天然石墨锂离子电池负极材料和循环性能研究

研究了两种提纯天然石墨的方法：热的浓ＮａＯＨ溶液和浓ＨＮＯ３溶液处理。并研究测试了这两类样品及核纯石墨的循环性能,结果表明,经过处理后的天然石墨的循环性能得到很大提高,因此提高天然石墨的纯度可能是提高天然石墨循环性能的重要因素之一。     

不同铵盐添加剂在同一电解液体系中对天然石墨性能的影响

应用循环伏安和恒电流充放电等电化学方法结合微观测试手段傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析了电解液中加入少量不同铵盐后对石墨电极电化学性能的影响。通过与空白溶液比较显示,添加(NH4)_2SO_4能提高天然石墨负极首次循环过程中的充放电容量,降低不可逆容量损失,提高电极的循环性能和倍率充放电性能,扫描电镜和FTIR分析表明,添加适宜浓度的(NH4)_2SO_4有助于改善天然石墨的电化学性能。     

天然石墨鳞片表面接枝改性和热处理的研究

以对氨基苯磺酸、亚硝酸钠为原料,对天然石墨鳞片表面进行了接枝改性处理,显著提高了天然石墨鳞片的亲水性.同时将天然石墨鳞片进行煅烧处理,有效去除生产过程中附着于其表面的各种油性物质及基团.两种处理使石墨鳞片的表面具有均匀分布的亲水性,有利于水合氧化硅在石墨鳞片表面的均匀沉积,从而制备得到性能优异的新型颜料--随角异色效应颜料.     

羧甲基纤维素包覆天然石墨性能的研究

本实验研究了羧甲基纤维素(CMC)包覆对天然石墨电化学性能的影响。通过XRD、恒电流充放电测试手段研究了不同包覆量对该复合材料结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:羧甲基纤维素裂解炭对天然石墨有较好的包覆作用,并且能够有效的阻止石墨在充放电过程中发生层状剥落现象,从而有效的提高复合炭材料的循环稳定性,其中5%树脂包覆量的复合材料在循环50次之后可逆容量是310.9 mAh.g-1,比天然石墨高50 mAh.g-1,并保持了首次可逆容量的97.1%。     

Al2O3-无定形碳复合包覆天然石墨的制备与性能研究

本文针对天然石墨在锂离子电池中首次效率低、循环性能差的问题,开发出Al_2O_3和无定形碳复合包覆技术,制备了Al_2O_3-无定形碳包覆天然石墨。结果表明:天然石墨包覆Al_2O_3-无定形碳后,首次效率提高,满充阳极极片热稳定性提高,全电池循环和日历寿命提高。     

溶液浸渍法提高石墨材料抗氧化性能研究

以硼酸盐、磷酸盐和复合盐三种浸渍剂对石墨材料进行了溶液浸渍法研究，研究结果表明：经溶液浸渍法处理的石墨材料氧化失重率降低，石墨抗氧化性能明显提高。溶液浸渍法是改善石墨材料抗氧化性能的有效途径。     

某钢铁废水浓盐水处理近零排放工程实例

以某钢铁企业污水厂处理工程为例,介绍了浓盐水处理流程、主要工艺参数及项目运行情况。采用“浓水RO+多级反应沉淀池+多介质过滤器+NF+SWRO”工艺对污水厂内反渗透浓盐水进行处理,生产的回用水满足企业生产新水水质要求及工业循环冷却水水质规范要求。     

电渗析膜处理装置回收浓水加热提浓技改

利用结晶硝铵装置二段蒸发后的废热蒸汽对回收浓水进行蒸发提浓,使膜处理回收浓水温度大幅提高,并减少了回收浓水对硝铵溶液二段蒸发及真空结晶的影响,保证了结晶硝铵装置生产的正常进行。     

沥青包覆对天然石墨性能影响研究

以石油基高软化点沥青为包覆剂，通过液相包覆改性天然石墨材料，分别采用氮气吸附、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和电池性能测试等对沥青包覆石墨材料进行表征分析。结果表明，10%沥青包覆比例可以在天然石墨表面形成完整的包覆层，降低比表面积，改善天然石墨材料的循环性能和倍率性能，0.5C下循环150次容量保持率由81.05%提高到94.27%。     

沥青炭涂覆天然石墨用作锂离子电池负极材料的研究

将改质沥青浆料与球形天然石墨粉末混合,然后在氩气气氛保护下经过不同温度热处理制备沥青炭涂覆天然石墨负极材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、电镜扫描(SEM)、偏光显微镜(PLM)及充放电测试等分析测试技术对所制得材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,沥青涂覆处理后石墨材料的电化学性能得到显著改善,经950°C热处理的11%的沥青涂覆改性的天然石墨负极材料具有更高的可逆容量和更好的循环性能。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。