基于任意时间RRT算法的三维自动布线技术

考虑约束的路径规划是线缆布局设计的重要方面,针对目前三维环境下的布线方法效率低以及对约束考虑不完善的问题,提出一种基于任意时间RRT算法的三维自动布线方法。该方法将任意时间算法与双树吸引快速扩展随机树(RRT)算法相结合,兼顾路径规划的长度约束及搜索效率,实现线缆初始路径的生成,提出了基于障碍物的磁吸算法(OBMA),将初始路径作"贴壁"细化处理完善线缆路径,最后建立了基于Cosserat弹性杆理论的线缆物理模型,计算获得线缆的精确空间姿态,从而完成布局设计。开发了原型系统,通过典型的布线场景对算法性能进行了测试,并利用某产品仪器板布线实例验证了线缆布局设计效果。     

多窄路口下改进的bi-RRT路径规划

多窄路口的复杂环境路径规划中,快速扩展随机树(rapidly exploring random Trees,RRT)存在重复搜索和难以通过等缺点。提出改进的双向快速随机扩展树(bi-directional RRT,bi-RRT)的路径规划算法,在多路口来设置人工虚拟目标点,首先根据其连通域采用Dijsktra算法求出一组最短路径的虚拟目标点,再根据虚拟目标点构建采样区域,结合小车的非完整积分约束、环境约束和上述构建的采样区域,利用bi-RRT搜索可行路径。该算法解决了机器人在狭窄路口重复搜索的问题并提高全局搜索效率。通过仿真实验验证该算法的高效性、实时性和正确性。     

基于改进RRT结合B样条的机械臂运动规划方法

为解决传统快速拓展随机树(RRT)算法的随机性强，导向性差，规划时间长及寻迹平滑度差等问题，提出一种基于目标偏置策略结合自适应可变步长的改进型RRT算法(PAVS-RRT)。首先，在传统RRT算法基础上设置一个目标偏置阈值，同时引入局部扩展机制避免因改变采样结构而造成的局部最优问题；其次，结合自适应步长策略优化其搜索时间；最后，采用三次B样条函数对所规划路径进行拟合优化。仿真实验中所提算法在保证机械臂成功避障且顺利抵达目标位置的同时，其各关节参数均波动较小且未发生突变，有效降低了机械臂在运动规划过程中的抖振情况。实验结果表明，所提算法较基本算法其平均路径搜索时间提高了73.49%,算法搜索效率及平滑性得到显著改善。     

代价函数引导的机械臂运动规划算法

本文提出一种基于连杆运动方程的人工势场,引导基于转换的快速随机扩展树(T-RRT)改进算法采样,在高维度空间搜索低成本路径的同时解决机械臂运动规划中T-RRT算法收敛速度慢的问题。简化机械臂模型以提高碰撞检测的效率,并与运动学分析结合调制连杆运动方程,从而确定各质点轨迹长度、叠加以建立机械臂人工势场,作为代价函数判断状态节点的成本,引导其不断向目标位置逼近,同时为了进一步提高算法的扩张速度,引入剪枝函数对细化节点进行限制。在不同的障碍地图中进行MATLAB仿真实验,该算法与RRT、T-RRT算法相比,路径长度最短、节点采样效率最高、节点平均采样时间最优,运行时间分别缩短了约3/4及2/3。所提算法在提高路径质量的同时有效提高搜索效率,能适应环境的变化。     

基于人工势场引导的改进RRT机器人路径规划算法

针对随机扩展树收敛速度慢、效率低的缺点,提出以人工势场引导节点向目标点逼近,并与改进的转换测试结合实现树扩展的自适应调控。采用人工势场算法建立采样节点的价值函数,使得随机扩展树不断向低代价空间扩展,当陷入局部极小值时,对RRT算法的采样策略进行调节、自适应地寻找逃离路径,使搜索过程快速跳出局部极小值。仿真实验表明,人工势场引导随机树渐进目标点,并与转换测试结合,提高了算法的搜索效率。     

基于改进快速搜索随机树算法的包裹分拣路径规划算法

针对现有快递包裹分拣系统存在的传输速度慢,准确率低等问题,提出一种改进的快速搜索随机树(RRT)算法.该算法以RRT算法为基础,首先建立了包裹环境模型,引入人工势场法引力分量使节点的扩展更具方向性.其次,对于节点进入障碍物区域需多次重新采样的问题,采用扇形区域法避障以提高算法生成质量,并在路径规划结束后采取二次优化,以...     

基于改进快速搜索随机树法的机械手路径优化

针对多关节机械手路径优化问题,提出一种改进快速搜索随机树(Rapidly-exploring randomtrees,RRT)优化算法.利用标准RRT算法规划初始可行路径,根据路径长度与路径安全性计算出该路径代价.在后期搜索树生长过程中,中间目标点并非随机采样,而是选择能使当前路径代价低于其之前路径代价的节点,同时对该节点进行距离检测,避免产生过于密集的节点集.为加快搜索树向未知区域的扩充速度,从最近节点向中间目标点扩充过程中,采用一种贪婪启发式扩充算法:节点以一定步长循环扩充,直至扩充到达目标节点或产生不连通节点.最后对6自由度检修机械手进行路径规划仿真试验,结果表明相对于标准RRT算法,规划路径的质量得到大幅提高.     

基于改进RRT算法的线缆自动布线技术

针对机电产品中线缆布局设计效率低、成本高的问题,提出一种基于障碍物与目标吸引的改进快速扩展随机树算法(Obs-GA RRT)的线缆自动布线方法。该方法以基本RRT算法为基础,提出标准扩展、基于障碍物碰撞面片法矢量方向扩展及基于历史与目标点吸引扩展相结合的扩展策略,并采用节点扩展概率准则及多步贪婪准则,自动求解出线缆的布局初始路径,并提出基于扩展碰撞信息的路径优化方法对求解得到的初始路径进行优化。设计并开发了三维线缆自动布线软件系统,进行了算例测试与实例应用,验证了算法的高效可行。     

基于改进RRT*FN算法的机械臂多场景运动规划

针对固定节点数的渐进最优快速扩展随机树(RRT*FN)算法精度低、对环境缺乏适应性等问题,提出了一种改进RRT*FN的机械臂运动规划算法。在迭代过程中,结合目标偏向随机采样和椭球子集采样的优势,构造新的启发式方法对采样区域进行约束,从而保证搜索路径更优。在扩展节点时,配置树中总节点数的预设值,并通过加权方法对树中叶子节点进行删减,避免了树规模的无限增长。在动态环境下,采用对节点剪枝与连接的启发式重规划方法,有效提高了对动态环境的适应能力。实验结果表明,该算法在规划过程中收敛速度更快,效率更高,具有较强的环境适应性。     

基于GB_RRT算法的机械臂路径规划

针对五自由度机械臂路径规划问题,提出一种基于快速扩展随机树(rapidly-exploring random tree,RRT)优化算法—GB_RRT算法。为弥补因基本RRT算法采样盲目性导致的效率低下的缺陷,GB_RRT算法采用高斯采样的方法进行启发式采样,同时结合贪婪扩展算法来提高随机树的局部扩展速度。为进一步缩短规划路径,该算法采用双向同时剪枝取最优的策略来删除不必要的采样节点。最后对机械臂进行了仿真实验和样机实验。实验结果表明,高斯采样法结合贪婪策略不仅降低了采样的盲目性,而且能够提高扩展树的扩展速度,更好地规避开障碍物;双向剪枝取最优的策略也在一定程度上缩短了规划路径的长度。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...