基于云制造的起重机设计制造平台研究

通过对起重机制造业现状的分析,将云制造引入起重机行业,提出了起重机云制造模式,研究了基于云制造的起重机设计制造平台的模式构架、设计制造流程及特点、作用。通过一个假设案例,详细描述了在云制造这种新模式下起重机设计制造的运作流程。基于云制造的起重机设计制造新模式对于加快起重机行业资源整合,提高设计制造资源利用率,降低制造成本,推进起重机中小企业的发展具有重要意义。     

快速原型制造技术在工业产品造型设计及制造中的应用

介绍了快速原型制造技术的原理、工艺、优点等,并对比分析了传统的工业产品造型设计及制造方法,通过对比分析说明利用此项技术进行工业产品造型设计及制造能大幅度提高设计及制造水平、缩短设计制造周期、降低设计制造成本,具有广泛的应用前景。     

一种支持机械产品设计的制造知识组织与供给系统

产品设计阶段考虑产品的可制造性需要大量制造知识的支持,针对目前设计人员依靠对人的咨询获取制造知识的难度增加,开展了支持设计的制造知识系统的研究.分析了机械产品设计各阶段对制造知识的需求,建立了支持设计决策的制造知识组织与供给模型,并分析了获取制造知识的主要途径.设计并实现了支持设计的制造知识原型系统,并开展了初步应用分析.研究将对减少设计人员对制造人员和领域专家经验的依赖,缩短查找制造知识时间,提高设计效率提供有效支持.     

机电产品的绿色设计与制造及其发展趋势

绿色设计与绿色制造是一种全新的设计与制造理念,它们是人类社会可持续发展在现代制造业中的体现。从分析实施机电产品绿色设计与绿色制造的意义出发,论述了绿色设计、绿色制造以及绿色机电产品的定义,给出了机电产品绿色设计与绿色制造的实质和内容,并提出了绿色设计的体系结构和机电产品的绿色设计原则,指出了机电产品绿色设计与制造是机电产品机械制造业的发展趋势。从机电产品绿色设计与制造的全球化、社会化、集成化、并行化、智能化、产业化等方面论述了机电产品绿色设计与制造的发展趋势。     

基于云制造的起重机协同设计与制造模式

综合分析网络化制造、制造网格、制造服务平台与云制造的特点,云制造具备三种传统制造模式所缺少的优势。本文将云制造模式引入工程机械中的起重机行业,借鉴基于云计算的服务系统三层结构构建了基于云制造的起重机协同设计与制造模式,并详尽地阐述了该模式中各层的组成与作用。分析了起重机从设计到制造的整个流程,最后分析了基于云制造的起重机协同设计与制造模式的案例。云制造的引入,将大大提高起重机设计与制造的效率。     

绿色设计和绿色制造是机械行业的发展趋势

绿色设计是一种全新的设计理念,是设计方法和设计工具的有效集成.绿色制造是人类社会可持续发展战略在现代制造业中的体现.绿色设计和绿色制造的研究和实施需要理论体系的支持.在分析绿色设计和绿色制造产生背景的基础上,给出了绿色设计和绿色制造的概念;提出了绿色设计的体系结构及实施策略提出了绿色制造的体系结构及绿色制造的资源主线论.指出绿色设计和绿色制造是机械制造行业的发展趋势.     

制造系统现代设计方法

制造系统的有效设计方法是确保设计的制造系统合理、高效运转的关键。长期以来制造系统的设计一直停留在个人经验基础之上,具有一定的主观性。文中将制造系统的设计划分为相互联系的三个阶段,首先综合应用模糊层次分析法和灰色关联度分析法,解决制造系统设计过程中设备的选择问题。再通过启发式算法来求解设备布局。最后通过建立仿真模型,对设计的制造系统进行仿真,评估制造系统,以便对设计的制造系统进行改进。     

面向增材制造产品的全生命周期绿色设计平台研究

围绕增材制造产品全生命周期,以其绿色设计为主线,开展面向增材制造产品的绿色设计相关技术研究,构建绿色设计信息数据库、设计框架以及设计资源共建共享平台.形成增材制造产品绿色设计与制造一体化工艺技术创新,推进高性能、轻量化复合绿色材料的应用.通过制定增材制造绿色设计标准,对增材制造产品生命周期优化设计作出评估分析,打造更具数字化绿色设计平台.     

