Gd_5Ge_4中磁场温度诱导的磁结构相变研究

最近的研究表明,在低温低场时,Gd_5Ge_4的一级磁结构相变被阻止而进入一种磁玻璃态,即在反铁磁母体中随机分布着铁磁团簇.结合这一最新研究结果,通过对Gd_5Ge_4样品不同低温的磁场诱导的磁化强度进行两次循环测量,研究发现在不同条件下Gd_5Ge_4的磁结构相变存在可逆性与不可逆性,并结合磁玻璃态进行了分析讨论.验证了Gd_5Ge_4的等温磁化行为和结构变化的一致性,这为证明在磁和晶格之间存在耦合作用提供了直接的实验证据,揭示了一级磁结构相变对巨磁热效应的产生起了重要作用.     

Gd5Ge4的磁结构相变和磁玻璃行为的研究

通过对温度诱导和磁场诱导的磁化强度的测量和分析，证明了Gd5Ge4在低温范围存在从反铁磁到铁磁的一级结构相变，有典型的相分离特征。为了进一步说明Gd5Ge4的磁结构相变，对不同低温的磁场诱导的磁化强度进行了两次循环测量，结果显示Gd5Ge4在低温下磁化行为具有不可逆性和对温度的依赖性。同时对磁化强度的研究揭示了Gd5Ge4在低温时存在磁玻璃态。     

Co0.525Fe0.475MnP化合物的室温磁热效应和磁电阻效应

采用多步骤固态烧结方法合成了具有单一Co₂P相的Co_0.525Fe_0.475MnP化合物,其反铁磁有序温度在室温附近。在升温过程中,这种化合物经历两个连续的磁转变：在285 K发生反铁磁到铁磁的一级相变,在375 K发生由铁磁到顺磁的二级相变。在0~5 T的外磁场中,两个相变点温度对应的最大磁熵变分别为1.1 J/(kg·K)(303 K)和-2.0 J/(kg·K)(383 K)。外磁场为零时,随着温度的降低电阻率曲线在铁磁到反铁磁转变温度附近出现极小值,是铁磁有序与反铁磁有序的竞争所致。在35 K再次出现的电阻率极小值,可归因于由Fe替代Co引起的自旋无序所导致的金属-绝缘体转变。在5 T磁场中磁电阻率的最大值对应温度为200 K时的-2.5%,在反铁磁温度以上磁电阻率迅速减小。这表明,这种化合物的磁电阻效应源于外磁场对反铁磁有序的影响。     

RPdAl(R=Gd-Er)的磁性和磁热效应

低温退火的LTM-RPdAl和高温退火的HTM-RPdAl分别具有正交TiNiSi型和六角ZrNiAl型结构.综述了磁场和温度变化对LTM-RPdAl和HTM-RPdAl化合物磁性和磁热效应的影响.实验结果表明,LTM-RPdAl化合物均是反铁磁性的,当R=Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er时,奈尔温度TN分别为31,45,21,10和10 K.对于HTM-RPdA1化合物,当R=Tb,Ho,Er时是反铁磁性的,TN分别为43,12和5K,而当R=Gd,Dy时是铁磁性的,其居里温度分别为Tc=49,25 K.反铁磁RPdAl化合物均呈现磁场诱导的反铁磁-铁磁变磁转变.对HTM-RPdAl(R=Ho,Er)化合物,由于弱的反铁磁耦合,在低磁场下呈现出高的饱和磁化强度,从而产生大的磁热效应,在0～5 T磁场变化下的最大磁熵变值和制冷能力分别高达20.6,24.3 J/kg·K和386,299 J/kg,是优异的低温磁制冷材料.     

Ce掺杂钙钛矿氧化物Gd2 NiMnO6的磁性与磁热效应

采用传统高温固相反应法制备了钙钛矿氧化物Gd_((2-x))Ce_xNiMnO_6(x=0,0.1)多晶样品。两样品均呈现良好的单相性;TT_G样品为纯顺磁态,T_CTT_G为顺磁-铁磁共存态,在此温区两样品出现类Griffiths相,在较低温区(TT_N)铁磁-反铁磁相互竞争,出现自旋团簇玻璃行为;两样品在外加磁场为7 T时出现最大磁熵变值ΔS_M,分别为-4.248,-3.850 J/(kg·K);计算可得它们的磁制冷效率(RCP)分别为301.60,265.60 J/kg,Gd_2NiMnO_6比Gd_(1.9)Ce_(0.1)NiMnO_6更具备作为高温区磁制冷材料的潜能;通过对Arrott曲线、重标定曲线以及Loop曲线的分析可知两样品的铁磁-顺磁转变均为二级相变。     

