磁性液体大间隙旋转密封装置的设计及实验研究

针对大型船舶装备中大功率电机冷却蒸发介质的密封问题,设计一种五级九齿大间隙磁性液体与磁性润滑脂组合旋转密封装置,该装置适用于大型船舶高横摇性、高腐蚀性的环境场合。通过耐压公式的理论推导,得到密封耐压能力随磁性液体的饱和磁化强度、磁性润滑脂的屈服应力和密封间隙内磁场梯度的增大而增大的结论。采用ANSYS对该装置间隙内的磁场分布进行有限元分析。在密封实验台上对该装置进行密封耐压实验,结果表明:在最大间隙0.7 mm时,其单级耐压能力仍能达到18 kPa,密封能力随转速的递增保持稳定。理论和实验表明,设计的该密封适合具有腐蚀性环境下的大功率电机或其他高振动装备的大间隙密封场合。     

大间隙磁性液体与迷宫交替式组合密封的数值及试验研究

为了提高大间隙磁性液体密封的耐压能力,在多级磁源磁性液体密封的基础上提出一种新型的磁性液体与迷宫交替式组合密封结构并设计一种普通的具有二级磁源的磁性液体与迷宫交替式组合密封结构。试验研究0.3 mm到0.7 mm间隙下具有机油基、煤油基和酯基磁性液体的交替式组合密封耐压能力,数值模拟该交替式组合密封中密封间隙内的磁场强度,由磁性液体密封耐压理论计算出该交替式组合密封中磁性液体密封的理论耐压值,对交替式组合密封的试验结果与该交替式组合密封中磁性液体密封的理论耐压值进行比较和分析。结果表明,与多级磁源磁性液体密封相比,该交替式组合密封显示良好的密封能力;当密封间隙大于0.4 mm时,该交替式组合密封的耐压能力随着间隙的增大而减小。     

磁性液体往复运动密封耐压公式的理论研究

为了正确得出和验证磁性液体往复运动密封耐压公式,研究了磁性液体往复运动密封中磁性液体的运动机理,利用有限元法分析了密封件的磁场分布及静止耐压能力。利用磁性液体动力学的Navier-Stokes方程与电磁学中的麦克斯韦方程联立推导了磁性液体往复运动密封的耐压公式。在往复运动密封试验台上验证了转速、行程等参数对密封耐压能力的影响。     

高速离心泵磁性液体新型旋转密封结构的设计及实验研究*

针对垃圾焚烧工程急冷系统中高速离心泵密封问题,设计一种五极六靴二十四齿的磁性液体旋转密封装置,该装置适用于焚烧的高温烟气环境条件,使用寿命长。理论上推导考虑温度和离心力因素的磁性液体密封耐压公式,得出密封耐压力为线速度的二次函数,温度的一次函数。用Ansys有限元分析软件计算该密封结构分别在间隙0.4、0.5、0.6和0.7 mm下的磁性液体磁场分布。结果表明:密封耐压能力随着密封间隙的减小而逐渐递增,而由于漏磁的存在,递增的程度并非线性的;磁力线分布表明,在第一、六极靴和二、五极靴处漏磁较大。密封实验中得出最大间隙为0.7 mm时单级密封耐压能力达到51.7 kPa。     

压缩机活塞杆磁性液体密封设计与试验研究

为探索往复密封的新方法,对2D25W-69、2.2～8.8压缩机活塞环进行往复密封研究.分析传统的往复密封方式和磁性液体往复密封的缺陷,提出组合往复密封结构的观点.针对2D25W-69、2.2～8.8压缩机活塞环工况条件,设计出三种磁性液体组合密封结构:三斜口填料-磁性液体组合密封结构,C形滑环-磁性液体组合密封结构和改进后的C形滑环-磁性液体组合密封结构.从理论上分析上述三种磁性液体组合密封结构的磁场分布和密封耐压能力.在试验方面,设计、安装了磁性液体往复密封试验台;在设计的往复密封试验台上,测试三种组合密封结构的密封性能.试验结果表明:改进后的C形滑环-磁性液体密封结构具有一定的实际价值.     

