视频分划技术在钢卷尺零位位置自动识别中的应用

根据目前工量具企业对钢卷尺半自动切零位机进行全自动化改造的需要,提出了改造过程中存在的一个关键问题:钢卷尺零位位置的自动识别,即钢卷尺零位位置与切带位置间相对位置关系的自动识别。然后进行了以视频分划十字线生成技术为基础的钢卷尺零位位置自动识别技术的研究和应用,并成功地解决了该问题。研究成果已应用于企业的生产实践中,效果良好。     

基于分布式图像处理技术钢卷尺检定系统的研制

介绍了基于图像处理技术的分布式钢卷尺检定系统的结构和软件设计,该系统基于数字图像处理技术,实现了钢卷尺整米刻线的同时检测,解决了目前钢卷尺检定中需人眼仔细瞄准与估读、手写记录数据、工作量较大等问题。     

一种新型钢卷尺零位标定方法（英文）

由于传统检定系统无法准确标定在零点位置具有可移动尺钩结构的部分钢卷尺的零位误差,提出了一种基于机器视觉的测量系统来完成钢卷尺零位误差的标定方法。结合钢卷尺钩量与顶量两种方式,设计了双基准面结构配合双基准线作为标准量,对比标准量与待测尺上尺头零位到500mm刻线之间示值距离的差值,实现了零位标定。线纹比对依托机器视觉实现,将图像处理过程结合双基准线计算了浮动像素当量值。实验结果表明,本方法的零位误差标定结果重复性可达0.006mm,满足国家标准钢卷尺检定规程要求。     

巧用测角目镜头

测角目镜由米字分划板和光学度盘组成,是工具显微镜的必备附件。分划板和度盘分别用于瞄准工件和测量角度。通常分划板刻线与被测件轮廓影象重合程度称为瞄准精度,瞄准精度直接影响测量的准确度。所以测角目镜刻线的科学使用很重要。     

基于视频分划技术的石墨轴承同轴度质量检验系统

阐述了基于视频图形分划生成技术的石墨轴承同轴度的检验原理，通过CCD摄取电能表石墨轴承的图象，给出了直接对石墨轴承的同轴度进行检验的装量和新方法，并提供了详细的视频分划生成硬件电路结构原理图，该电路可实现单片机对RAM写图形信号和在地址刷新电路的作用下把RAM中图形的数据并行输出，经过并串转换与CCD视频信号叠加送到显示器上显示，实现视频图形分划生成技术，并可以通过单片机软件编程实现检测功能。     

视觉瞄准激光干涉测量编码型水准尺

针对编码型水准尺分划误差的检测,提出了采用视觉瞄准与双频激光干涉测量相结合的方法。构建了编码型水准尺的精密检测系统并对瞄准测量方法进行了研究。当被测条码边缘出现在瞄准视场中,不必微调载尺工作台,即可实现图像和干涉仪测量数据快速采集,并由软件完成瞄准及测量。针对条码边缘图像的检测,首先采用最大方差法分割图像;然后提出图像边缘跟踪法,直接寻找检测边缘,从而避开去除噪声的困难;最后应用概率细分方法对条码边缘定位,提高测量分辨率。经实际测试,该检测系统视觉瞄准标准差为0.23μm,系统稳定性标准差小于0.5μm。该瞄准测量方法提高了测量效率,测量精度高于检测要求4倍,保证了编码型水准尺检测的可靠性。该检测系统已成功应用于编码型水准尺的分划误差检测。     

可调式双夹线米字线组合目镜

工具显微镜类仪器一般是通过中央显微镜瞄准工件影像进行测量的。中央显微镜的瞄准系统必须设置分划板,才能实现对被测工件的瞄准测量。常见的分划板有:米字线,十字线,双夹线或其它形式的分划板等等。日常的测试工作中,首先根据不同的测量项目选择合理的分划板,即更换相应的瞄准目镜头,然后再对被测工件影像进行瞄准测量。     

巧用测角目镜头

测角目镜由米字分划板和光学度盘组成，它是工具显微镜的必备附件。米字线分划板形状见图1，其刻线用途。1．十字虚刻线，为影像法测量的瞄准线。2．与十字虚刻线垂直线平行，距离分别为0．3和0．9mm对称分布的四条虚刻线，为轴切法测量的瞄准基线，用于瞄准测量刀上的0．3和0．9mm刻线。3．与垂直刻线成30°交角的两相交为60°的斜实刻线，为60°锥体轮廓的瞄准线。分划板和度盘可旋转360°，度盘上刻有360条线（刻度值为1°），在固定分划板上刻有60条等分刻度（刻度值为1’）。米字分划板和度盘分别用于瞄准工件和测量角度。通常分划板刻…     

车载观瞄设备零位检测装置结构设计

设计了一种能同时检测观瞄设备热像和可见光零位的装置。此零位检测装置主要由机械框架、白光广角平行光管、热像平行光管组成。它能够检测瞄准镜瞄准范围垂直向-5°~+45°区间的零位变化量以及校炮范围、稳定状态瞄准线的稳定范围、监炮误差和测角精度。此零位检测装置的研制使用使得观瞄设备零位及其各项性能指标的检测变得方便、精确。     

电视跟踪镜头液晶分划板设计

介绍了一种新型的分划板的设计方法,该分划板是以液晶板为核心的显示器.将这种分化板置于电视跟踪镜头的主光路中,用以显示瞄准光标,可取代电视跟踪镜头的辅助光路,使镜头的结构得到简化.文中对液晶分化板的构成作了系统的描述,分析了研制中的主要技术难点,提出了相应的解决办法.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.