树脂胶粘剂进行增韧改性.探讨了不同种类增韧剂及增韧剂添加量对胶粘荆冲击强度、玻璃化转变温度、弯曲模量等性能的影响.实验结果表明:3种增韧剂对胶粘荆均有较好的增韧作用,且不损失力学性能;但随体系中增韧荆含量的增加,胶粘剂的耐热性能有所降低.HG-2增韧剂对胶粘剂的增韧效果优良,同时胶粘剂的耐湿热性能较好.在90℃热水中的弯曲模量可达14.2 MPa.     

加固混凝土用改性环氧树脂粘结性能的研究

采用丁腈橡胶增韧改性环氧树脂,制备了常温固化的加固用粘结材料。从化学反应和显微结构2个方面研究了增韧机理,确定了共混体系的制备工艺参数。通过拉伸剪切试验和拉伸试验,对不同橡胶含量的增韧改性环氧树脂固化产物的力学性能进行了研究,结合显微结构分析研究了增韧改性效果。采用弯曲性能试验表征粘结材料的粘结性能,以破坏形态和最大破坏载荷值为依据,确定了加固用粘结材料的最佳增韧剂含量。     

环氧树脂改性聚氨酯羟基组分的合成及应用

为提高发泡聚氨酯材料的界面粘接性能,利用二乙醇胺与环氧树脂反应合成端羟基环氧树脂,再将其涂敷于发泡模具的内表面,加入聚氨酯羟基组分并与稍过量的异氰酸酯组分混合均匀后发泡成型,制得环氧树脂改性聚氨酯泡沫材料.研究了合成反应的温度、时间、配比以及反应动力学方程.红外光谱分析结果显示产物的环氧基特征吸收峰消失,且羟基特征吸收峰增强变宽,说明环氧基参与了反应并生成了端羟基环氧树脂.性能测试实验的结果表明:环氧树脂改性聚氨酯具有凝胶、固化快等特点,环氧树脂链段的引入可以将聚氨酯发泡材料的界面粘接强度提高约57％.     

玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的低温性能研究

对S玻璃纤维和E玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的常温和低温力学性能进行实验,结果表明：玻纤／环氧树脂单向复合材料力学性能随着纤维含量增加而增强,当纤维体积含量为50％时,复合材料具有较好的综合力学性能,且复合材料的强度随着温度的降低呈增加趋势。当温度降到76K时材料的强度达到最高值,S玻纤／环氧复合材料的拉伸强度最高值可达2．1GPa;E玻纤／环氧复合材料的最大拉伸强度也达到1．4GPa。其原因是由于低温下玻璃纤维的横向收缩比树脂基体小,界面摩擦力得到增强,从而获得高的界面粘接强度。     

环氧树脂/碳纤维导热复合材料研究进展

为提高碳纤维复合材料的导热、老化以及其他力学性能,本文探讨了以环氧树脂为基体,以具有优良的力学性能的碳纤维为导热载体,制备具有良好性能的导热复合材料的制备工艺。同时,研究了碳纤维增强环氧树脂基体的热传导机制,以及近些年来环氧树脂基导热复合材料的科研现状。     

钢铁渣粉对水泥基材料性能影响机理研究

通过对马钢钢渣粉化学成分、X-射线衍射原材料分析,探究了钢渣粉对水泥基材料力学性能、体积稳定性的影响.试验结果表明:随着钢渣粉掺量的增加,力学性能下降明显,当掺量为10％时,与空白样相比抗压强度略有下降,当掺量为20％时,抗压强度下降幅度较大;钢渣对水泥基材料体积稳定性影响明显,相同龄期随着钢渣掺量增大,自由膨胀率升高.通过化学成分及扫描电镜分析,f-CaO是导致水泥基材体体积膨胀的根源.     