Fe掺杂对YCrO3微结构及磁特性的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备YCr0.6Fe0.4O3样品,研究了Fe^3+掺杂对YCrO3的微结构与磁特性的影响。结果表明,样品具有良好的单相正交结构,属于Pnma空间群。拉曼及傅里叶红外光谱结果显示,Fe^3+掺杂使得Y/Cr-O键长被拉伸,增加了晶格畸变,导致振动模式向低波数偏移。热磁M-T曲线表明,体系在TN^183K发生反铁磁相变,随温度降低磁化强度增加,FC曲线在128K出现较宽的驼峰,温度降至85K,磁化强度达到最小(0.08 A·m^2/kg),随后逐渐增加。这主要是Fe^3+掺杂使YCrO3样品内Cr^3+O^2-Cr^3+、Fe^3+O^2-Fe^3+反铁磁有序与Cr^3+O^2-Fe^3+铁磁相互作用共存,Fe/Cr团簇导致磁化反转现象。当T<80K时,M-H曲线出现磁台阶效应,T=50K时出现交换偏置现象,场冷磁场增加,磁滞回线基本重合,表明样品内反铁磁和铁磁界面处产生钉扎效应。     

Mn95Ni5Fe100P77Ge23化合物的结构与磁性

利用高能球磨法和粉末烧结技术制备Mn_(95)Ni_5Fe_(100)P_(77)Ge_(23)化合物。利用X射线衍射仪测量该化合物的X射线衍射花样,测量结果表明该化合物为Fe_2P型六角结构,空间群为P-62m。变温X射线衍射花样分析表明该化合物的相转变温度在280 K左右。通过测量该化合物在0.05 T磁场下的变温磁化强度,得出其居里温度为284 K。测量Mn_(95)Ni_5Fe_(100)P_(77)Ge_(23)化合物在居里温度附近的等温磁化曲线,发现在居里温度以上出现了明显的由磁场增大引起的变磁转变现象。     

自旋阀结构中的力致磁阻效应

采用变分法研究了外应力场下铁磁单层膜、铁磁/反铁磁双层膜系统的磁化性质,进而研究了由铁磁单层膜和铁磁/反铁磁双层膜所构建的自旋阀结构中的磁电阻与外应力场之间的关系.结果表明,铁磁膜中的磁化性质与膜面内所加应力场的大小,方向密切相关,而反铁磁层的嵌入将明显地改变着铁磁层的磁矩向应力场方向磁化的行为.特别地,在应力场方向垂直于铁磁易轴情况下,当应力场日H_λ=2(K_1+K_(up)/3M)时,将发生磁化从易轴方向到应力方向的突变.为此,可采用自旋阀结构,通过其膜面内的应力场所调控的磁电阻效应,构建纳米尺度下的力磁传感器.     

Fe掺杂多晶样品DyMn1-xFexO3的磁热效应和电性

采用传统的固相反应法制备DyMn_(1-x)Fe_xO_3多晶样品,通过测量了样品的磁化强度与温度的变化关系曲线(M-T)、磁化强度与温度的变化关系曲线(M-H)和电阻率与温度的变化曲线(ρ-T),对各组分下样品的磁性和电性进行了研究。研究结果表明,在低温区x=0和x=0.025样品表现为反铁磁态,而x=0.075样品在低温区ZFC曲线与FC曲线出现分叉,表现为铁磁反铁磁共存。分别在57,137和157 K以下观察到类Griffiths相,T_G温度以上样品都表现为顺磁特性。在外加磁场为7 T时磁熵变达到最大值,最大值分别为10,12,9 J/(kg·K)。最大制冷能力为320 J/kg(x=0.025)。综合磁熵变最大值及制冷能力数值来看,该材料可以作为磁制冷候选材料。通过对ρ-T曲线及ρ-T曲线的拟合曲线研究发现,系列样品均为半导体且加磁场后的电阻率高于零场下的电阻率,说明在低温处磁场有不利于电传导。系列样品在高温部分的导电方式均遵循小极化子的导电方式。     

