正确选择溴化锂制冷装置中空气冷却器的安装位置

为提高燃气轮机发电机组的输出功率，针对CW251811型燃气轮机组进气系统的结构特点，在原有机组进气系统蒸发冷却装置的基础上，新增溴化锂制冷装置但必须正确选择溴化锂制冷装置中空气冷却器的安装位置，以达到更大程度地提高燃气轮发电机组输出功率的目的，更好地提高燃气轮机电厂的经济效益。     

燃气轮机排气温度对联合循环热经济性的影响

针对燃气轮机排气温度对整体机组变工况运行的重要性,以某三压再热余热锅炉型燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组为研究对象,将余热锅炉侧换热器分为单相换热器和蒸发换热器两类,并采用"效能-单元数"法编写换热模块,分析了燃气轮机排气温度对蒸汽系统热力参数的影响,结合"热经济分析"法探讨燃气轮机、余热锅炉及汽轮机效率的变化,进而得出机组效率和标准煤耗量随燃气轮机排气温度的变化.结果表明:模型在燃气轮机排气温度小扰动工况下有效可行,对进一步分析燃气扰动工况和机组优化运行有一定的实际参考价值.     

直接空冷尖峰冷却系统改造及性能分析

为了降低机组夏季的满负荷发电背压,增加机组夏季出力,需增加机组排汽冷端的散热能力,大多数直接空冷机组进行了尖峰冷却系统改造。介绍了某电厂在原空冷机组的基础上增加湿式尖峰冷却器的改造,并针对夏季高温时段投运尖峰冷却装置后,不同负荷、不同方式运行时机组真空的变化进行了试验分析。结果表明,机组在600MW,450MW负荷、环境温度24℃~35℃,且双泵运行时,机组的背压分别下降8k Pa、4k Pa以上,机组在300MW运行时,投运尖峰冷却装置效率最低。负荷越低,背压越低,投运尖峰冷却装置效率越低。最后对满负荷运行时机组能取得的经济效益进行了评估。     

分布式联合循环机组燃气轮机进气冷却系统性能分析研究

针对某分布式联合循环项目,利用EBSILON热力仿真平台建立了配置有燃气轮机进气冷系统的分布式联合循环机组热力计算模型性能,研究了燃气轮机进口空气降温幅度和机组性能随空气温度、空气湿度以及制冷量等因素的变化规律。结合当地环境条件和经济收益计算边界,分析了利用现有两台溴化锂冷水机组进行燃气轮机进气冷却条件下,机组性能的变化、投运系统后经济收益以及项目的投资回收期。研究结果表明,两台溴化锂冷水机进行燃气轮机进气冷却时,机组输出功率提升约1.20%～3.95%,机组热耗率降低约0.41%～1.01%,每年可产生经济效益约65.6万元,项目的投资回收期为2.97年。     

压气机进气温度对联合循环机组性能影响的探讨

通过热力学模型分析和热力系统平衡计算,研究了9F级燃气轮机压气机进气温度变化对燃气轮机及联合循环发电机输出功率及效率的影响,压气机进气温度变化不仅对燃气轮机联合循环机组满负荷时的性能有影响,在部分负荷运行时对机组的效率也有影响。通过对压气机进气温度进行调节,可以改善燃气轮机联合循环的运行性能。     

AE94.2燃气轮机在上庄电厂的灵活性运行研究

结合实际需求,针对国内首台AE94.2燃气轮机在上庄电厂首次运行,开展了一系列燃气轮机本地化调试和灵活性运行优化等方面工作,包括启动优化、性能优化和运行范围扩展等。通过调试和优化降低了机组扭振,缩短了清吹时间,提升了机组出力,进一步提高了燃气轮机运行灵活性。研究成果对于机组的安全运行和性能提升,以及提高经济效益都具有重要意义。     

燃气轮机进气采用喷雾蒸发冷却方式的温度分析

燃气轮机进气喷雾蒸发冷却系统对其进口空气进行加湿冷却,降低进口空气温度。文中基于加湿过程的基本理论,采用MATLAB编程进行计算分析。通过计算分析,发现空气温度和相对湿度对冷却效果有显著的影响,空气温度越高,相对湿度越小,起降温效果越好。并预估西北某地机组采用喷雾蒸发冷却系统后的经济性,充分显示了我国西北地区燃气轮机机组采用该冷却系统的优越性。     

PG6531型燃气轮机负荷波动故障分析及处理

我厂1#燃机是1992年投入运行的PG6531型燃气轮机发电机组,燃用轻油,现改燃用重油。自从机组投运以来,一直运行稳定。但随着运行时间的增加,后来出现机组负荷波动现象,而且负荷波动日趋增大,已严重影响到机组的正常运行。为了尽早解决机组负荷大幅度波动故障,我们对该现象进行了     