基于模型、数据、知识的设计与制造协同框架

针对工业产品在研发制造过程中对于过程协同、数据协同、知识协同的设计与制造协同需求,构建了基于模型、数据、知识的设计与制造协同框架,给出设计与制造协同应用的顶层设计新思路。梳理了设计与制造协同过程中的模型、数据及知识资源,明确设计与制造协同的资源基础;搭建了基于系统互联平台、大数据云平台、知识协同平台、协同服务平台的网络化协同支撑平台的架构,构成企业的设计与制造协同网;设计了基于设计与制造全生命周期的协同协议,并构建了模型、数据、知识协同集成模型,给出基于模型、数据、知识的设计与制造协同应用;在某汽车变速器企业进行了应用验证,取得了良好成效,证明了框架的可行性。     

白车身拼焊夹具MCP设计方法

车身开发主要分为设计和制造两大阶段。模夹具设计制造是车身制造的关键技术。在车身的设计过程中综合考虑车身制造过程中的各种工艺因素,同步考虑模夹具的制造可行性,     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.     

Mass spectrometry analysis of the influenza virus

The role of mass spectrometry to probe characteristics of the influenza virus, and vaccine and antiviral drugs that target the virus, are reviewed. Genetic and proteomic approaches have been applied which incorporate high resolution mass spectrometry and mass mapping to genotype the virus and establish its evolution in terms of the primary structure of the surface protein antigens. A mass spectrometric immunoassay has been developed and applied to assess the structure and antigenicity of the virus in terms of the hemagglutinin antigen. The quantitation of the hemagglutinin antigen in vaccine preparations has also been conducted that is of importance to their efficacy. Finally, the characterization and quantitation of antiviral drugs against the virus, and their metabolites, have been monitored in blood, serum, and urine. The combined approaches demonstrate the strengths of modern mass spectrometric methods for the characterization of this killer virus. [This article was published online 10 September 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected 7 November 2008.]     

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PRESSURE AND VACUUM CONTINUOUS CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON HYBRID PUMP

A novel pressure and vacuum continuous control system, which adopts a hybrid pump as pressure and vacuum source, is presented. The mathematical model of the system is developed. The theoretical simulation and analysis on the system are implemented in order to study the relationships among the characteristics, parameters and working points of the system. The experimental investigations on the system characteristics are presented with the adoption of a fuzzy-PID controller. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the pressure and vacuum continuous control system based on hybrid pump has good dynamic and static performance, strong robustness and satisfactory adaptability to various system parameters. According to the results, system can successfully gain high accuracy and fast response signal. Also, the mathematical model of system is also testified by the experimental results.     

Structural organization of the cytoskeleton in SV40 human corneal epithelial cells cultured on nano- and microscale grooves

The basement membrane of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) has a three-dimensional nanoscale architecture, which includes pores, bumps and fibers that may influence cell-substrate adhesion and spreading in the overlying cells. We previously demonstrated that nano- and microscale groove and ridge patterns influence the morphological response and the adhesive response of HCECs to a nominal wall shear stress. Cell-substrate adhesion is mediated by adhesion receptors that bind to extracellular matrix components and anchor the cytoskeleton (CSK) of cells to extracellular elements. Here we investigate the CSK organization in SV40-transformed HCECs grown on nano- and microscale groove and ridge patterns. X-ray lithography was used to fabricate uniform groove and ridge patterns with features ranging in size from 200 nm to 2 microm grooves. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate CSK structure and the distribution of -beta1 integrin adhesion receptors. CSK elements aligned with the patterns; however, the spatial organization of these elements was influenced by feature size. Larger CSK bundles lay on top of the ridges and ran parallel to the patterns, whereas smaller CSK bundles, whose width was proportional to the groove size, spanned the grooves. -Beta1 integrins co-localized with the CSK and had a higher density at the poles of aligned spindle-shaped cells. Differences in organization seen on the different topographical feature sizes may be indicative of differences in extracellular matrix organization. This may explain, in part, previous observations regarding the dependence of cell adhesive responses on the size of topographic features in the substrate.     

大惯性柔性负载电液牵引系统联合仿真研究

在钢坯修磨机中,需要用液压马达驱动卷筒,用钢丝绳牵引台车及大质量钢坯在水平导轨上进行往返运动.这种牵引装置是集液压、机械和控制计算机的综合系统,系统中含有柔性的钢丝绳环节,使系统的设计非常复杂和困难.为了获得优化的系统方案和运行特性,提出采用多学科的设计分析软件进行建模,利用接口程序进行联合仿真,完成设计工作的技术路线,这种研究方法能够实时获得负载惯性、钢丝绳柔性和负载力的大小,在仿真计算中可以实时考虑这些参数对控制特性的影响.介绍了运用AMESim和ADAMS软件对系统进行建模和联合仿真的全过程,对比分析了结构参数的影响,给出研究结果.     

