DSP指令集仿真器的设计与实现

指令集仿真器是进行芯片设计评估,系统软件设计开发以及计算机软硬件协同设计的不可或缺的工具.在DSP的硬件设计和后期算法开发中,指令集仿真器也同样是起着至关重要的作用.该文参考当前在指令集仿真领域比较先进的JIT-CCS和IS-CS仿真技术,吸取了各自的一些优点,提出了仿真策略,设计并实现了基于DSP3000的指令集仿真器HJS.为了兼顾仿真速度与精度的要求,HJS实现了指令精度和时钟周期精度两种级别的仿真.同时,在指令Cache和流水线的仿真上都做到了既尽可能与实际硬件相符,同时也兼顾执行效率.为评估DSP硬件设计、DSP算法的实现提供了很好的软件模拟平台.     

一种基于虚指令集技术构建快速的可重用的指令集仿真器的方法

指令集仿真器是进行系统体系结构设计与评估、系统软件设计与开发以及进行软、硬件协同开发的有利工具。然而指令集仿真器对目标体系结构具有极大的依赖性,无法跨越多个目标平台工作,这就成了制约它发展的一个重要因素。文章根据DSP处理器的特点,参考传统仿真策略,提出了一种改进后的仿真技术,可以极大地提高仿真器运行效率。在此基础上,又结合虚指令集技术,构建VIS仿真器,改变了传统仿真器只能用于单一处理器的局面,使之能够适用于多款处理器结构。这为指令集仿真器的广泛使用提供了有力的保证。     

可重定向的周期精确模拟器生成环境研究

针对嵌入式系统设计对模拟器生成环境可重定向性的要求,以及当今大多数生成环境多为功能级,而不支持周期级模拟的现状,本文提出了一个可重定向的周期精确模拟器的自动生成环境.通过体系结构描述语言xpADL对目标体系结构的组成和周期级行为进行描述,利用生成器和构件库完成了模拟器的生成.其中,xpADL的描述构架、生成器的分析机制和构件库中控制模拟框架的应用,使得与现有的生成环境相比,此环境在指令的周期级行为、流水线组织和流水化部件的模拟能力等方面均具有优势.实验部分完成了PISA和StrongARM两种体系结构的周期级模拟,并进行了针对加解密应用的流水线结构设计空间搜索的研究,证明了该环境的可重定向性和有效性.     

虚拟指令集的构建及翻译技术研究

利用虚拟指令作为中间语言来构建可重用指令集模拟器是解决模拟器可重用性的重要技术.介绍了可重用指令集模拟器的工作原理,提出了虚拟指令的构建原则和方法,描述了对汇编指令的语义规则,最后举例说明如何从汇编指令的语义描述规则出发,生成与目标指令语义等价的虚拟指令.     

嵌入式系统软硬件协同验证中软件验证方法

随着集成电路及计算机技术的发展,嵌入式系统设计变得越来越复杂．复杂的嵌入式系统设计,通常采用验证的手段检验系统设计的正确性,硬件验证通常是在硬件设计描述的基础上建立用于模拟硬件功能的硬件模拟器;软件验证常用的方法是建立处理器功能模型(指令集模拟器ISS),逐条解释嵌入式软件在目标机器上的执行过程,产生模拟输出,驱动外围电路(即硬件设计)．指令集模拟器从底层时序关系模拟嵌入式软件在目标CPU上运行过程．对于复杂嵌入式系统设计,ISS模拟速度通常成为协同模拟瓶颈．基于RTOS的嵌入式软件快速验证方法可以有效地提高软件模拟速度,扩展RTOS功能,适应协同模拟需要,建立硬件模拟驱动,实现软件和硬件模拟器通信连接和协同模拟同步控制．基于RTOS的嵌入式软件验证方法以编译代码模型为基础,从系统行为级验证嵌入式软件功能,验证速度快．在实际应用中,该方法和ISS验证相结合,能够实现更有效、更快速的嵌入式系统协同验证．最后以几个典型硬件设计为基础,编写相应的控制软件,进行软硬件协同验证实验,实验结果数据说明该验证方法实用、有效、快速．     

FlexWare: a retargetable, embedded-software development environment

Effective embedded software development tools are essential to better exploit the inherent capabilities of these processors. We developed the FlexWare embedded software development environment in response to this need, focusing essentially on the performance and retargetability of our tools. Our benchmarks demonstrate that, despite the wide range of processors we cover, we have achieved state-of-the-art embedded software-tool performance and functionality. Moreover, we demonstrate their wide range of retargetability, ranging from simple microcontrollers to complex multimedia DSPs and network processors     

GL Studio在飞行模拟器虚拟仪表仿真中的应用

飞行模拟器开发中涉及仪表数量多且参数交联复杂,需要采用合理的通信架构和相对高效的仪表仿真软件来完成开发任务。针对飞行模拟器的多仪表仿真需求,引入了一种通用仪表仿真框架,并使用GL Studio软件开发了案例,描述了该框架在飞行模拟器仪表开发中的应用。     

VMW: a visualization-based microarchitecture workbench

Superscalar processor design requires increasingly sophisticated software tools. The visualization-based microarchitecture workbench described in the paper addresses weaknesses common to most performance simulators: the lack of retargetability, visualization support, and interactive control. VMW provides a multifunction workbench for aiding designers of modern superscalar processors. It facilitates rigorous machine specification by providing specification templates at both the architecture and microarchitecture levels     

