物联网中移动节点抗克隆攻击的UC安全认证协议

物联网中的感知网一般由计算、通信和存储能力极差的感知节点通过移动节点和静态节点相结合的方式构成,以采集信息;而传输网通常利用现有互联网的基础设施,提供强大的计算、通信和存储服务。为了满足物联网中移动节点漫游时实施接入认证的访问控制要求,同时兼顾实际应用中可行性与移动节点轻量级、抗物理克隆攻击等的安全性需求,基于物理不可克隆函数(Physical Unclonable Function,PUF),提出了移动节点抗克隆攻击的UC(Universally Composable)安全认证协议,其可实现移动节点漫游到其他区域时与接入基站之间的双向认证与密钥交换过程。分析表明,所提出的协议在UC安全模型下是可证明安全的。     

可信云存储环境下支持访问控制的密钥管理

可信云存储采用本地数据加解密来保证用户外包数据在网络传输和云端存储的安全性.该环境下数据拥有者通过对数据密钥的安全共享和管理来实现对不同用户的选择性数据访问授权控制.针对多数据拥有者可信云存储环境,以最小化用户的密钥安全传输/存储等密钥管理代价及其安全风险为目标,提出了一种新的基于全局逻辑层次图(global logical hierarchical graph,GLHG)的密钥推导机制的密钥管理方法.该方法通过GLHG密钥推导图来安全、等价地实施全局用户的数据访问授权策略,同时利用云服务提供商(半可信第三方)来执行GLHG密钥推导图结构的管理并引入代理重加密技术,从而进一步提高密钥管理执行效率.阐述了基于GLHG密钥推导图更新的动态访问控制支持策略,并对该方法进行安全性分析和实验对比分析.     

支持策略隐藏的加密云存储访问控制机制

使用密码技术对云存储数据实施机密性保护和访问控制,是当前云计算安全研究的重要内容.选择加密(Selective Encryption)技术根据访问控制策略产生密钥推导图来分发密钥,在保证云存储数据机密性和细粒度访问控制的前提下,具有简化文件存储加密、系统密钥量少的优势.然而,已有选择加密方案需要完全或部分地公开访问控制策略,以用于密钥推导;该信息反映了用户/文件之间的授权访问关系,泄露用户隐私.基于现有的研究工作,本文提出了一个新的访问控制策略隐藏机制,在支持加密云存储数据的细粒度访问控制和高效密钥分发的前提下,能更好地隐藏访问控制策略信息;而且在密钥获取计算速度上有明显优势.     

物联网本体存储数据可撤销加密仿真研究

针对物联网密钥不可随机拆分与撤销,本体存储数据容易遭到外界入侵,导致用户隐私信息泄露,提出物联网本体存储数据可撤销加密方法。根据数据可撤销加密的理论确定双线性映射函数,通过加密撤销的困难假设构建了物联网本体存储数据可撤销模型。对存储数据进行可撤销运算,采用了周期更新思想,将用户密钥属性、用户身份以及时间进行划分,并根据访问树的节点数据对用户存储数据进行加密计算。通过主要密钥随机拆分撤销运算,根据结果对存储数据可撤销加密进行安全认证。仿真结果表明,采用可撤销加密方法能够实现物联网密钥的随机拆分,缩短用户密钥更新周期,数据安全性更高。     

面向物联网的基于智能合约的认证和授权方案

由于存在单点失效、规模受限等问题,传统中心化的解决方案很难满足物联网的安全需求。针对这种情况,提出一个面向IoT的基于智能合约的访问控制方案。通过引用IoT智能网关作为IoT设备的中心管理节点和公有区块链的全能节点,采用中心化与去中心化相结合、私有区块链和公有区块相结合、本地局部存储和外部公共存储相结合的方法加以实现。该方案实现IoT设备和IoT智能网关的相互认证,并实现用户对IoT设备中资源及存储在数据库中的数据的授权访问,具有去中心化、分布式优点,满足了规模性和安全性要求。     

车联网大数据的安全访问控制模型设计

本文设计了车联网大数据安全访问控制模型.通过数据感知层采集车联网数据,并利用数据加密标准算法实施加密处理.将加密后的数据通过网络通信层传输到安全访问控制中心,再通过安全认证模块赋予或限制用户访问权限.在异常数据监测模块中,应用孤立森林算法检测拥有访问权限的用户,并识别数据异常状况,将识别到的异常数据存储到异常监测存储数...     

外包数据库的安全访问控制机制

通过对外包数据库双层加密方案的分析,指出存在授权用户可以将资源访问授权给其他非授权用户的安全缺陷,为此,提出一个改进的安全外包数据访问控制方案。该方案利用二元一次函数诱导产生加密密钥。为适应访问控制策略动态变化,防止非授权用户访问资源,通过双重加密实现授权访问动态变化。分析结果表明,改进方案能够克服外包数据库双层加密方案的安全缺陷,可实现策略动态更新,是一个安全高效的访问控制方案。     

多域环境下具有动态适应性的多级安全模型

针对BLP模型在实施灵活性方面的不足以及不能满足多域分层系统访问控制需求的实际,提出了BLP的扩展模型——DMDBLP模型。模型中引入了域概念,将访问控制区分为域内和域间两种情况,适应了多域环境的需求。同时,在模型中增加了敏感标记的动态调整机制,提高了访问控制的灵活性。对模型的分析表明,模型的访问控制不仅是灵活的,也是安全的。     

基于物联网的云数据存储访问和隐私保护机制研究

针对物联网环境下云数据的可信存储、用户隐私信息的可靠保护和访问控制的有效性等问题,提出基于物联网的云数据存储访问与隐私保护机制。在该机制中,首先对云数据库中的数据信息进行基于关系模式的最小属性分解,针对单独属性或属性子集对象进行动态交换加密,生成满足隐私约束规则的最小粒度的密钥,然后针对用户隐私信息从预处理和在线查询两个方面进行保护,当用户进行数据信息访问时,依据授权进行密钥获取,并依据解密算法进行明文解析,当用户授权被撤销时,依据数据库代理服务器更新算法进行信息更新。实验证明,该机制具有良好的执行效率,当资源规模较大时,该访问机制更具有优势。     

高效可撤销的雾协同云访问控制方案

密文策略属性加密技术在实现基于云存储的物联网系统中数据细粒度访问控制的同时,也带来了用户与属性的撤销问题。然而,在现有的访问控制方案中,基于时间的方案往往撤销并不即时,基于第三方的方案通常需要大量重加密密文,效率较低且开销较大。为此,基于RSA密钥管理机制提出了一种高效的支持用户与属性即时撤销的访问控制方案,固定了密钥与密文的长度,借助雾节点实现了用户撤销,同时将部分加解密工作从用户端卸载到临近的雾节点,降低了用户端的计算负担。基于aMSE-DDH假设的安全性分析结果表明,方案能够抵抗选择密文攻击。通过理论分析和实验仿真表明,所提方案能够为用户属性变更频繁且资源有限的应用场景提供高效的访问控制。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.