RBF神经网络滑模变结构控制在并联机器人中的应用

并联机器人系统结构复杂,具有强耦合、非线性等特点。滑模变结构控制对参数不确定性和外部扰动具有强鲁棒性,不需要被控对象精确数学模型且基于该方法的控制器设计过程是自然解耦过程,适用于并联机器人控制,但是滑模控制普遍存在抖振问题。鉴于此,该文提出RBF神经网络与滑模控制相结合的控制方法,利用RBF神经网络对滑模控制器切换项的增益进行调节,可以有效地降低滑模控制的抖振,获得较好的控制效果。仿真结果表明,该控制方法跟踪性能好,系统误差小,具有较强的鲁棒性,可以满足并联机器人的控制要求。     

基于交流伺服电机驱动的并联机器人动态滑模控制

并联机器人具有刚度大、承载能力强、误差小等特点,针对以交流伺服电机驱动的并联机器人机构--GPM-200并联机构,建立了控制系统模型,并在其工作空间中进行了轨迹规划,而后设计了一种动态滑模控制算法,在Matlab/Simulink上进行了仿真实验,结果表明:该算法鲁棒性好,且系统抗干扰能力强,对系统参数变化不敏感,具有良好的跟踪性能,实现了对该并联机器人的高精度实时控制.     

积分切换面自适应滑模控制及其在并联机器人中的应用

针对交流伺服电机作为驱动装置的2-DOF并联机器人,设计出一种带有积分切换面的自适应滑模控制器。首先,带有积分运算切换面的变结构控制器使系统具有对未知参数变化和外部干扰不敏感的特性。其次,通过设计一种自适应律,实现对系统不确定量的在线辨识估计,以辨识结果实时调整控制器参数,以削弱系统抖动,提高了控制系统的实用性。仿真结果表明所设计控制器抗干扰能力强,能较好地实现2-DOF并联机器人各支路的运动控制,具有较好的稳定性和鲁棒性能。     

并联机器人的智能模糊滑模控制算法

针对以交流伺服电机驱动的二自由度并联机器人,设计了智能模糊滑模控制算法.该方法先设计动态滑模面,使系统的任意初始状态一开始就在滑模面上,消除了滑模控制的到达运动阶段,使系统在响应的全过程都具有鲁棒性;然后设计一种智能模糊控制器,用模糊控制器的输出取代滑模控制切换项的输出.仿真结果表明,该控制方法不仅增强了全局抗干扰能力,而且有效地消除了系统的抖振现象.     

一类非完整系统的分层全局快速终端滑模控制

基于滑模变结构控制理论,提出了一种用于平面二自由度欠驱动机器人非完整系统的全局快速终端滑模变结构控制方法。该方法将系统的状态方程化为标准形式的单输入多输出的非线性系统方程,运用全局快速终端滑模方法分别构造子系统的滑模面,结合这两个滑模面构造一个总的滑模面,利用李雅普诺夫函数和准滑动模态设计方法求取系统总的控制量,以实现主动关节与被动关节的轨迹规划和削弱由于采用滑模变结构控制而产生的抖振。最后利用所提出的方法设计了控制系统并进行仿真,仿真结果证明了该控制方法的有效性与快速性。     

一类非完整系统的分层全局快速终端滑模控制

基于滑模变结构控制理论,提出了一种用于平面二自由度欠驱动机器人非完整系统的全局快速终端滑模变结构控制方法.该方法将系统的状态方程化为标准形式的单输入多输出的非线性系统方程,运用全局快速终端滑模方法分别构造子系统的滑模面,结合这两个滑模面构造一个总的滑模面,利用李雅普诺夫函数和准滑动模态设计方法求取系统总的控制量,以实现主动关节与被动关节的轨迹规划和削弱由于采用滑模变结构控制而产生的抖振.最后利用所提出的方法设计了控制系统并进行仿真,仿真结果证明了该控制方法的有效性与快速性.     

并联机器人的新型趋近率滑模控制研究

对一种驱动冗余四自由度并联机器人进行任务空间实时控制动力学滑模控制研究。基于所构建动力学模型,在任务空间内,提出并设计一种新型加权积分增益型指数趋近率滑模控制方法,利用滑动模态的形成,使控制系统对于不确定参数以及外界干扰具有良好的鲁棒性,同时,通过在趋近率的积分项中引入负的加权值,在保证并联机器人系统轨迹跟踪速度和精度的同时,有效降低起始阶段控制力的幅度并有效削弱输出驱动力的抖振。其次,利用Lyapunov函数,理论证明所设计控制律的稳定性。最后,利用MATLAB对所建立并联机器人动力学模型及所设计控制律进行仿真试验研究,通过与计算力矩控制、一般趋近率滑模控制进行仿真对比,其结果表明了所建立并联机器人动力学模型的实时可控性以及所设计控制方法的有效性。     

