基于SVM算法和纹理特征提取的遥感图像分类

遥感图像分类是遥感图像处理领域中的一个重要的研究方向,传统的遥感图像分类方法根据像素值进行分类,忽视了遥感影像中丰富的纹理特征信息.小波分析通过引入宽度可变的窗口,可以同时对信号的局部信息进行频率域和时间域的变换.小波分析算法可以有效地提取出图像中的纹理特征信息.支持向量机算法是20世纪90年代提出的一种新的机器学习算法,通常被用来进行模式识别和分类.结合小波纹理提取算法,利用支持向量机进行遥感图像分类.研究结果表明,结合纹理特征的支持向量机分类的效果优于直接对灰度图像进行分类.     

基于角度径向变换的旋转不变纹理分类

纹理分类广泛的应用于医学图像分析等领域,纹理图像的采集因拍摄角度的变化产生一定的旋转,本文提出一种基于角度径向变换的旋转不变纹理分类方法。首先采用角度径向变换方法对图像进行特征提取,分别得到图像的角向特征向量和径向特征向量;然后将提取出的2组特征向量结合起来作为图像的整体特征向量,利用K近邻特征空间距离的分类方法进行纹理分类。选取Brodatz纹理库中的图像进行纹理分类测试,实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的旋转不变纹理分类效果。     

基于小波包变换和蚁群算法的纹理分类

提出了一种小波包变换和蚁群算法相结合的纹理分类新方法。首先采用小波包变换提取纹理图像的纹理特征向量,然后用蚁群算法进行训练和分类。实验表明小波包变换和蚁群算法应用到纹理分类领域,是一次有效的尝试。     

图像纹理特征分析及提取方法

将计算机机器视觉、图像处理及图像分析技术紧密结合起来并用于图像纹理特征的分析,通过总结已有的研究成果,研究分析图像在区域化、边缘化、数学变换化等不同算法思想下提取的纹理特征,并总结提出了一种计算成本趋向实时处理的图像纹理特征处理方案。该方案研究了更为精细的纹理分类、纹理分割、纹理拼接和纹理配准等算法,并可实现图像纹理特征提取的准确性和良好的扩展性,实现后续分类、分割、拼接和配准等基本应用的及时性、准确性和高效性。     

V-系统与Radon变换相结合的纹理分类算法

为了对尺度和旋转变换下的纹理图像进行正确的分类,将Radon变换和V-系统相结合,提出一种纹理分类的算法.首先利用Radon变换将图像的旋转化为平移,再对Radon变换后的图像进行V-变换;利用V-系统的多小波特性,经过一系列的降采样分解过程得到图像在V-系统下的各层次能量表达,并将这些能量作为纹理图像的特征描述.由于V-系统的多小波特性以及Radon变换对旋转的消除,使得文中的特征描述在图像的放缩和旋转变换下有较强的鲁棒性.在通用纹理数据库中的纹理分类实验结果表明了该算法的优越性能.     

基于Log-Polar和DT-CWT的旋转不变纹理分类算法

提出了一种基于对数-极坐标变换和双树复数小波变换的旋转不变纹理分类算法。该方法首先对纹理图像进行对数-极坐标变换将旋转转化为平移,再用具有平移不变性的双树复数小波对变换后的图像滤波并计算各子带的能量值组成旋转不变特征向量,最后利用支持向量机算法实现纹理图像的分类。将本方法与其它旋转不变纹理分类算法进行比较,实验结果表明,提出的算法能有效地提高正确分类率。     

基于Contourlet变换和仿生模式识别的纹理图像识别方法

纹理图像的分类是目前一个非常活跃的研究课题。针对现有纹理图像分类算法的局限性,本文提出了一种基于Contourlet变换和仿生模式识别方法的纹理图像识别算法。首先应用Contourlet变换获得能量特征的方法提取能量特征,进而利用仿生模式识别算法实现对纹理图像的识别。采用Vistex纹理库数据进行仿真实验,结果表明:与传统的分类方法相比,利用Contourlet变换和仿生模式识别结合进行纹理图像的识别能获得更高的正确率和速度,最佳正确率可达100%。     

基于Radon变换和SWT的旋转不变纹理分类

提出了一种应用Radon变换和离散平稳小波变换(SWT)的旋转不变纹理分类算法。该方法首先对纹理图像进行Radon变换将旋转转化为平移,再用具有平移不变性的离散平稳小波对变换后的图像滤波并计算各子带的能量值组成旋转不变特征向量,最后利用支持向量机实现纹理图像的分类。将本方法与其它旋转不变纹理分类法进行比较,实验结果表明,提出的方法能有效地提高正确分类率。     

多特征融合的场景图像分类算法

提出了一种Gabor-LBP频域纹理特征与词包模型语义特征相结合的场景图像分类算法.利用Gabor变换得到的频域信息,及对应的LBP特征,与视觉词包模型（BOW）提取的语义特征自适应相融合,实现分类.为了验证本文算法,利用两个标准图像测试库进行比较测试,实验结果表明,本文算法在改善图像纹理表达上具有明显优势,特别是对于图像的光照、旋转、尺度都具有很好的鲁棒性.     

基于支持向量机的纹理图像分类算法

研究纹理图像的分类问题,纹理特征提取和分类器设计是决定分类正确率高低的关键。由于库存图像较多,且质量受到噪声影响,使图像特征提取比较困难。针对传统特征提取和分类算法分类正确率不高的难题,提出一种基于支持向量机的纹理图像分类算法。首先采用Gabor滤波器对纹理特征进行提取,采用主成分分析对提取后的特征进行选择,最后采用支持向量机进行纹理图像的分类。采用Brodatz纹理库进行测试实验,实验结果表明,支持向量机分类算法提高了纹理图像的分类正确率,降低了误分率和拒分率,且分类速度加快,适用于更为复杂的纹理分类,为图像提取提供了参考。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.