一种MCS51的可扩展应用系统实现

文中从MCS51应用系统设计“宁软勿硬”的基本原则出发,论述了软件译码、动态扫描显示的硬件实现以及键盘扫描方案,给出了程序设计流程与汇编实现;并以之为基础,实现了数字时钟的设计。文中所用实现的89c51应用系统,且具有较好的扩展性与移植性。     

基于嵌入式处理器和DSP的生物芯片扫描分析系统

以嵌入式处理器和嵌入式操作系统为核心的嵌入式系统已经得到了广泛的应用，但是它不能很好地进行实时的数据处理，而DSP处理器却很适合这样的实时处理。所以基于嵌入式处理器和DSP协同工作的系统设计成为了嵌入式系统的发展方向之一。文中提出并研究设计了一种生物芯片扫描分析仪。该系统以高性能嵌入式处理器和DSP处理器的协同工作为核心，并兼有自动数据分析算法，实现了无需手工干预的生物芯片扫描和分析的一体化，具有高可靠性、高实时性、小型化和低功耗的特点。文中详细论述了系统整体结构以及软硬件部分的实现。     

MCS-51单片机应用系统WDT的设计

本文基于确保单片机应用系统可靠运行的观点,在NCS-51系列单片机应用系统中,增设“看门狗”WDT功能,从而实现了故障的自动修复。文中详细地介绍了利用WDT修复故障的设计方法;阐述了设计WDT的思想方法和电路原理;简述了软件设计方案及程序框图。     

Bayer MMDI装置紧急停车系统的设计

介绍了HIMA H51q-HRS紧急停车系统的工作原理。针对H51q-HRS紧急停车系统在Bayer（上海）聚氨酯有限公司MMDI（苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯）装置中的应用，详细说明了H51q-HRS与DeltaV系统的通讯结构、配置、以及联锁系统操作界面设计。以PMA（丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯）蒸馏装置为例说明联锁逻辑具体实现过程，对H51q-HRS与DeltaV系统的联合设计过程有清晰的理解。     

基于单片机实验系统的程序设计

MCS-51系列单片机用于教学已经多年,与之相对应的实验系统很多,但实用而又经济的产品较少。为此,我们根据多年的教学经验,结合51系列单片机电路实际,设计了一种单片机实验系统。本文首先对该系统进行介绍,然后,通过秒表的程序设计,通过LED动态显示、键盘扫描和定时器中断等多种程序的综合应用、调试,具体说明该系统的使用,从而实现单片机实验教学与实用性的有机结合。目前,市面上应用的通用型、专用型单片机的品种数不胜数,但用于教学实验的只有Intel公司的MCS-51系列     

激光陀螺姿态测量系统便携监控终端设计

车载姿态测量系统是采用激光陀螺和倾角传感器为测量传感器的惯性测量单元，主要在野外动态条件下工作，设计一款便携监控终端十分必要。本文以P89LPC935单片机为控制器，以ZLG7290为键盘扫描与数码管驱动器，采用DS600温度传感器和其它信号调理电路实现监控信号的转换，完成了便携监控终端的设计，实现了对车载姿态测量系统的实时控制与状态监测。文中论述了便携监控终端的控制器、通信接口、显示与按键扫描驱动、监控信号的转换与调理在开发研制中的选型设计，以及开发此类产品的经验交流。     

Windows监控系统的串行通信部分设计

文中就一个典型的基于Windows的监控系统串行通信部分的设计实例，详细分析了系统中串行通信的实现，高精度定时器的实现以及软件的流程设计方面的问题与应用经验。     

医学影像仿真扫描工作站的设计与实现

文中简单介绍了基于计算机仿真技术的医学影像仿真扫描工作站系统的设计。该系统采用Visual C++进行界面设计以及核心算法编程的实现;通过C++语言来调用VTK ( Visualization ToolKit)的类库函数,用以实现医学图像的三维重建;使用Microsoft Access数据库管理与保存患者信息数据与图像数据。实现了一款无需医学影像设备的医学影像仿真扫描工作站软件系统,该系统模拟仿真真实扫描工作站的工作流程以及系统功能。     

Langmuir探针扫描电源的设计

Langmuir探针诊断技术是一项被广泛应用的等离子体参数测试技术。文中介绍了一种使用软件控制的扫描电源的设计，详细阐述了系统硬件和软件的设计，它可以实现对等离子体特性参数快速简便的测量。     

基于组件技术的再就业信息平台研究与实现

研究再就业管理工作的信息化具有重要的现实意义。文章基于JSP设计实现了一个再就业信息共享平台。系统采用三层Web应用体系结构的设计方法，借助JavaBean组件技术、JDBC接口技术来实现。文中介绍了系统的设计与实现过程，重点分析了系统权限、数据库连接池及连接Bean等几个关键问题的实现。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).