基于刚柔耦合的高方平筛动力学建模与振动模态分析

针对高方平筛和其上固结的柔性吊杆组成的动力学系统,进行了刚柔耦合的动力学建模和振动模态分析。将筛体—偏重块系统和吊杆分别作为刚体和弹性的可变形体,建立了筛体稳态圆振动方程和吊杆悬臂梁力学模型,总结出系统固有频率的计算方法。在此基础上,采用有限元方法对系统进行了模态计算和动力学响应分析。结果表明,理论模型能够很好地反映筛体与吊杆之间的动力学耦合关系;以理论分析为基础的载荷和边界条件的设置,使有限元仿真结果较准确地模拟了系统实际的振动特性。     

不同因素对汽车传动离合器接合过程影响分析

离合器是汽车传动系统的重要组成部分,其接合过程直接影响到车辆起步性能和动力传递,并影响系统各单元的使用寿命。针对离合器接合过程的特点,对滑摩状态和接合状态进行动力学分析,建立系统的动力学模型;从滑摩功和冲击度两个方面对离合器接合过程进行评价,获取影响换挡品质的评价指标因素;根据动力模型和数学模型,基于Simulink建立离合器接合过程的分析模型;研究不同坡度及载重等因素对离合器接合过程中摩擦片的角速度、滑摩功及冲击度的影响,获取各因素的影响规律。结果可知:随着油门开度和油门变化率的逐渐增大,离合器接合角速度和接合时间都有所增大,接合过程产生的滑摩功也不断增多;随着起步坡度、载重的增大,离合器接合角速度逐渐减小,接合时间逐渐增大,接合过程产生的滑摩功也不断增多;分析过程和结果为此类设计提供参考。     

纵向脉冲作用下压电层合杆的动力分析

利用波动理论对自由端受瞬时纵向冲击力作用下的压电层合杆进行了动力分析,在截面平面假设下,建立了力电耦合下层合杆的波动方程;用Laplace变换方法对波动方程式进行求解,求得了位移和电势的解析表达式;给出了杆内不同时间段的位移场和电势场的传播规律以及它们之间的关系,讨论了弹性模量以及弹性层和压电层厚度比对波场传播速度、位移及电势的影响.计算结果表明:杆中电势沿高度方向为线性分布,纵向脉冲传播的速度随弹性模量的增大而增加,但随压电层的厚度增加而减小.     

计入柱塞套弹性变形的柱塞副摩擦与密封特性分析

综合考虑径向柱塞泵柱塞副粗糙表面接触和弹性变形,建立混合润滑状态下柱塞副弹流润滑理论分析模型,并结合有限差分法与有限单元法,基于MATLAB和ANSYS开展联合仿真,分析不同入口压力及凸轮转速下柱塞副弹性变形及表面形貌对摩擦与密封特性的影响。结果表明：柱塞套弹性变形对柱塞副微凸体接触影响显著,且影响程度与入口压力及凸轮转速有直接关系;弹性变形及表面形貌均在一定程度上影响摩擦功耗及泄漏量且弹性变形的影响更大;柱塞副摩擦与密封特性对工作条件较为敏感,随着入口压力或凸轮转速的增大,摩擦功耗、压差流量与剪切流量均有不同程度的增加。     

OPTIMIZING DESIGN OF MECHANICAL SELF-CENTERING DEVICE FOR SUSPENSION HEIGHT

Firstly, in view of the respective defects of existing self-centering devices for vehicle suspension height, the design scheme of the proposed mechanical self-centering device for suspension height is described. Taking the rear suspension of a certain light bus as a research example, the structures and parameters of the novel device are designed and ascertained. Then, the road excitation models, the performance evaluation indexes and the half-vehicle model are built, the simulation outputs of time and frequency domain are obtained with the road excitations of random and pulse by using MATLAB/Simulink software. So the main characteristics of the self-centering suspension are presented preliminarily. Finally, a multi-objective parameter design optimization model for the self-centering device is built by weighted sum approach, and optimal solution is obtained by adopting complex approach. The relevant choosing-type parameters for self-centering device components are deduced by using discrete variable optimal method, and the optimal results are verified and analyzed. So the performance potentials of the self-centering device are exerted fully in condition of ensuring overall suspension performances.