可重定向编译器中的体系结构描述与代码调度

采用了XML这种表达能力强，语法无二义的语占对体系结构进行描述，重点分析了编译器在代码调度阶段实现可重定向性的手段，以及体系结构描述如何高效地支持代码调度。     

A general simulator for reaction-based biogeochemical processes

As more complex biogeochemical situations are being investigated (e.g., evolving reactivity, passivation of reactive surfaces, dissolution of sorbates), there is a growing need for biogeochemical simulators to flexibly and facilely address new reaction forms and rate laws. This paper presents an approach that accommodates this need to efficiently simulate general biogeochemical processes, while insulating the user from additional code development.The approach allows for the automatic extraction of fundamental reaction stoichiometry and thermodynamics from a standard chemistry database, and the symbolic entry of arbitrarily complex user-specified reaction forms, rate laws, and equilibria. The user-specified equilibria and kinetic rates (i.e., they are not defined in the format of the standardized database) are interpreted by the Maple V (Waterloo Maple) symbolic mathematical software package. FORTRAN 90 code is then generated by Maple for (1) the analytical Jacobian matrix (if preferred over the numerical Jacobian matrix) used in the Newton–Raphson solution procedure, and (2) the residual functions for governing equations, user-specified equilibrium expressions and rate laws. Matrix diagonalization eliminates the need to conceptualize the system of reactions as a tableau, which comprises a list of components, species, the stoichiometric matrix, and the formation equilibrium constant vector that forms the species from components (Morel and Hering, 1993), while identifying a minimum rank set of basis species with enhanced numerical convergence properties. The newly generated code, which is designed to operate in the BIOGEOCHEM biogeochemical simulator, is then compiled and linked into the BIOGEOCHEM executable. With these features, users can avoid recoding the simulator to accept new equilibrium expressions or kinetic rate laws, while still taking full advantage of the stoichiometry and thermodynamics provided by an existing chemical database. Thus, the approach introduces efficiencies in the specification of biogeochemical reaction networks and eliminates opportunities for mistakes in preparing input files and coding errors. Test problems are used to demonstrate the features of the procedure.     

Simlog: A prolog-based simulator for industrial logic control systems

To an increasing extent, industrial engineers are being called upon to design automated systems for control of manufacturing processes. An alternate approach to hardware display panels for program experimentation is to use a software simulator. This paper discusses the development of such a simulation model in the powerful language PROLOG, which is ideal for artificial intelligence applications.     

A case study in embedded-system design: The VuMan 2 wearablecomputer

The development of an embedded-computer system with a visual interface is described. The authors detail the use of a target system simulator and a prototype printed circuit board (PCB), which facilitated a concurrent approach to the design of the hardware, software, and housing. They outline this codesign process and illustrate its effects with comparative data from the earlier VuMan 1 project     

The compiled logic simulator

A two-value, zero-delay simulator that computes signatures and analyzes fault coverage for circuits with built-in self-test (BIST) is described. The simulator, called the compiled logic simulator (CLS), is used with a monitor that simulates BIST control logic at a high level. The simulator's compiled code is well suited to the IBM 3090 pipeline and fault simulation using flat random patterns. The linear-feedback-shift-register simulation monitor is discussed. Performance results are presented. Fault simulation with one million random patterns on a 40000-gate circuit was done in 16 CPU minutes     

E-KEY电子密钥系统仿真器的设计与实现

介绍一种电子密钥系统仿真器的设计。它实现了目标系统中的CPU模块仿真存储器仿真、以及系统外部设备的仿真。针对该仿真器设计中难点,依据其仿真目标,提出了有效的解决方案。仿真测试实例证明该仿真器的工作正确性。实践证明,作为目标系统软件同步开发工具,该仿真器大大地加快了工程开发的进度。     

Development of an Intelligent Wheelchair Using Computer Graphics Animation and Simulation

A new robot simulator JC-1 is used as a control software development tool in a project in progress where an intelligent wheelchair for a blind user is being developed. The intelligent wheelchair is planned to be able to fulfill simple symbolic commands like "follow wall" or "follow object" and using the JC-1 simulator an evaluation team which includes e.g. the user, a rehabilitation engineer and a software engineer, can check control algorithms and user interface routines before constructing a real wheelchair prototype. The JC-1 simulator models the environment using simplified boundary- representation where objects, robot sensors and actuators are presented as symbolic objects in the graphics data-base of the simulator. In the JC-1 simulator a robot controller under development controls the motion of the graphical model of the robot while simulator commands or other robot controllers can be used to control the movement of disturbing obstacles. Computer graphics animation and simulation help to find fundamental design errors at an early design stage and as this paper suggests, enable the user of the final product to take part in to the designing process of the robot controller. Benefits and difficulties of using computer graphics simulation in the wheelchair development process are discussed.     

利用工控软件开发DCS仿真系统的新思路

提出了利用工控软件开发DCS仿真系统的新思路,并介绍了该思路的具体实现方法。仿真界面可以用工控软件组态实现。对DCS调节面板、趋势等画面可以通过定制ActiveX控件来完成。仿真操作界面和模型软件之间数据通讯通过DDE、OPC技术实现。新的DCS仿真系统开发方法充分利用了工控软件的强大功能和DCOM、OPC、DDE、ActiveX先进技术,使得利用一种通用平台可以开发不同的DCS仿真系统,其体系结构具有良好的通用性。这极大加快了DCS仿真系统的开发速度。     

基于单PC机的光电瞄具模拟训练系统设计与实现

光电瞄具是配备于某武器系统上的一种简易火控系统。光电瞄具模拟训练器是为解决光电瞄具的使用操作而设计的。文中首先介绍了光电瞄具的工作原理，然后给出了一种针对光电瞄具系统的光电瞄具模拟训练器的设计原理。具体的介绍了模拟训练器的硬件组成，给出了主机系统软件的设计流程，最后分析了影响系统性能的因素。该系统的设计方案对于开发类似仿真系统具有一定的参考价值。