Coal mixtures for coke production: Patent errors revisited

A recent patent regarding the preparation and composition of coal batch is analyzed.     

Continuous coke production

A critical review reveals extensive experimental data on the continuous production of nonmetallurgical coke. In view of the large reserves of poorly clinkering coal in Ukraine and the need to produce sufficient coke for consumers outside of the metallurgical industry, the expansion of such research seems expedient.     

The permeability of ternary coke mixtures

Experimental measurements are reported of permeabilities of beds of ternary mixtures of 27.6, 17.4 and 5.1 mm coke particles under turbulent gas flow regime. The results obtained are presented in the form of ternary diagrams of isopermeabilities from which the standard permeability of any mixture in the ternary system used can be read off directly. As no ternary permeability data exist in the literature, no comparison with other work could be made. It is however, concluded that the standard permeability of any ternary and higher order mixtures of any particulate solids may be obtained from eqn. (3) by inserting appropriate values of the mean particle size and bed porosity.     

Coal carbonization and coke anisotropy: some comments

Previously published work is presented in modified form to emphasise that, except under special circumstances, spherical mesophase units have not been observed during coal carbonization and that the viscosity of the fluid phase, considered so important during pitch carbonization, has no strong bearing on the size of anisotropic units found in metallurgical coke.     

Coal rank and coke reactivity

For a series of cokes prepared under identical carbonizing conditions it was shown that rates of reaction with carbon dioxide/nitrogen mixtures at about 1000°C were generally higher for the cokes prepared from coals of above 30% volatile matter. The reaction rates of cokes prepared from certain Durham coals were generally higher than anticipated. Gasification of cokes prepared from certain Durham coals were generally higher than anticipated. Gasification of the cokes resulted in loss of strength, decrease in apparent density, enlargement of pores and reduction of pore-wall thickness. It appeared that burn-off was primarily associated mineral constituents of the coke ash upon gasification rates was detected. A tentative relation was derived between gasification rates and the ratio of pore-wall thickness to pore diameter of the cokes. In turn, this latter ratio appeared to bear some relation to the oxygen content of the coal. The majority of the parameters studied were measured by established techniques. Porosity was determined by mercury pressure porosimetry and the Quantimet 720 automatic image analysis microscope was employed for structural studies. The accuracy of the measurement of pore and pore-wall dimensions was approximately ± 2%.     

New and revised standards for coke production

The need for new and revised standards for coke production in Ukraine and Russia is outlined. Such standards should address improvements in plant operation, working conditions, environmental protection, energy conservation, fire and explosion safety, and economic indices.     

Converting coal slurry to concentrate for coke production

After technical analysis, coal slurry is enriched by oil agglomeration. The suitability of the resulting concentrate for use in coke production is analyzed.     

Toxic hazards of coke production

The toxic hazards of coke-plant products are considered. A method is proposed for determining the exposure time to hazardous chemicals corresponding to the mean lethal dose and threshold toxic dose for the human organism.     

煤系针状焦生产用延迟焦化加热炉清焦技术的研究

针对延迟焦化生产中延迟焦化加热炉炉管结焦的现象,研究了现有清焦工艺,提出对于煤系针状焦延迟焦化加热炉采用传统的蒸汽-空气清焦工艺技术是可行的,并给出了具体实施方案与操作要点。     

煤系针状焦生产用延迟焦化加热炉清焦技术的研究

针对延迟焦化生产中延迟焦化加热炉炉管结焦的现象,研究了现有清焦工艺,提出对于煤系针状焦延迟焦化加热炉采用传统的蒸汽-空气清焦工艺技术是可行的,并给出了具体实施方案与操作要点。     

电炉制磷对焦炭质量要求

介绍了焦炭理化特性，分析了焦炭各组分对电炉法生产黄磷的影响，部结了黄磷生产经验，指出了炉料中焦炭粒度大小变化对电炉制磷生产的影响十分敏感。提出了加强科学管理，严把焦炭质量关，逐步完善焦炭加工工艺和设备，建议推广使用料斗式电子称配料计量设备，使炉料称量准确和混合均匀，使电炉生产正常。     

Determining the value of coals used for coke production

A method has been developed for determining the technological value of coal in coking, on the basis of the predicted coke strength and coke yield from batch that includes such coal. The prediction of coke strength rests on the chemical and petrographic characteristics of the coal. The value of the coal in batches may be calculated in terms of the product of the coke strength and yield and the coke characteristics for standard batch.     

Using polymer waste in coke production

The utilization of solid domestic waste—plastic, rubber, leather, textiles, wood, and paper—in coking batch after mixing with residues from coal-tar stores at coke plants is investigated. All the solid domestic waste considered—especially plastic waste—increase the yield of coke in the >80 and >60 mm class and the yield of tar and benzene. The introduction of plastics and a mixture of solid domestic waste with up to 1% of tar-storage residues does not impair the quality of the coke produced.     

Industrial production of coke briquets for cupola smelting of iron

The benefits of coke-briquet production are outlined. The characteristics of the briquets are noted. The results of their use as fuel in cupola smelting of iron are considered.