Study on Catalytic Cracking of VGO Derived from Kazakhstan-Russian Mixed Crude

1 Introduction Currently the Dushanzi Petrochemical Company operates on the pipeline transported Karamai crude and a part of Kazakhstan crude. With the official commissioning of the Sino- Kazakhstan pipeline, the refinery of Dushanzi Petrochemical Company with a capacity of 10.0 Mt/a will officially process the Kazakhstan-Russian mixed crude starting 2007. The refin- ery of Dushanzi Petrochemical Company boasts two FCC units composed of a parallel riser reactor-regenerator configura- t…     

达混合原油评价及其混炼油种的选择

对达混合原油及其宽馏分的性质进行了分析评价，并对各馏分提出了合适的加工方案，结果表明达混合原油属重质高酸低硫石蜡基原油，应与轻质（或中质）低酸低硫石蜡基（或中间基）原油混炼。     

低硅/铝比介孔USY分子筛的制备及其VGO加氢裂化性能

以低硅/铝摩尔比((n(Si)/n(Al)=7.0))USY分子筛为原料,通过低浓度碱溶液浸渍结合热处理的方法制备了介孔增强的MUSY分子筛.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、N2吸附-脱附曲线等手段对改性前后分子筛进行表征.结果表明,MUSY分子筛的介孔体积和介孔比表面积分别为0.31 cm3/g和150...     

吉林混合减渣生产140号道路沥青的工业实践

前郭炼油厂丙烷脱沥青车间，利用吉林混合减渣，采用小溶剂比，低温抽提的办法，首次生产出140号道路沥青，沥青产品质量稳定，符合SH0522－2000道路沥青质量标准。     

利用胜利陆上混合原油生产型煤粘结剂

以胜利混合原油的减压渣油为原料，采用氧化工艺，可以生产出冶金行业炼铁用的型煤粘结剂，此产品具有软化点高、延度大、闪点高等优点，达到型煤粘结剂技术要求。     

溶剂脱沥青蜡油加氢催化裂化组合工艺

介绍了中国石化镇海炼油化工股份公司溶剂脱沥青蜡油（DAO）加氢催化裂化组合工艺,并对组合工艺进行了技术分析.结果表明,催化裂化油浆返回作为溶剂脱沥青装置的原料,可以改善DAO的质量;催化裂化装置掺炼一定比例的精制蜡油,通过采取一系列的措施,原料的性质得到了改善,提高了柴油、液化气等的收率,柴油的质量也得到了提高.     

一种简单的混合原油性质估算方法

为了估计混合原油的性质,提出一种简单、快速的计算方法.该方法的计算结果和PIMS的计算结果几乎相同,说明了该方法的可行性.     

浅议加氢裂化技术的发展

回顾了加氢裂化技术的发展历史,并将其分为如下3个发展阶段:加氢裂化技术的形成和初级发展阶段(20世纪50年代末～60年代末);加氢裂化技术的发展及成熟阶段(60年代末～90年代);清洁油品时代的加氢裂化技术(90年代末至今)。分析了加氢裂化反应、加氢裂化催化剂和加氢裂化工艺的近期研究成果,并对加氢裂化技术的发展前景进行了展望。     

溶剂萃取法分离沙特中质原油VGO及其硫分布规律

以不同水含量的糠醛和N-甲基吡咯烷酮作萃取溶剂,沙中原油减压馏分油经3段萃取被分离为重芳烃相、中芳烃相、轻芳烃相和饱和烃相4个亚组分,采用气相色谱-质谱联用、傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱等方法分析了亚组分中烃类组成和硫化物的分布,考察了萃取分离过程各烃类的分离效率和芳烃萃取选择性。结果表明,3段萃取分离出的重芳烃相、中芳烃相和轻芳烃相中芳烃质量分数分别在89.6%~95.6%、80.8%~91.0%和63.9%~77.7%,表明糠醛和NMP是适于分离减压馏分油中芳烃的溶剂;芳烃环数增加,分子极性提高,溶剂对其溶解能力增强,极性较强的三环及以上芳烃主要存在于重芳烃相和中芳烃相;不同水含量的糠醛和NMP对芳烃,尤其是对三环及以上芳烃的分离效率高于饱和烃;水含量增加,溶剂的萃取分离效率降低,但对芳烃的萃取选择性β值提高;NMP对芳烃的萃取选择性高于糠醛。三环及以上噻吩类硫化物主要存在于重芳烃相和中芳烃相中,单、双环噻吩类硫化物基本均匀分布于各亚组分中。     

