Ti／TiO2-Pt修饰电极的制备及电催化性能研究

为了提高Ti／TiO2电极的催化性能，采用阳极氧化法在钛基体上制备出具有纳米管状的多孔Ti／TiO2薄膜，在此膜上采用阴极电化学沉积方法沉积Pt来制备Ti／TiO2-Pt修饰电极。用XRD，FESEM分析了沉积前后成分、晶相结构以及表面形貌的变化。结果表明：Pt优先沉积在Ti／TiO2管口以及管边缘处。用循环伏安曲线和极化曲线分析表明，沉积Pt的Ti／TiO2电极其电催化性能得到了明显改善。     

Ti/nano-TiO2-Pt复合电极催化甲醇氧化的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)制备纳米TiO2(Ti/nano-TiO2)膜电极,再用电沉积法在纳米TiO2膜上修饰Pt微粒,制成Ti/nano-TiO2-Pt复合电极.用循环伏安法研究了纯Pt丝电极和Ti/nano-TiO2-Pt电极对甲醇氧化的电催化活性以及稳定性.结果表明:对甲醇氧化,复合电极比Pt丝电极具有更高的催化活性,且对甲醇氧化中间产物CO的吸附量少,因而不易中毒;复合电极载铂量达到一定值时,电极具有最强的催化活性.     

高分散、超细Pt颗粒在碳纳米管上的制备及其作为高效电催剂性能研究（英文）

研究了不同分散程度的双壁碳纳米管(DWCNTs)作为载体沉积Pt,得到了尺寸2.08 nm的Pt颗粒均匀分散于DWCNTs表面。这种尺寸与分散状态的Pt颗粒相比其样品显示了极高的电催化活性(电流密度为0.022 A·cm-2,电化学比表面积为86.38 m2·g-1)。进一步的分析表明,载体在溶液中的浓度对形成Pt颗粒的尺寸和分布具有重要影响,这种尺寸与分散状态的Pt颗粒可以实现高电催化活性和低成本的Pt催化剂制备。     

Pt-Ru-Eu／C电催化氧化甲醇的性能研究

采用脉冲电沉积法制备Pt—Ru．Eu／C电催化剂，循环伏安法（cv）测定催化剂的甲醇电氧化活性，用XRD，EDS和XPS表征电极及催化剂的物性结构、表面元素组成和价态形式。结果表明，电催化剂中Pt-Ru-Eu以合金的形式存在，在合金表面存在EuOx；合金微粒比表面积为55．8m^2．g^-1，粒径为4．6nm；掺杂适量稀土金属Eu对Pt．Ru合金活性有一定的促进效应，其中原子比为Pt：Ru：Eu=1：1：0．2时电催化活性较高。原子比过高则Pt-Ru-Eu活性低于Pt-Ru；在掺杂少量Eu时，Pt—Ru—Eu与Pt—Ru的Tafel常数b相近，常数a以Pt：Ru：Eu=1：1：0．2最小；甲醇反应级数为0．12级，反应活化能为28.3kJ·mol^-1。     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed and Ultrafine Pt Particles on Carbon Nanotubes used as an Effective Electrochemical Catalyst

研究了不同分散程度的双壁碳纳米管(DWCNTs)作为载体沉积Pt,得到了尺寸2.08 nm的Pt颗粒均匀分散于DWCNTs表面。这种尺寸与分散状态的Pt颗粒相比其样品显示了极高的电催化活性(电流密度为0.022 A·cm?2,电化学比表面积为86.38 m2 ·g-1)。进一步的分析表明,载体在溶液中的浓度对形成Pt颗粒的尺寸和分布具有重要影响,这种尺寸与分散状态的Pt颗粒可以实现高电催化活性和低成本的Pt催化剂制备     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2及其光催化活性研究

采用正交设计方法，试验研究了4种因素对溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响，确定了各因素所对应的最佳水平，得到了溶胶-凝胶法制备高光催化活性纳米TiO2的最佳工艺条件；且对最佳工艺条件制备的TiO2和商业粉P-25进行了XRD和UV-Vis吸收光谱分析。结果表明，自制的TiO2由纯锐钛矿组成，其平均晶粒尺寸为18．2nm，比混晶型的P-25TiO2晶粒尺寸（24．7nm）要小。自制TiO2粉在330～370nm的紫外光区的吸收增强，在可见光区的吸收也较P-25有所增强。两者都有利于光催化活性的提高，使得光催化降解甲基橙的活性与P-25相当。     

