GAP基热塑性弹性体的合成与表征

以聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)、亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料,采用两步法合成了一种GAP基的含能热塑性弹性体(ETPE).用差示扫描量热(DSC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热失重(TG)和万能材料拉伸机等对ETPE进行了表征.结果表明,ETPE具有良好的低温性能和热稳定性,高...     

GAP基含能热塑性弹性体的合成与表征

以聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)为软段,1,4-丁二醇(BDO)和4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为硬段,采用熔融预聚体法合成了GAP基含能热塑性弹性体(ETPE)。研究了扩链剂加料方式、催化剂用量、异氰酸酯指数、硬段含量等因素对弹性体力学性能的影响。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、热台显微镜、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重分析(TG)表征了ETPE的性能。结果表明,采用恒速滴加扩链剂方法合成的ETPE具有良好的热稳定性和力学性能。当催化剂质量分数为0.6‰,异氰酸酯指数(R)为0.98,硬段质量分数(Y)为35%时,热塑性弹性体的数均相对分子质量为52 312,软化点为96℃,拉伸强度为14.52MPa,断裂伸长率为518.78%。     

XDI基热塑性聚醚聚氨酯弹性体的合成及表征

以环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃无规共聚醚[P(E-CO-T)]为软段、间苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯(XDI)为硬段、对苯二酚-双(β-羟乙基)醚(HQEE)为扩链剂,采用熔融预聚体法合成了一种新型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)。利用傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱分析仪、动态力学分析仪、热重分析仪和力学性能测试仪器等手段对TPU进行了表征。结果表明,硬段含量为45%(质量分数,下同)的TPU的拉伸强度为17.37 MPa,断裂伸长率为559%,拥有较好的综合力学性能;具有较高的数均相对分子质量和聚醚聚氨酯的结构特征,拥有良好的热稳定性;具有典型的微相分离特征,随着硬段含量的增加,微相分离程度增加。     

含芳杂环热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的合成与表征

为了提高热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)的耐热性,以聚四氢呋喃二元醇(PTMG-2000)为软段,4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)分别与扩链剂1,2,4,5-苯四甲羧酸二酐(PMDA)、3,3',4,4'-苯甲酮四羧酸酐(BTDA)、3,3',4,4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA)和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)反应形成的链段为硬段,经预聚体法合成了一系列不同硬段种类和含量的TPU,考察了它们的热性能和力学性能。研究表明,含芳基酰亚胺基团的引入能有效地提高产品的初始分解温度,BPDA-MDI为硬段的TPU初始分解温度约为260℃,优于以BTDA-MDI和PMDA-MDI为硬段的TPU,更优于常规的以BDO-MDI为硬段的TPU(150℃)。当硬段含量为w=40%时,25℃环境中,含芳基酰亚胺型TPU的邵氏硬度92 A,拉伸强度在36～40 MPa,断裂伸长率500%,均较相同硬段含量的BDO-MDI型TPU高;且80℃下,含芳基酰亚胺型TPU仍有较高的杨氏模量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。与BDO-MDI硬段含量为w=40%的TPU相比,25和80℃下,相同硬段含量的BPDA-MDI型TPU的杨氏模量分别是前者的3.8倍和18倍,拉伸强度是前者的2.1倍和3.4倍,断裂伸长率是前者的1.03倍和2.5倍。此外,含芳基酰亚胺型TPU的弹性恢复能力并未随着它们硬度和刚性的增加而变差,还略优于BDO-MDI型TPU,在100%应变条件下,弹性恢复率均大于81%。     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的合成与应用

一、前言热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(简称TPU)是1958年由B·F.Goodrich公司首先开发的。此后,由于它具有高強度、高耐磨、耐屈挠及耐寒性等优异性能而被人们所认识,因此,其用途日渐广泛,产量逐年递增。TPU的主要生产厂家集中在西欧、日本和     