减压蜡油加氢裂化催化剂组合动力学模型

以高压加氢裂化六集总动力学模型为基础,建立预测催化剂组合体系产品分布的数学模型。按固定馏程间隔将原料油和加氢裂化生成油划分为减压蜡油 加氢裂化尾油（>360℃）、柴油馏分（290～360℃）、喷气燃料馏分（175～290℃）、重石脑油馏分（65～175℃）、轻石脑油馏分（<65℃）和炼厂气（C4-）6个集总。分别以2种不同类型加氢裂化催化剂的实验数据为基础,采用Matlab 2011b数值计算软件和非线性最小二乘法对动力学模型参数进行了优化回归。以优化回归后的动力学模型参数为初值,调整部分模型参数,建立了预测催化剂组合体系产品分布的数学模型。用该模型计算得到的加氢裂化产品分布与实验值之间的一致性较好,其偏差均小于2%。     

加工陆上混合原油及进口高硫原油设备的腐蚀与防护技术

总结了加工陆上混合原油及进口高硫原油装置存在的的设备腐蚀问题及防腐蚀经验,对典型的腐蚀案例及防护措施进行了重点分析。提出了解决上述装置设备腐蚀问题的有效措施。     

Study on Process for Manufacturing Heavy Traffic Asphalt from Gudong Crude

The Gudong crude from Gudao oil-bearing region in the Shengli oilfield was used as the target for studying the process of manufacturing heavy traffic road asphalt. The heavy traffic road asphalt products can be made from Gudong crude through blending residuum from mild thermal conversion of vacuum resid with extract, blending the deoiled asphalt from VR propane deasphalting with vacuum resid and the extract, and blending of oxidized hard asphalt originated from VR with the extract.     

Comparative Evaluation of Nanoporous Hydrocracking Catalysts in Fixed-Bed and Swing-Batch Reaction Systems

A comparison of the results using Ni-W and Ni-Mo loaded catalysts with desulfurized vacuum gas oil shows that both the fixed-bed reaction and swing-batch reaction systems can be used efficiently for the catalysts evaluation. The results from a fixed-bed reaction showed that Cat-2 catalyst was more active than both Cat-1 and Cat-3, while the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity of Cat-3 catalyst was slightly better than that of Cat-1 and Cat-2. In the swing-batch reaction, Cat-1 and Cat-2 showed higher activity as compared to Cat-3 and Cat-4 catalysts. NiW loaded catalysts were found more active than NiMo loaded catalysts. HDS and cracking activities in the swing-batch reactor were found lower as compared to the fixed-bed reactor, probably due to recombination reactions involving sulfur and other cracked molecules.     

Hydrocracking of Vacuum Gas Oil: Conversion,Product Yields,and Product Quality over an Industrial Hydrocracking Catalyst System

Pilot plant experiments were conducted over an industrial hydrotreating/hydrocracking catalyst system using vacuum gas oil fraction obtained from a refinery crude distillation unit. Extensive pilot plant data were generated on the performance of industrial hydrocracking catalyst system with respect to conversion, product yields, and product quality at various operating conditions. The pilot plant experiments were carried out in a dual-reactor hydrotreating pilot plant system with downflow mode of operation. The temperature varied from 360 to 400°C and liquid hourly space velocity varied from 0.8 to 2.4 hr^?1, keeping a constant pressure of 170 kg/cm² and H₂/HC feed ratio of 845 L/L. The hydrocracked total liquid product was distilled in a true boiling point distillation unit to obtain yields and qualities of different fractions such as naphtha, kerosene, diesel, and unconverted oil. The effect of operating conditions on the performance of the hydrocracking catalyst system was discussed in detail. The kinetics of hydrocracking reaction was studied using a simple first-order reaction and a complex four-lump reaction system and the kinetic parameters were reported.     

Comparative Evaluation of Nanoporous Hydrocracking Catalysts in Fixed-Bed and Swing-Batch Reaction Systems

Abstract

A comparison of the results using Ni-W and Ni-Mo loaded catalysts with desulfurized vacuum gas oil shows that both the fixed-bed reaction and swing-batch reaction systems can be used efficiently for the catalysts evaluation. The results from a fixed-bed reaction showed that Cat-2 catalyst was more active than both Cat-1 and Cat-3, while the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity of Cat-3 catalyst was slightly better than that of Cat-1 and Cat-2. In the swing-batch reaction, Cat-1 and Cat-2 showed higher activity as compared to Cat-3 and Cat-4 catalysts. NiW loaded catalysts were found more active than NiMo loaded catalysts. HDS and cracking activities in the swing-batch reactor were found lower as compared to the fixed-bed reactor, probably due to recombination reactions involving sulfur and other cracked molecules.     