氢传感器用铂电极的制备及性能研究

采用浆料涂覆烧结法制备铂电极,对比了基材处理方式(磁控溅射/喷砂)、铂黑(Ptb)和氧化铂(PtO₂)粒径差异对电极形貌、附着力、方阻及电催化性能的影响。结果表明,基材采用磁控溅射法制备的涂层表面结构优于喷砂法的涂层,使其剥离强度均略高于喷砂处理的样品;针对于粉末粒度,需控制在一定范围内(即Ptb(350nm)和PtO₂(350nm)),其制备的涂层表面易形成蜂窝状或絮状的微连接结构,可显著降低方阻,提高其附着力。对结构和附着力较好的Ptb/Pt电极和PtO₂/Pt电极进行CV曲线分析,PtO₂/Pt电极的电催化性能优于Ptb/Pt电极。     

碱性介质中Pt纳米线电极对甲醇提高的电催化氧化活性（英文）

借助阳极氧化铝模板,通过交流电沉积的方法制备了Pt纳米线。通过透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等检测手段分别对Pt纳米线的组织形貌、晶体结构和化学状态等进行了表征。通过循环伏安法(CV)和时间电流法(i-t)对Pt纳米线在KOH碱性介质中的电催化氧化性能进行了表征。结果表明:Pt纳米线的直径约为65~75nm,纳米线径向呈毛刺结构,属于多晶态结构。Pt纳米线电极在碱性介质中对甲醇具有高的电催化氧化活性,约为商业Pt/C(JM公司)催化剂的1.38倍。此外,对Pt纳米线的催化机理进行了简要分析。     

钛基DSA阳极在电镀铬工艺中的应用研究

通过Hull槽电解、电化学特性和长期稳定性测试的方法研究了DSA (IrO₂,Ta₂O₅),DSA (IrO₂,Pt) 阳极和PbSn合金阳极在电镀铬溶液中的性能,并进行对比分析。结果表明,钛基DSA阳极真实活性比表面远远大于其几何表面;在镀铬溶液中表现出较低的析氧电位和较好的电催化活性,尤其是DSA (IrO₂,Pt) 阳极在高电流密度下表现出更好的电催化活性;但是由于溶液中的F^-添加剂侵蚀Ti基体使得钛基涂层阳极在镀铬溶液中的稳定性和寿命均比PbSn合金阳极短。     

钛基钌系氧化物涂层阳极电催化水处理活性与失活

电催化氧化是一种环境友好型水处理技术。钛基钌系氧化物涂层阳极在电催化水处理中的活性与失活对其使用效率和寿命至关重要。钛基钌系氧化物涂层阳极电催化活性主要来源于氧化物原子桥位产生的活性位及表面电子态，活性机理可归为价态转变、晶格氧输运及原位吸附活性位的产生。阳极失活主要是涂层溶蚀、TiO2钝化膜生成和涂层“毒化”等原因造成。通过增加中间层、掺杂、构建梯度型涂层及消除p-n结等途径可抑制阳极失活，提高使用寿命。     

载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极的制备及电催化性能

用水热法在二氧化钛纳米管上负载纳米铂微粒,制备出大比表面积、高表面原子数的载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极。 SEM和XRD分析证明纳米管上已负载20~30 nm的铂微粒。循环伏安测试结果表明：不含染料的体系中,载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极在0.13 V处的氧化峰电流密度为Pt片电极的10倍;含染料的体系中,载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极上对酸性大红GR的氧化峰电流密度达到Pt片电极上的4.2倍。对酸性大红GR的降解实验表明,载铂二氧化钛纳米管电极催化活性高、降解快速高效     

Fabrication, annealing, and electrocatalytic properties of platinum nanoparticles supported on self-organized TiO2 nanotubes

The platinum nanoparticles supported on self-organized TiO2 nanotubes （Pt-TiO2/Ti） were prepared using electrochemical anodic oxidation followed by cathodic reduction. The structure and chemical nature of the Pt-TiO2/Ti electrocatalyst were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Both XRD and SEM results indicate the presence of platinum on nanotubular TiO2. The stability of the Pt deposits was also investigated in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution by cyclic voltammetry. The electrocatalytic activity of the Pt-TiO2/Ti catalyst exhibits enhancement effect during electro-oxidation of methanol when annealed to anatase. Successive cyclic voltam- mograms of methanol oxidation on the Pt-TiO2/Ti electrocatalyst shows unique electrocatalytic characteristics when compared to methanol oxidation on the bulk Pt catalyst. This is because of further quick oxidation of adsorbed CO by Pt （111） facets of Pt particles on self-organized TiO2 nanotubes when the formation of an electroactive film onto the working catalyst surface occurs.     