大间隙磁性液体静密封研究

为满足航空、航天、冶金等领域大间隙静密封要求,建立磁性液体静密封试验台,设计出磁性液体静密封试验件。在试验台上对磁性液体静密封进行深入研究,通过试验得出磁性液体静密封耐压、磁性液体注入量与密封间隙、密封温度和磁性液体磁化强度的关系。从理论上,计算试验件密封间隙中磁场分布,推导出磁性液体静密封耐压和温度关系的解析表达式,计算磁性液体静密封在不同间隙,不同饱和磁化强度下的最大耐压能力。理论分析和试验表明,在大间隙下磁性液体静密封能够满足一定耐压要求,具有实用价值。     

基于纳米磁性液体的托辊密封与润滑设计及仿真

针对托辊通常采用的迷宫密封和唇形密封存在的不可靠、寿命短等问题,提出基于纳米磁性液体的托辊密封与润滑方案。通过设计托辊内外磁性液体密封件,选用兼顾密封与润滑性能的纳米磁性液体,形成可靠液体密封的同时对轴承进行润滑。利用ANSYS有限元软件分析磁性液体密封结构的磁场强度分布规律,计算密封间隙处磁感应强度和磁性液体密封的耐压能力。仿真结果表明,托辊的磁性液体密封结构设计合理,密封耐压能力满足使用要求。     

磁性液体密封耐压与启动力矩的影响因素研究

由于驱动电机的功率和力矩的限制,一些动密封场合对启动力矩有着明确的要求,相较于传统的密封导致启动力矩较大,磁性液体密封在启动力矩方面有更大的优势。但是在不同的环境中,磁性液体密封的启动力矩波动较大,无法达到某些极端密封场合对耐压和力矩的双重要求,从而限制了磁性液体密封在该类密封场合的应用。以温度为切入点,就磁性液体密封的耐压能力和启动力矩进行理论和实验研究,得到温度与磁性液体密封耐压能力和启动力矩的关系。结果表明：磁性液体密封的间隙越小,耐压能力越大;温度越低,最大耐压值越大,-40℃时最大耐压值为80℃时的5倍;启动力矩随压力的增加而逐渐减小;温度越低,启动力矩越大,-40℃时的启动力矩接近20℃时的5倍,并且在低温磁液用量对密封启动力矩的有明显影响。     

磁性液体密封耐压能力参数化分析

针对某型飞机磁性液体密封,利用COMSOL有限元分析软件建立不同结构参数的磁性液体密封模型,计算不同密封间隙、极齿宽度、极齿高度、极齿位置、极齿形状下密封的磁场强度差值,进而判断不同磁性液体密封结构的耐压能力。研究结果表明：密封间隙、极齿宽度对磁性液体密封耐压能力影响较大,极齿高度和极齿位置对磁性液体密封耐压能力影响较小;极齿形状为梯形时密封效果最好。通过比较分析,选择最优磁性液体密封结构参数,为磁性液体密封耐压能力研究提供了理论依据。     

磁性润滑脂密封温升及功率损耗的实验研究

磁性润滑脂密封在运转过程中的温升对其使用寿命影响较大.针对这一问题,设计一种多级磁性润滑脂密封实验装置,通过实验研究密封介质压力、磁性润滑脂注入量、密封间隙及转速对磁性润滑脂密封温升的影响,分析不同转速下密封的功率损耗.结果表明:磁性润滑脂的径向截面形状以及剪切速率是温升的主要影响因素;在保证密封承压能力的前提下,适当减少磁性润滑脂注入量,增大密封间隙,可以减少磁性润滑脂的发热量;磁性润滑脂密封的功率损耗随转速升高而增大,且比理论计算结果大,因此在密封系统设计时应予以充分考虑.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.