钢铁渣粉对水泥基材料性能影响的机理研究

通过对马钢钢渣粉化学成分、X-射线衍射原材料分析,探究了钢渣粉对水泥基材料力学性能、体积稳定性的影响。试验结果表明:随着钢渣粉掺量的增加,力学性能下降明显,当掺量为10%时,与空白样相比抗压强度略有下降,当掺量为20%时,抗压强度下降幅度较大;钢渣对水泥基材料体积稳定性影响明显,相同龄期随着钢渣掺量增大,自由膨胀率升高。通过化学成分及扫描电镜分析,f-CaO是导致水泥基材体体积膨胀的根源。     

增韧剂对单组分环氧结构胶粘剂性能影响的研究

将环氧树脂、L固化剂、促进剂100b等按一定比例配成单组分环氧结构胶粘剂,辅以液体丁腈橡胶、QS-BC、QS-BE、EPG、QS-210B等增韧剂.分析比较了增韧剂对单组分环氧结构胶粘剂的剪切强度、剥离强度、本体拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度等性能的影响.结果表明:得到了一种综合性能较好的增韧剂及其使用比例.     

不同增韧剂对尼龙/玻纤复合体系的增韧改性研究

将EPDM-g-MAH、POE-g-MAH、SEBS-g-MAH分别加入到尼龙66/玻璃纤维中,考察3种增韧体系对其机械性能的影响.通过对其机械性能和流变性能的研究,可知随EPDM-g-MAH、POE-g-MAH、SEBS-g-MAH份数的提高,尼龙66/玻璃纤维复合体系的冲击强度均有所提高,其中EPDM-g-MAH增韧效果最佳,POE-g-MAH次之,SEBS-g-MAH较次于前两者.EPDM-g-MAH加入量为9份时,体系的冲击强度是未增韧的2倍,拉伸强度降低.同时,熔体流动速率下降,平衡扭矩增大,说明增韧剂对体系起到增韧效果.     

刚性粒子增韧UPR复合材料的细观模型

制备出了以纳米材料为增韧剂的不饱和树脂复合材料,研究了刚性纳米粒子对不饱和树脂的增韧作用。通过对复合材料的拉伸实验,证实了在一定范围内随着有机刚性粒子PA6和无机刚性粒子纳米SiO2添加量增大,其对不饱和树脂的增韧效果也越好。建立了刚性粒子与不饱和树脂相的单胞细观本构模型,利用细观参数与宏观力学参数的相关性模拟了宏观塑性变形规律,模拟曲线与实验曲线吻合较好。数值结果表明,非线性理论模型可以较好地模拟复合材料的塑性应变曲线。     

The Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer Reinforced and Toughened By CaSO_4-Whisker

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｈｉｓｋｅｒｓａｒｅｔｈｅｕｌｔｉｍａｔｅ ｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｓｈｏｒｔ ｆｉｂｅｒｒｅｉｎ ｆｏｒｃｅｒｂｅｃａｕｓｅｔｈｅｙａｒｅｓｍａｌｌ (ｆｒｏｍｓｕｂｍｉｃｒｏｎｔｏｓｅｖｅｒａｌｍｉｃｒｏｎｓｉｎｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒ)ｓｉｎｇｌｅｃｒｙｓｔａｌｆｉｂｅｒｓｗｉｔｈａｈｉｇｈｄｅ ｇｒｅｅｏｆｃｒｙｓｔａｌｌｉｎｅｐｅｒｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ .Ｔｈｅｓｍａｌｌｅｒｔｈｅｗｈｉｓｋｅｒｉｓ ,ｔｈｅｇｒｅａｔｅｒｔｈｅｐｅｒｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｗｉｌｌｂｅ .Ｔｈｉｓｐｅｒｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ…     

膨胀剂对高强矿渣混凝土性能的影响

研究了膨胀剂对利用不同比表面和不同掺量的矿渣配制的高强混凝土的力学性能，体积稳定性以及抗渗性能的影响。结果表明：膨胀剂的掺量和矿渣的细度、掺量对混凝土的膨胀率有较大影响，随着膨胀剂的掺量增加和矿渣细度、掺量的提高，混凝土的抗压强度提高，膨胀率增大，抗渗性能提高。     