9E级燃气轮机部分负荷进气加热提效技术研究与工程应用

本文在介绍燃气轮机设备运行特性和我国当前燃气轮机发电行业现状的基础上,对燃气轮机部分负荷运行情况进行了仿真计算研究和运行数据分析研究。根据实际运行数据分析,我国燃气电厂机组普遍存在实际运行负荷长期低于设计负荷、燃气轮机部分负荷运行效率衰减、高品位能源浪费巨大的问题。针对燃气电厂机组运行现状,本文通过对PG9171E型燃气轮机机组采用实际运行数据分析和仿真建模计算的方法,重点研究了燃气轮机入口空气温度调整对联合循环机组部分负荷工况性能的影响。根据研究结果,提出了一种利用燃气联合循环系统低品位余热作为热源的燃气轮机联合循环进气加热部分负荷提效技术,并对该技术在我国不同型号燃气轮机机组上的技术应用进行了分析。研究结论和实践结果表明,本文所述的燃气轮机部分负荷进气加热技术系统简洁,系统改造附加进气压损较小,能够适用于我国大部分在运燃气联合循环机组,并且能够显著提高联合循环部分负荷工况的运行效率。     

600MW直接空冷机组加装尖峰冷却装置改造及性能分析

为解决空冷发电厂夏季高背压运行影响汽轮机安全问题,保证机组的出力,直接空冷机组都采用了尖峰冷却装置,以提高直接空冷机组渡夏能力.介绍大唐彬长电厂机组空冷尖峰喷淋装置的改造,并针对夏季高温时段,不同负荷、不同环境温度下,投运尖峰冷却装置后机组真空的变化进行了对比分析;结果表明,机组在600MW、550MW、500MW负荷运行且环境温度26℃～31℃时,机组的背压分别下降4.9kPa、5.1kPa、3.3kPa.机组在550MW～ 600MW运行时,投运尖峰冷却装置效率最高,负荷越低,背压越低时,投运尖峰冷却装置效率越低;最后对机组在满负荷运行情况下所取得的经济效益进行了评估.     

Design and performance analysis of a small solar evaporative cooler

In this paper, the process of design, manufacturing, and performance analysis of a simple yet innovative solar evaporative cooler is illustrated. This investigation aims to evaluate the performance of a very small cooler with minimum energy consumption (10 W). A solar evaporative cooler was made out of various simple electrical and mechanical components. The cooler was tested in a specified room with the volume of 510?×?310?×?320 cm³. In order to evaluate the performance of the cooler, the air temperatures at different locations in the room was measured and compared during five consecutive days. The results showed that the performance of the cooler is relatively reasonable during the summer. However, its performance can be improved using high-performance cooling pads and solar panels. This simple evaporative cooler benefits from the ease of manufacturing process, cost effectiveness, and high portability.     

Experimental characterisation of the operation and comparative study of two semi-indirect evaporative systems

The study described in this paper aims to present the fundamentals in which the operation of two different evaporative cooling systems is based, as well as the experimental results developed to characterise their behaviour in different conditions of outside air. These results will permit to define, according to the ideas of the systems’ operation, appropriate parameters to characterise the heat and mass exchange processes that take place as well as to compare them, like cooling capacity, thermal or energetic effectiveness; and afterwards developing this comparative analysis. The first system consists of a bank of ceramic pipes arranged vertically and staggered acting as a heat exchanger (SIERCP). In the second case an evaporative cooler has been manufactured with hollow bricks filled with still water (SIECHB). Both systems are called “semi-indirect” because they are designed to act as either direct or indirect evaporative systems depending on the relative humidity of the outdoor and return air streams. Results show that parameters related to the air humidity should be considered; and that the second system behaves generally as a direct evaporative cooler and provides a better performance.     

转炉蒸发冷却器结垢前后数值模拟

针对转炉干法除尘系统蒸发冷却器内部结垢现象影响静电除尘器除尘效率的问题,采用FLUENT软件对蒸发冷却器内部结垢前后的速度场、压力场及温度场进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:烟气进入蒸发冷却器后流速降低,压力逐渐增加;由于雾化水的蒸发冷却作用,烟气温度由800℃降低190℃;蒸发冷却器结垢后烟气压力场与温度场均有所改变,出口平均压力由-104 Pa降低到-229 Pa,平均温度由190℃提高到224℃;出口处烟气温度较结垢前提高了34℃,烟气温度升高导致静电除尘器入口处粉尘比电阻超出最佳电除尘器参数的范围,导致电除尘效率降低。     

Performance improvement of a gas turbine cycle by using a desiccant-based evaporative cooling system

This paper focuses on power augmentation of a typical gas turbine cycle by using a desiccant-based evaporative cooling system. This technique requires a desiccant-based dehumidifying process be used to direct the air through an evaporative cooler, which could be either media-based or spray type. This could assist the evaporative cooling cycle to make necessary adjustment for any possible installation defects in a hot and humid climate. We make a comparison between performance improvement achieved by this technique and those of other evaporative cooling systems in different climatic conditions. We will show that our proposed technique, at least for hot and humid climates, is more effective than other evaporative cooling techniques.     