磁场对铁磁试件力磁耦合关系的影响研究

为研究磁场对铁磁试件力磁信号分布规律的影响,对不同附加环境磁场下的45#钢试件进行静载拉伸试验,检测试件表面的磁记忆信号B的大小,并对试件在不同附加环境磁场下的力磁耦合关系进行分析讨论。试验结果表明:在磁场环境作用下B随应力增大而增大,在屈服点附近达到最大值,此后各点B值基本保持稳定;附加环境磁场并未改变力磁信号的变化规律,但可增加磁记忆信号的大小数值,且磁化状态变化量D随着附加环境磁场的增大而增大,当H为240 A/m时达到最大,随后开始减小;在塑性变形阶段,力磁信号表现为先减小后增大的磁化反转现象。故附加环境磁场不影响金属磁记忆技术的定性评价,但影响定量评价,因此可用磁记忆检测技术来判断铁磁试件的力磁耦合特征,对金属磁记忆定量检测的进一步研究具有重要意义。     

Low temperature noncollinear behavior in FePt nanogranular thin film system

We report the low temperature noncollinear magnetic behavior of direct current (DC) sputtered FePt thin films investigated by performing DC magnetization, thermoremanence, magnetic relaxation, and electrical transport measurements down to 1.8 K. The obtained results, interestingly, indicate a transition from ferromagnetic state to a low temperature disordered state where a collective frozen magnetic state with grain moments oriented randomly occurs. The magnetic relaxation and electrical resistivity measurements at low temperature support the spin-glass like phase, which diminishes and finally disappears with an applied field of moderate strength. We interpret the observed low temperature noncollinear magnetic behavior to be due to random freezing of grain moments.     

Magnetic Properties of GdCoAsO

The magnetic properties of GdCoAsO have been investigated as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Complicated magnetism consists of antiferromagnetic, ferromagnetic, and paramagnetic has been observed. Most interestingly, magnetization measurements performed under low field, exhibit negative magnetization. Ferrimagnetic transition occurs at 137 K, which results from antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between Gd and Co magnetic moments, and then followed by transition to antiferromagnetic state. There exist three antiferromagnetic transitions at 12 K, 43 K, and 75 K, respectively. Antiferromagnetic transition at 75 K is independent of the magnetic field and at 43 K decreases with increasing field. Antiferromagnetic transition at 12 K corresponds to the antiferromagnetic ordering of Gd. A metamagnetic transition between two antiferromagnetic orders is observed just below 75 K. With increasing temperature, the metamagnetic transition field decreases. The magnetic phase diagram has been established.     

Dependence of Magnetization on Temperature, Magnetoresistance Effect and Magnetic Phase Diagram for the Layered Gd5Ge4 Compound

The dependence of dc magnetization and electrical transport on temperature were systemically studied for the layered Gd₅Ge₄ compound. A complex coexistence behavior of ferromagnetism (FM) with antiferromagnetism (AFM) phase and significant magnetoresistance effect were found under the inducement by the applied magnetic field. The results show an unusual magnetoresistance (MR) effect with opposite behavior at the high and low temperatures, which is positive at high temperature region and negative at low temperature region for the layered Gd₅Ge₄ alloy. And its MR maximum is close to 50%, which can be a very large numerical value e.g. for giant magnetoresistance (GMR) materials. From the magnetization loop under different temperatures, also a magnetization step behavior was found below ∼6.2 K. The results proved an existence of reentrance AFM phase at low temperature. From experimental data, also the magnetic phase diagram is obtained. This kind of complex magnetization is analyzed and discussed in the frame of phase separation. The experimental results opened also the possibility of application of the layered Gd₅Ge₄ compound in the fields of information record and sensor technique.      

Temperature and Magnetic Field-Induced Spin Reorientation in Rare-Earth Perovskite ErFe<Subscript>0.75</Subscript>Cr<Subscript>0.25</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>

We report the synthesis of a single-phase rare-earth perovskite ErFe_0.75Cr_0.25O₃ polycrystalline and its magnetic properties. A transition occurs at temperature T _N = 120 K below which we observe a weak magnetic moment from the canted antiferromagnetism. Interestingly, ErFe_0.75Cr_0.25O₃ reveals the compensation-like behavior at T _comp?like = 27 K, where the net magnetic moments of transition-metal ions are antiparallel and equal to the induced net moment of Er³⁺ ions, and the paramagnetic contribution of Er³⁺ moment presenting a nonzero magnetization. The temperature-dependent magnetization measurement shows a spin reorientation transition from Γ₄ to Γ₁ at 6 K. Furthermore, it is also observed that there is a spin-flop transition at low temperature induced by external magnetic field in Γ₁ state (antiferromagnetic state). The interaction between (Fe/Cr)-3d and Er-4f electrons drives an extremely interesting spin reorientation transition which is highly sensitive to magnetic field and temperature.     

