开关磁阻风力发电系统最大风能跟踪控制仿真研究

介绍了开关磁阻发电机工作模式并选用了他励发电模式。在此基础上搭建了以跟踪最大风能为目的开关磁阻风力发电系统模型。针对开关磁阻电机的特点,选择了转速反馈控制方案来实现系统的风能跟踪。在阵风、渐变风、随机风三种典型风速变化下对所搭建系统进行了仿真研究,证明该系统能够完成最大风能跟踪。     

Dynamic Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic Arrays Using Ripple Correlation Control

A dynamically rapid method used for tracking the maximum power point of photovoltaic arrays, known as ripple correlation control, is presented and verified against experiment. The technique takes advantage of the signal ripple, which is automatically present in power converters. The ripple is interpreted as a perturbation from which a gradient ascent optimization can be realized. The technique converges asymptotically at maximum speed to the maximum power point without the benefit of any array parameters or measurements. The technique has simple circuit implementations.     

Maximum Power Point Tracking in Variable Speed Wind Turbine Based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Using Maximum Torque Sliding Mode Control Strategy

The present study was carried out in order to track the maximum power point in a variable speed turbine by minimizing electromechanical torque changes using a sliding mode control strategy. In this strategy, first, the rotor speed is set at an optimal point for different wind speeds. As a result of which, the tip speed ratio reaches an optimal point, mechanical power coefficient is maximized, and wind turbine produces its maximum power and mechanical torque. Then, the maximum mechanical torque is tracked using electromechanical torque. In this technique, tracking error integral of maximum mechanical torque, the error, and the derivative of error are used as state variables. During changes in wind speed, sliding mode control is designed to absorb the maximum energy from the wind and minimize the response time of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). In this method, the actual control input signal is formed from a second order integral operation of the original sliding mode control input signal. The result of the second order integral in this model includes control signal integrity, full chattering attenuation, and prevention from large fluctuations in the power generator output. The simulation results, calculated by using MATLAB/m-file software, have shown the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for wind energy systems based on the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG).     

基于电流单参量控制的MPPT系统的设计

针对现有太阳能最大功率点跟踪控制策略的不足,提出了一种新型的最大功率点跟踪控制策略,即基于电流单参量的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)。首先阐述了该最大功率控制策略的基本原理与可行性,并重点描述了该最大功率点跟踪控制策略的系统设计与调试,其中侧重于系统核心设计:电流监控电路设计和基于纯CMOS数字电路硬件逻辑程序的步进PWM控制器设计,并且详细分析了其工作原理及元器件的选取。经调试与完善,该MPPT控制系统现已能实现最大功率点跟踪,同时显示出它区别于其他控制策略的优势。     

全数字锁相环的设计

本文在说明全数字锁相环的基础上，提出了一种利用FPGA设计一阶全数字锁相环的方法，并给出了关键部件的RTL可综合代码，并结合本设计的一些仿真波形详细描述了数字锁相环的工作过程，最后对一些有关的问题进行了讨论。     

Investigation of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Thermoelectric Generators

In this paper, a thermoelectric generator (TEG) model is developed as a tool for investigating optimized maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms for TEG systems within automotive exhaust heat energy recovery applications. The model comprises three main subsystems that make up the TEG system: the heat exchanger, thermoelectric material, and power conditioning unit (PCU). In this study, two MPPT algorithms known as the perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm and extremum seeking control (ESC) are investigated. A synchronous buck–boost converter is implemented as the preferred DC–DC converter topology, and together with the MPPT algorithm completes the PCU architecture. The process of developing the subsystems is discussed, and the advantage of using the MPPT controller is demonstrated. The simulation results demonstrate that the ESC algorithm implemented in combination with a synchronous buck–boost converter achieves favorable power outputs for TEG systems. The appropriateness is by virtue of greater responsiveness to changes in the system’s thermal conditions and hence the electrical potential difference generated in comparison with the P&O algorithm. The MATLAB/Simulink environment is used for simulation of the TEG system and comparison of the investigated control strategies.     

Dual-Module-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking Control of Photovoltaic Systems

The improved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control method for small-scale dual-module photovoltaic (PV) systems is presented in this paper. With this method, the voltage and current information of each module are shared and utilized for the detection of the maximum-power point (MPP) without measuring power. This approach can be implemented in a simple structure, especially due to the elimination of memory and multiplication devices. The proposed method is verified by a hardware prototype of grid-connected dual-module PV systems with the proposed analog-implemented MPPT controller. In addition, practical issues of the proposed scheme are considered.     

On the necessity of joint adoption of both Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking and Central Maximum Power Point Tracking in PV systems

In this paper, the main causes that are able to limit the efficiency of Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT) are analyzed in detail. It will be shown that, to get full profit from DMPPT, it is necessary that the bulk inverter voltage belongs to an optimal range whose position and amplitude are functions of the following factors: the number of PV modules and dedicated DC/DC converters in a string, the atmospheric operating conditions characterizing each PV module (irradiance and temperature values), the voltage and current ratings of the physical devices the DC/DC converters are made of, and the adopted DC/DC converter topology. Moreover, it will be given proof of the necessity to couple the DMPPT function with a suitable centralized MPPT function carried out by the inverter through the proper control of its own DC input voltage. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

光伏发电中最大功率点跟踪控制方法综述

在光伏发电系统中,光伏电池输出特性具有明显的非线性特征,其输出功率受光照强度及环境温度影响很大。因此,为了提高光伏电池的利用效率,需要快速准确地对光伏电池的最大功率点进行跟踪控制。本文简要介绍了十多种常用的光伏电池最大功率点跟踪控制方法的原理,说明了各种控制方法的优缺点,指出了选择某一方法时需要综合考虑的因素,并展望了光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪方法的发展方向。     

光伏电池最大功率点跟踪控制研究

本文基于光伏电池数学模型,建立了光伏电池仿真模型.该模型能准确反映光伏电池的输出特性,而且参数调节方便.在不同的串联电阻和日照强度变化条件下,对光伏电池输出特性理论分析的基础上,建立实现最大功率跟踪(MPPT)的控制模型,仿真结果证明光伏电池的输出特性呈非线性,并随串联电阻和日照强度的变化而变化.为克服光伏电池输出功率...     