国外聚氨酯热塑性弹性体新进展

本文对我国外聚氨酯热性弹性将发展的历史沿革，目前主要品种，大制造公司，所用原料，生产方法，成品性能，应用范围和发展方向作一简介。     

热塑性弹性体新品

美国PolyOne(普立万)公司根据与西班牙Merguinsa公司的合同，计划生产一种新型TPU(热塑性聚氨酯)混配料．基础树脂为Merguinsa公司的TPU树脂．商品名为Pearlthane．并由该公司在欧洲以“On-Flex U”的商品名称销售，这种新型热塑性弹性体是与聚己酸内酯(Polycaprolactone)共聚的TPU，特     

热塑性弹性体的开发现状

综述了热塑性弹性体的主要特征及当今六大热塑性弹性体——聚氨酯弹性体、饱和型苯乙烯弹性体、聚氯乙烯弹性体、聚烯烃弹性体、聚酰胺弹性体、聚酰胺弹性体、聚酯弹性体的开发现状。     

聚氨酯热塑性弹性体的应用开发

１何谓热塑性弹性体 热塑性弹性体（ＴＰＥ）是近二十年来受人关注而获得很快发展的一种高分子合成材料,它既有硫化橡胶的应力应变特性——形变随应力的消失而迅速消除,又有热塑性塑料的加工特性——在力与热的作用下能反复熔融流动,制品不经硫化而呈现橡胶的弹性。不论何种热塑性弹性体其分子结构均由“软段”和“硬段”两部分组成。所谓“软段”是指柔软的线型长分子链,它使ＴＰＥ具有一定的弹性形变;“硬段”是指较短的刚性链,它使ＴＰＥ具有一定的刚性和耐热性。所以也可以说热塑性弹性体是介于硫化橡胶和热塑性塑料之间的一种高…     

Thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers from different polymerization methods

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUs) based on 4,4′-methylene-diphenyl diisocyanate, poly(tetramethylene glycol), diamine-terminated aliphatic nylon oligomer, and 1,4-butanediol were synthesized by two different polymerization methods, i.e. one shot and prepolymer methods. The effects of the polymerization method on the thermal and mechanical properties of the TPUs have been studied. A broader distribution of hard segment lengths in TPUs prepared by the one shot method was observed from thermal and tensile property measurements, compared with those prepared by the prepolymer method. TPUs by the one shot method showed a higher T_m of the hard segments and better tensile properties when soft-hard segment interaction was relatively small. However, inferior tensile properties were observed when the soft-hard segment interaction was high; typically when nylon oligomer was used as a soft segment.     

吸水性热塑性橡胶——氧乙烯-氧丙烯-苯乙烯多嵌段共聚物的合成及性能

通过聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、遥爪双羟基聚苯乙烯 3种预聚物以甲苯二异氰酸酯 (TDI)为偶联剂合成氧乙烯 -氧丙烯 -苯乙烯多嵌段共聚物。研究其合成条件、精制及表征 ,并研究其力学性能、吸水性及乳化性质。结果表明 ,某些组成的嵌段共聚物呈现热塑性弹性体行为 ,吸水率达到 5 0 0 %～70 0 %。     

世界热塑性弹性体发展现状

综述了世界上各种热塑性弹性体的发展现状及趋势，论述了它们在橡胶工业的应用情况及前景。     

Preparation and properties of segmented thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers with two different soft segments

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers were prepared from 4,4‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)/1,4‐butanediol (BD)/poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) and MDI/BD/poly(oxytetramethylene glycol) (PTMG). The MDI/BD‐based hard‐segment content of polyurethane prepared in this study was of 39–65 wt %. These polyurethane elastomers had a constant soft‐segment molecular weight (M_n , 2000), but a variable hard‐segment block length (n, 3.0–10.1; M_n , 1020–3434). The effects of the hard‐segment content on the thermal properties and elastic behavior were investigated. These properties of the PPG‐based MPP samples and the PTMG‐based MPT samples were compared. The polyurethane prepared in this study had a hard‐segment crystalline melting temperature in the range of 185.5–236.5°C. With increasing hard‐segment content, the dynamic storage modulus and glass transition temperature increased in both the MPP and MPT samples. The permanent set (%) increased with increasing hard‐segment content and successive maximum elongation. The permanent set (%) of the MPP samples was higher than that of MPT samples at the same hard‐segment content. The value of K (area of the hydrogen‐bonded carbonyl group/area of the free carbonyl group) increased with increasing hard‐segment content in both the MPP and MPT samples, and the K value of the MPT samples was higher than that of the MPP samples at the same hard‐segment content. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 345–352, 1999     