六自由度并联机器人线性化反馈RBF神经滑模控制研究

采用分散控制的策略和线性化反馈RBF神经滑模的控制算法,实现了对六自由度并联机器人高精度自适应的轨迹跟踪控制。所设计的控制器实现了控制实时性和自适应性,有效抑制了滑动模态的抖振,仿真结果和实际实验均验证了此方案的实效性。     

Finite-time control for nonlinear spacecraft attitude based on terminal sliding mode technique

In this paper, a fast terminal sliding mode control (FTSMC) scheme with double closed loops is proposed for the spacecraft attitude control. The FTSMC laws are included both in an inner control loop and an outer control loop. Firstly, a fast terminal sliding surface (FTSS) is constructed, which can drive the inner loop tracking-error and the outer loop tracking-error on the FTSS to converge to zero in finite time. Secondly, FTSMC strategy is designed by using Lyaponov's method for ensuring the occurrence of the sliding motion in finite time, which can hold the character of fast transient response and improve the tracking accuracy. It is proved that FTSMC can guarantee the convergence of tracking-error in both approaching and sliding mode surface. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

基于terminal滑模控制的小卫星机动方法

采用terminal滑模控制方法研究了以单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)为执行机构的小卫星的姿态机动控制。首先,基于修正罗德里格斯(MRP)参数建立了小卫星数学模型,以terminal滑模控制方法进行控制力矩规划。然后,采用SGCMGs作为小卫星执行机构,以非对角奇异鲁棒操纵律跟踪terminal滑模控制产生的期望力矩;通过仿真分析归纳出terminal滑模控制设计参数的变化规律和选取原则。最后,利用小卫星三轴气浮转台实验验证termianl滑模控制方法的实用性。实验显示:根据参数选取原则设定的参数进行小卫星机动稳定实验得到的姿态角和姿态角速度控制精度和稳态误差分别小于0.1°和0.01(°)/s,满足三轴气浮转台最佳控制精度。结果表明terminal滑模控制方法在小卫星机动稳定任务中具有很高的控制精度和稳定度,能够为小卫星成像任务稳定执行提供良好的基础。     

Robust stabilization of underactuated nonlinear systems: A fast terminal sliding mode approach

This paper presents a fast terminal sliding mode based control design strategy for a class of uncertain underactuated nonlinear systems. Strategically, this development encompasses those electro-mechanical underactuated systems which can be transformed into the so-called regular form. The novelty of the proposed technique lies in the hierarchical development of a fast terminal sliding attractor design for the considered class. Having established sliding mode along the designed manifold, the close loop dynamics become finite time stable which, consequently, result in high precision. In addition, the adverse effects of the chattering phenomenon are reduced via strong reachability condition and the robustness of the system against uncertainties is confirmed theoretically. A simulation as well as experimental study of an inverted pendulum is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed technique.     

Adaptive second-order fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for robotic manipulators

This paper presents an adaptive chattering-free sliding mode controller for trajectory tracking of robotic manipulators in the presence of external disturbances and inertia uncertainties. To achieve fast convergence and desirable tracking precision, a second-order fast nonsingular terminal sliding mode (SOFNTSM) controller is designed to guarantee system performance and robust stability. Chattering is eliminated using continuous control law due to high-frequency switching terms contained in the first derivative of actual control signals. Meanwhile, uncertainties are compensated by introducing the adaptive technique, whose prior knowledge about upper bound is not required. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

焊接机器人非奇异Terminal滑模控制系统研究

针对焊接机器人不确定性系统的特点,进行了非奇异Terminal滑模控制系统研究。建立了焊接机器人动态模型;确定了控制系统的硬件结构,并在此基础上探讨了系统非奇异Terminal滑模控制的基本原理。最后,结合实例对焊接机器人非奇异Terminal滑模控制系统进行了数值仿真。结果表明,该控制系统的自适应性强,精度高,误差可以快速收敛到0。     

Anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque PMSM based on second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer

This paper presents an anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer. According to the coordinate transformation theory, the mathematical model of PMSM is established. Subsequently, the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode observer (SNTSMO) is designed to observe the changes of load disturbance in the PMSM system. The SNTSMO combines the advantages of both high-order sliding mode and non-singular terminal sliding mode to achieve the fast convergence and no chattering. Next, the sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed to achieve speed loop control of PMSM. Then, the anti-disturbance compound speed controller is established on the basis of SMC and SNTSMO, wherein the feed-forward compensation is used to reduce the disturbance from the load. Finally, the numerical simulations and experiments are presented according to the schematic diagram of the designed compound speed controller of PMSM. The results demonstrate that the designed SNTSMO can precisely estimate the load disturbance and suppress the effects of buffeting in the traditional sliding mode observer (SMO). Additionally, the designed compound speed controller of PMSM can achieve smooth speed control in the presence of load disturbance, achieve the purpose of anti-disturbance speed control and further improve the robustness of the control system.