Hardware Implementation of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Thermoelectric Generators

This work describes the practical implementation of two maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms, namely those of perturb and observe, and extremum seeking control. The proprietary dSPACE system is used to perform hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation whereby the two control algorithms are implemented using the MATLAB/Simulink (Mathworks, Natick, MA) software environment in order to control a synchronous buck–boost converter connected to two commercial thermoelectric modules. The process of performing HIL simulation using dSPACE is discussed, and a comparison between experimental and simulated results is highlighted. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the two MPPT algorithms, and in conclusion the benefits and limitations of real-time implementation of MPPT controllers using dSPACE are discussed.     

太阳能最大功率点跟踪控制系统的研究与实现

针对太阳能本身的特点以及其功率特性,运用最大功率点跟踪的方法来实现对系统的控制,从而使太阳能的利用率得到大幅提高,造福人类。     

光伏系统中最大功率点跟踪的研究

最大功率点跟踪是光伏发电研究的一个重要方向。本文介绍了光伏电池组件的特性以及光伏电池阵列最大功率点跟踪的原理,阐述了传统的跟踪光伏电池最大功率点的方法——扰动观察法,在此基础上提出了基于变换器输出电流控制的最大功率点跟踪法,该方法继承了扰动观察法的优点,并且降低了系统的成本,减轻了系统的运算负担。本研究在光伏系统的开发和应用中具有重要的科学研究意义和现实意义。     

Application of Centered Differentiation and Steepest Descent to Maximum Power Point Tracking

This paper concentrates on two critical aspects to improve the performance of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). One improvement is to accurately locate the position of the maximum power point (MPP) by using the centered differentiation. Another effort is to reduce the oscillation around the MPP in steady state by controlling active perturbations. This paper also adopts the method of steepest descent for MPPT, which shows faster dynamic response and smoother steady state than the method of hill climbing. Comprehensive experimental evaluations have successfully illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

一种太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪的算法研究

文中在太阳能直流侧动态模型的基础上,通过对模型的线性化得到直流侧新的动态模型,采用与动态模型相同的变量来估计最大功率。利用MATLAB对模型进行了仿真,结果表明此线性趋近方法得出的估计值与实际值较为一致,具有可行性。     

光伏并网的控制策略与最大功率点跟踪的仿真分析

太阳能是一种丰富干净的可再生性能源,研究可靠的光伏并网发电系统控制策略和光伏电池输出特性与最大功率跟踪是非常重要。该文分析了光伏电池的工程数学模型,根据光伏电源输出特性与交流电源之间功率流动特征,提出了并网控制方案采用电压电流双闭环控制结构方法相结合的单级式光伏并网系统,使光伏电源并网逆变器输出电流完全与电网电压相位一致。此外,针对最大功率跟踪算法的实现和并网控制策略的配合问题进行了稳定性分析,最后通过仿真与实验验证了理论分析的正确性及控制策略的可行性。     

基于模糊理论的光伏发电最大功率点跟踪控制策略研究

介绍了光伏电池的特性,最大功率点跟踪原理和Boost变换电路,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑控制的最大功率点控制策略,即将光伏电池和Boost电路作为一个整体,通过检测负载功率的变化,来调整控制开关占空比,简化了系统。仿真结果表明,当外部环境发生变化的时候,系统能够迅速跟踪此变化,使系统始终工作在最大功率点附近,并具有较好的稳定性。     

Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking (MEPT) Method and Digital Dead Time Control Implementation

An adaptive control method, to be called maximum efficiency point tracking (MEPT), is presented in this paper. This method tracks system efficiency, which is dc–dc converter efficiency in this paper, and adaptively optimizes system parameters to maximize efficiency. The MEPT method is used in this paper to optimize the primary-to-secondary switches' dead-time parameter in an isolated topology to reduce the switches' body diodes conduction during commutation periods and to reduce body diodes conduction and reverse-recovery related losses in order to improve efficiency. MEPT tracks converter efficiency while changing the dead-time and detects the optimized dead-time value at the maximum efficiency point at different load and line conditions. In this paper, the MEPT method is discussed and analyzed, and its digital control algorithm and experimental implementation are presented.     

基于变步长电导增量法的光伏最大功率跟踪控制

太阳能光伏发电的最大功率跟踪控制是小型太阳能发电系统中的核心控制之一.针对光伏电池功率曲线的特点,本文在分析最大功率跟踪原理的基础上,提出了基于变步长电导增量法,实现光伏电池最大功率跟踪的优化控制,最大程度的提高光伏电池效率.并通过与定步长算法的仿真对比实验,验证了该算法跟踪迅速,控制精度高和稳定无振荡的特点.     

局部阴影下光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪算法的研究

在局部阴影条件下,光伏阵列的功率-电压（P-V）特性曲线呈现多峰现象,传统的最大功率点跟踪方法容易受困于局部最大功率点,造成输出功率的损失。提出了基于布谷鸟搜索算法（cuckoo search,CS）的MPPT新方法,利用Lévy飞行搜索机制快速、有效的跳出局部最优的束缚,完成对全局最大功率点的跟踪。仿真和实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。