Gd2Co2Al合金的磁相变及磁热效应

电弧炉熔炼的Gd2Co2Al合金在铸态条件下即为W2Co2B型单相正交结构。变温磁化曲线表明,当外加磁场为0.01和0.1T时,可以在40、77和215K附近观察到磁相变;而外加磁场增加到1T以上时,40和215K温度处的磁相变消失。在排除第二相相变的前提下,推测215和77K处的相变对应Gd2Co2Al合金中Co和Gd次晶格的磁有序相变,而40K处的相变可能是由于自旋重取向产生。在0～5T磁场变化下,Gd2Co2Al合金在77K附近的最大磁熵变(-ΔSMmax)为10.7J/kgK,相对制冷量的值为5.4×102J/kg,表明该合金适合作为工作在液氮温区附近的磁致冷工质。     

Effect of magnetic field on a spin-peierls cuprate,CuGeO3

We measured the static magnetization of polycrystalline CuGeO₃, which exhibits the spineierls transition around 14.0 K in the absence of the magnetic field. The field dependence of the magnetization below 14.0 K shows a characteristic nonlinear process associated with a phase transition, and phase boundaries between the dimerized phases and other phases were obtained. The magnetic phase diagram qualitatively agrees with that of an organic spin-Peierls material. The phase transition is of first order below 10.0 K, and of second order above 10.0 K. Above 10.0 K, the critical field decreases from 13 to 0 T with increasing temperature. On the other hand, it is nearly independent of temperature below 10.0 K.     

Effect of magnetic field on a spin-peierls cuprate, CuGeO3

We measured the static magnetization of polycrystalline CuGeO₃, which exhibits the spineierls transition around 14.0 K in the absence of the magnetic field. The field dependence of the magnetization below 14.0 K shows a characteristic nonlinear process associated with a phase transition, and phase boundaries between the dimerized phases and other phases were obtained. The magnetic phase diagram qualitatively agrees with that of an organic spin-Peierls material. The phase transition is of first order below 10.0 K, and of second order above 10.0 K. Above 10.0 K, the critical field decreases from 13 to 0 T with increasing temperature. On the other hand, it is nearly independent of temperature below 10.0 K.     

(La0.9Bi0.1)2/3Ca1/3MnO3磁性和电输运性质研究

利用固相反应法制备了(La0.9Bi0.1)2/3Ca1/3MnO3样品,研究了它的导电特性和磁性.在电阻和磁化测量中观察到热滞现象. 在电阻-温度(R-T)曲线中出现了两个峰,当施加5T外场时,电阻中的热滞现象被抑制,只观察到一个峰.磁化(M-T)曲线表明,在居里温度(Tc)以下发生了顺磁-铁磁(PM-FM)相变. 样品不同寻常的M-T行为能够很好地解释测量到的R-T曲线.     

Interface effect of magnetic properties in Ni nanoparticles with a hcp core and fcc shell structure

We have fabricated hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Ni nanoparticles covered by a face-centered cubic (fcc) Ni surface layer by polyol method. The magnetic properties have been investigated as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field. The magnetic behavior reveals that the system should be divided magnetically into three distinct phases with different origins. The fcc Ni phase on the shell contributes to the superparamagnetism through a wide temperature range up to 360 K. The hcp Ni phase at the core is associated with antiferromagnetic nature below 12 K. These observations are in good agreement with the X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism measurements. In our particular case, the unique hcp core and fcc shell structure gives rise to an additional anomaly at 20 K in the zero-field-cooled magnetization curve. Its position is barely affected by the magnetic field but its structure disappears above 30 kOe, showing a metamagnetic transition in the magnetization versus magnetic field curve. This new phase originates from the magnetic exchange at the interface between the hcp and fcc Ni sublattices.