反应温度和反应时间对三水碳酸镁晶须长径比的影响

为了扩大其作为增强补韧剂和阻燃剂的应用,以氯化镁和碳酸氢铵为原料,通过水热法成功合成了不同长径比的三水碳酸镁晶须. 采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜对所得三水碳酸镁晶须的物相和形貌进行分析. 结果表明:当反应时间为5 h时,随着反应温度（50 ℃~80 ℃）的升高,三水碳酸镁晶须长径比减小. 当温度为50 ℃,反应时间在4 h~5 h内时,晶须处于生长阶段,长径比增大;反应时间延长至7 h,由于发生相转变,晶须开始溶解,导致长径比减小. 通过对晶须尖端的分析,证实晶须属于台阶生长机制.     

Fabrication, property characterization and toughening mechanism of HA-ZrO2(CaO)/316L fibre composite biomaterials

HA-ZrO₂(CaO)/316L fibre composites were successfully fabricated with vacuum sintering method and their properties and toughening mechanism were studied. The results showed that HA-ZrO₂(CaO)/316L fibre biocomposite having 20 vol% fibres had optimal comprehensive properties with bending strength, Young’s modulus, fracture toughness and relative density equal to 140.1 MPa, 117.8 GPa, 5.81 MPa·m^1/2 and 87.1%, respectively. The research also addressed that different volume ratios of the composites led to different metallographic microstructures, and that metallographic morphologies change regularly with volume ratios of the composites. 316L fibres were distributed randomly and evenly in the composites and the integration circumstance of the two phases was very well since there were no obvious flaws or pores in the composites. Two toughening mechanisms including ZrO₂ phase transformation toughening mechanism and fibre pulling-out toughening mechanism existed in the compsites with the latter being the main toughening mechanism. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50604017) and the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University     

（Y—ZrO_2）－Al_2O_3陶瓷（AZ）的摩擦磨损

通过ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ和ＸＲＤ等手段对以Ｙ２Ｏ３为稳定剂ＺｒＯ２增韧的Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷复合材料的显微结构、力学性能及与钢对摩时的摩擦磨损行为进行了系统分析，并对其微观机理做了初步探讨．结果表明，转移层的出现对对摩材料起到了保护作用；ＺｒＯ２的加入提高了材料的耐磨性能，但摩擦高温会导致ＺｒＯ２ｔ→ｍ相交增韧作用失效．     

Effect of Wet Surface Treated Nano-SiO2 on Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Composite

Nano-SiO2/polypropylene composite was prepared by melt-blending process. The nano-SiO2 particles were organized by wet process surface treatment with silane coupling agent KH-570. The effect of mass fraction of nano-SiO2 particles and dosage of KH-570 on the toughening and strengthening of PP matrix were investigated based on the fractography of impact notch and the analysis of crystal structure by X-ray and dispersive structure of nano-SiO2 by TEM. Results show that the impact and flexural strength and modulus of the composite are improved obviously with low loading of nano-SiO2 (3wt%-5wt%), and the izod impact strength of PP increases twice with 4wt% nano-SiO2. The nano-SiO2 particles treated can disperse into the matrix resin, which has evident heterogeneous nucleation effects on the crystallization of PP. The optimal toughening and strengthening effects of PP matrix can be obtained when the content of nano-SiO2 and KH-570 are 4wt% and 3wt%, respectively.     

The Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer Reinforced and Toughened By CaSO4—Whisker

CaSO4 whisker reinforcing and toughening mechanisms for polyurethane elastomer were studied.The effects of dispersity of CaSO4 whisker and interfacial bonding state on reinforcement and toughness were discussed.The microanalyses showed that CaSO4 whisker reinforcing mechanism for polyurethane elastomer mainly was load transferring and its toughening mechanism involved crack deflection and whisker pullout.The results indicated that composites with 5%-10% CaSO4 whisker exhibited the best mechancal properties,Good bonding in terface was formed between whisker and matrix after the surface of CaSO4 whisker was treated by silane coupling agent.The fairly improved strength and toughness are attributed to the better interfacial bonding state.