Synthesis and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of thermoplastic polyamide-6 elastomers

Three kinds of thermoplastic polyamide-6 elastomers (TPAEs) with varying polytetramethyleneglycol (PTMG) contents of 10, 20, and 30 wt % were prepared via a one-pot polymerization synthetic route and named as TPAE1, TPAE2, and TPAE3, respectively. First, their structures were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction. The obtained results confirmed that targeted TPAEs were successfully synthesized and the unit cell of crystallization in TPAEs with α form was confirmed. Subsequently, the thermal properties of prepared TPAEs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements, respectively. DSC curves showed that melting points of synthesized TPAEs were in the range of 209.2–215.9 °C. Moreover, TGA results showed TPAEs possess good thermal stability and cannot be decomposed under 300 °C. Additionally, the modified Avrami's equation, Ozawa's theory, and Mo's method were employed to investigate the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of prepared TPAEs. It is found that the Mo's method exhibited great advantages in treating the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of prepared TPAEs. Meanwhile, the crystallization kinetics and halftime are influenced by the contents of PTMG and follows a nonlinear fashion in agreement with the trend inactivation energies calculated by the Kissinger method. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47388.     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体粘合剂的制备及力学性能的研究

以环氧乙烷—四氢呋喃无规共聚醚(PET)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和1,4-丁二醇(BD)为原料,采用预聚法(二步法)合成热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)粘合剂。确定预聚温度为700C,反应温度为1000C,以及预聚反应时间为1.5～2.0小时。通过调整硬段、软段含量对TPU的性质进行优化,获得用于含能材料的粘合剂。通过凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析和力学性能测试对所合成的TPU进行表征。测试结果表明,随着硬段含量的增加,TPU的拉伸强度不断增大,断裂伸长率则降低。当硬段含量在45%～55%时TPU的综合性能达到最佳。     

全丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物热塑性弹性体合成研究进展

作为一类新型的热塑性弹性体,全丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物越来越引起人们的注意。主要介绍全丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物的合成进展,分别介绍了阴离子聚合、基团转移聚合、稳定氮氧自由基聚合和原子转移自由基聚合在合成全丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物热塑性弹性体中的应用,并对其前景进行了展望。     

不同热塑性弹性体增韧聚甲醛

在比较乙烯-辛烯共聚热塑性弹性体(POE)、氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)和凝胶丁腈弹性体(GNBE)增韧聚甲醛(POM)的力学性能基础上,研究了GNBE增韧POM共混物的应力一应变、断裂形貌和热稳定性。结果表明,以GNBE改性POM共混物的力学性能最好。当以质量分数为6％的酚醛树脂为增容剂时,用质量分数为20％的GNBE增韧POM,共混物缺口冲击强度为21．6kJ／m^2,扯断伸长率为133．0％,拉伸强度为33．8MPa。当GNBE质量分数为10％时,POM／GNBE共混物应变为未改性POM的2倍。试样缺口冲击断裂形貌分析表明,POM的断裂表面光滑平整,是典型的脆性断裂;而POM／GNBE共混物的断裂表面粗糙。加入质量分数为20％,的GNBE,POM／GNBE共混物在空气气氛中的热失重温度有明显的提高。     

Rheological characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers

The relationship between the rheological properties and composition of eight thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUEs) was evaluated using a stress‐controlled rheometer. The composition of the TPUEs was changed by varying the OH/NCO ratio, the chain extender and the molecular weight of the macroglycol used in the synthesis. A high molecular weight macroglycol and a low OH/NCO ratio improved the rheological properties of the TPUEs due to the formation of longer or more abundant soft segments, respectively. The nature of the chain extender influenced the rheological properties to a lesser extent. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

热塑性尼龙弹性体研究进展

介绍了热塑性尼龙弹性体（TPAE）的合成机理和合成原料的基本性质。对热塑性尼龙弹性体的性能做出了详细阐述。综述了热塑性尼龙弹性体的生产现状和国内外研究状况。