板式间接蒸发冷却器热工特性的实验研究

对自行研制设计的间接蒸发冷却换热试件开展了实验,研究了影响换热器换热性能的因素。结果表明：板式间接蒸发冷却器换热效率随二次空气入口的速度升高、一次空气入口的温度、二次空气入口的湿球温度升高而变大,随一次空气入口的速度变大而变小。实验结果对于深入认识间接蒸发冷却器的换热机理及开展换热器的优化设计有着很大的指导意义。     

Theoretical analysis on heat and mass transfer in a direct evaporative cooler

The heat and mass transfer between air and water film in the direct evaporative cooler is theoretically analyzed in present paper. A simplified cooling efficiency correlation is proposed based on the energy balance analysis of air. The correlation may be applied to the water-drip cross-flow direct evaporative cooler, in which the wet special durable papers with different wave angles form the air channel. The Influences of the air frontal velocity and the thickness of pad module on the cooling efficiency of a direct evaporative cooler are discussed. An optimum frontal velocity of 2.5 m/s is recommended to decide the frontal area of pad module in the given air flow. The simplified correlation of cooling efficiency is validated by the test results of a direct evaporative cooler.     

Numerical investigation on the heat and mass transfer in a direct evaporative cooler

A simplified mathematical model is developed to describe the heat and moisture transfer between water and air in a direct evaporative cooler. The mass of evaporated water is treated as a mass source of air flow, and the related latent heat of water evaporation is taken as a heat source in the energy equation. The momentum caused by water evaporation is taken into account in the momentum equations. The effective air viscosity and diffusion coefficient are decided experimentally. The models and methods are validated by comparing the numerical results with those of experiment for the same evaporative cooler. The influences of the inlet frontal air velocity, pad thickness, inlet air dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures on the cooling efficiency of the evaporative cooler are calculated and analyzed.The cooling effects of the direct evaporative cooler are predicted for use in four different regions in northwest China using the present numerical method and local weather data for air conditioning design. The predicted results show the direct evaporative cooler with high performance pad material may be well applied for air conditioning with reasonable choices for the inlet frontal velocity and pad thickness.     

Recent researches in indirect evaporative cooler V: relative thermal performance of buildings coupled to direct and indirect evaporative cooler

A mathematical model has been developed to evaluate the relative thermal performance of a building coupled with an indirect or direct evaporative cooler. Using periodic analysis for taking into account thermal storage of building envelope, explicit expressions have been obtained for room air temperature and room air humidity. For comparing their performance under different climatic conditions, numerical calculations have been made taking meteorological parameters for a typical day for Delhi (composite climate), Jodhpur (hot-dry climate) and Madras (hot-humid climate). It is found that the indirect evaporative cooler is a more effective and energy efficient system than the air-conditioner; it can hence be commercially used for computer and electronic exchange applications as well as for human comfort in a variety of climatic conditions, whereas direct evaporative cooler has limited use (only in hot-dry and composite climates). © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

包覆吸水膜的管式蒸发散热器性能的实验研究

应用间接蒸发散热的原理,在空调冷凝器表面包覆吸水膜,利用水蒸发带走热量.这样蒸发面积达到了最大值,并且能够通过毛细力自动补充蒸发的水分.空调冷凝器中热工质的温度和热容比间接散热器中的一次空气大,能够提高蒸发表面温度,提高蒸发量,进而提高散热效率.通过对通有热水的表面覆盖吸水纸膜的单铜管的实验研究,得出了该方式的传热系数以及水膜的,导热系数,证明了该散热方式较空调冷凝器空气强制对流和其它蒸发散热方式的优势.     

包覆吸水膜的管式蒸发散热器性能的实验研究

应用间接蒸发散热的原理,在空调冷凝器表面包覆吸水膜,利用水蒸发带走热量.这样蒸发面积达到了最大值,并且能够通过毛细力自动补充蒸发的水分.空调冷凝器中热工质的温度和热容比间接散热器中的一次空气大,能够提高蒸发表面温度,提高蒸发量,进而提高散热效率.通过对通有热水的表面覆盖吸水纸膜的单铜管的实验研究,得出了该方式的传热系数以及水膜的导热系数,证明了该散热方式较空调冷凝器空气强制对流和其它蒸发散热方式的优势.