铂钛电极制备方法研究进展

铂钛电极具有密度低、强度高、耐腐蚀、导电性能好、催化活性高等优点,已经被大量用于航空航天、船舶、电解、化工等领域。综述了铂钛电极的主要制备方法,包括机械加工、爆炸复合、化学气相沉积、物理气相沉积、电阻焊接、化学镀以及水溶液电镀。介绍了这些制备方法的基本原理、过程和适用范围,以及采用这些方法制备的铂钛电极的特点。铂层组织结构以及铂层与钛基体界面结构的调控仍是制备铂钛电极需要研究的重点。     

不同工艺制备的铁电薄膜底电极Pt／Ti

采用高真空电子束蒸与直流溅射在ＳｉＯ２／Ｓｉ基底上制备Ｐｔ／Ｔｉ底电极,对Ｐｔ／Ｔｉ在不同热处理温度下的结构与形貌进行对比研究。结果表明;由于采用不同的制备工艺,Ｐｔ晶粒在成核与生长方式上有所不同,导致了Ｐｔ薄膜在结构与形貌的差异。     

Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole films over each of well-aligned carbon nanotubes

Polypyrrole (PPy) films were uniformly electropolymerized over each carbon nanotube of the well-aligned carbon nanotube arrays. For comparison, PPy films were also coated on flat metallic titanium (Ti) and platinum (Pt) substrates by the same technique. The synthesis and the redox performance of the PPy films were conducted by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The structural characterization including the thickness and uniformity of the PPy films was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is observed that the coating of the PPy film over carbon nanotubes is much faster than that on flat Ti/Pt surface. Furthermore, the redox performance of the PPy-coated carbon nanotube electrodes over flat Ti/Pt electrodes was significantly improved due to the high accessible surface area of the carbon nanotubes in the aligned arrays, especially in large film formation charge (Q_film). It is very promising that the electrode developed in this study could be used as high performance electrode in rechargeable batteries.     

Characteristics of ZnO thin film deposited on various metal bottom electrodes

ZnO films for electronic applications were deposited by radio-frequency (rf) sputtering onto various metal bottom electrodes (Pt/Ti, W, Ni) to investigate such structural properties as crystallinity and surface morphology. The crystallinity, surface morphology and composition of the as-deposited films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Rutherford back-scattering spectrometry (RBS), respectively. The preferred orientation and surface morphologies were strongly influenced by the type of bottom electrodes. The ZnO films with (200) texturing deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si showed a smoother and smaller grain size than those deposited on W and Ni. The ZnO films on Pt and W electrodes exhibited compressive residual stress. This article is based on a presentation made in the 2002 Korea-US symposium on the “Phase Transformations of Nano-Materials”, organized as a special program of the 2002 Annual Meeting of the Korean Institute of Metals and Materials, held at Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea on October 25–26, 2002.     

Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Pt-SiO2/TiO2 with Core-Shell Structure

以直径300 nm左右的SiO2微球为核,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2/TiO2核壳结构光催化剂,并以化学还原法对其进行Pt沉积。采用XRD、XPS、TEM、DRS、PL对制备样品进行表征。结果表明,Pt主要以Pt(0)形式存在,不均匀地分布在SiO2/TiO2表面。Pt的沉积使得光催化剂在可见光区域的光吸收增强,电子与空穴分离效率明显提高。测定了罗丹明B在不同光催化剂上的吸附常数。结果表明,核壳结构有利于罗丹明B在光催化剂表面的吸附,沉积Pt可显著提高光催化降解反应的动力学常数。Pt的最优沉积量为0.5%     

Photoelectrocatalytic properties and reactivity of Ti/Au-TiO2 mesh electrodes

A kind of photoelectrode was innovated by anodising titanium mesh in H2SO4 solution and photo-reduced in HAuCl4 solution and named Ti/Au-TiO2 mesh electrode.The structural and surface morphology of the Ti/Au-TiO2 mesh was examined by X-ray diffraction,laser Raman spectra,scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively.The results indicate that its crystal structure,morphology and the size of pore are affected greatly by gold deposition.XPS measurement show that the valence band of Ti/TiO2 has two peaks:a wide one at 4.97eV and a narrow one at 6.61eV,which correspond mainly to π(nonbonding)and σ(bonding)O 2p orbitals,The emission intensity of O 2p orbitals becomes stronger and the width of the valence band increases with the increase of Au content.And the emission of nonbonding shifts toward lower binding energy and that of bonding O 2p orbitals shifts toward higher binding energy.The photoelectrocatalytic(PEC) oxidation of humic acid( HA) was investigated in terms of TOC.The PEC oxidation efficiency of Ti/Au-TiO2 mesh with optimal content of gold is higher than that of Ti/TiO2 mesh.It is suggested that the recombination of electrons and holes is hindered owing to gold deposition.The investigation shows that PEC oxidation is a convenient way to mineralize organic matter for water treatment.