Performance Evaluation Studies of First- and Second-Stage Hydrocracking Catalysts Using Kuwait Vacuum Gas Oil Feedstocks

Abstract

In a two-stage hydrocracking process, two types of catalyst are used to remove undesirable contaminants (such as S, N, hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, etc.) and convert the heavy feedstock to lighter products. In the present work, individual set of experiments were conducted to obtain information regarding activity and selectivity with emphasis on the evaluation of kinetic parameters of first- and second-stage commercial catalysts used in hydrocracking process. The performance tests were conducted in a down-flow fixed-bed hydrocracking pilot plant using a single reactor. The hydrotreating type A catalyst and hydrocracking type B catalyst were used individually with typical Kuwaiti refinery feedstocks, namely, hydrotreated vacuum gas oil (HVGO) and unconverted residual oil (UCRO), respectively. The order of reaction in this study shows first-order kinetics for HDS and HDN over CAT-A, and first-order hydrocracking conversion over CAT-B. For CAT-A the activation energies were found for HDS and HDN reactions at 22 and 27.3 kcal/gmole, while for CAT-B activation energies were 27.4 kcal/gmole.     

中温煤焦油加氢裂化集总动力学研究

以集总动力学为建模思想,将中温煤焦油裂化反应网络按原料油四组分和产品油馏分为划分标准,归并为6个虚拟集总组分,考察了氢分压、液体体积空速、床层温度对中温煤焦油加氢裂化结果的影响,建立了中温煤焦油6集总加氢裂化动力学模型。在Visual C++平台上,采用四阶变步长的Runge-Kutta法求解微分方程,采用变尺度法(B-F-G-S)获得函数最优化求解,并进行模型验证。结果表明,该模型预测相对误差小于3%,对中温煤焦油加氢裂化的产品分布具有良好的预测性,为煤焦油加氢工艺的进一步优化提供了依据。     

Study on Performance of Hydrocracking Catalyst CHC-1

Evaluation of hydrocracking catalyst CHC- 1 showed superior qualities of catalyst CHC- 1.When it was used for hyd/ocmcking reaction, the yield of middle distillates (jet fuel and diesel fuel) can reach more than 71 m%. When it was used for medium-pressure hydro-upgrading of Daqing FCC diesel fuel, diesel density was decreased by 0.0284---0.0365 g/cm^3 (20℃). Cetane number increased by 7.8---10.5 and the contents of sulphur and nitrogen were remarkably reduced. The storage stability of the upgraded diesel was improved.     

Performance Evaluation Studies of First- and Second-Stage Hydrocracking Catalysts Using Kuwait Vacuum Gas Oil Feedstocks

In a two-stage hydrocracking process, two types of catalyst are used to remove undesirable contaminants (such as S, N, hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, etc.) and convert the heavy feedstock to lighter products. In the present work, individual set of experiments were conducted to obtain information regarding activity and selectivity with emphasis on the evaluation of kinetic parameters of first- and second-stage commercial catalysts used in hydrocracking process. The performance tests were conducted in a down-flow fixed-bed hydrocracking pilot plant using a single reactor. The hydrotreating type A catalyst and hydrocracking type B catalyst were used individually with typical Kuwaiti refinery feedstocks, namely, hydrotreated vacuum gas oil (HVGO) and unconverted residual oil (UCRO), respectively. The order of reaction in this study shows first-order kinetics for HDS and HDN over CAT-A, and first-order hydrocracking conversion over CAT-B. For CAT-A the activation energies were found for HDS and HDN reactions at 22 and 27.3 kcal/gmole, while for CAT-B activation energies were 27.4 kcal/gmole.     

加氢裂化集总动力学模型的研究Ⅱ．正十烷加氢裂化集总模型

选用３８２４加氢裂化催化剂，对正十烷加氢裂化动力学进行了研究。根据Ｗｅｅｋｍａｎ集总理论，建立了正十烷加氢裂化四集总动力学模型。用Ｍａｒｑｕａｒｄｔ法估计了各反应速率常数，确定了较完善的速率表达式和表现活化能，同时讨论了空速、温度、压力和反应活化能对产物分布的影响，为石油馏份加氢裂化集总动力学研究提供了基础数据。