大型湖库富营养化蓝藻水华防控技术发展述评

针对大型湖库的特点,系统分析了国内外在蓝藻水华预警、控制和应急清除等方面的各种技术发展现状、具有的优势和存在的不足,提出了各相关技术未来发展的主要方向。认为针对富营养化水体的特征,应因地制宜,将多种技术优化集成,充分发挥应急技术和长效技术、工程技术和生态技术、预警技术和管理技术各自的优势,弥补各自的不足,实施"适地适策"的"一湖一策"战略,将是我国未来大型湖库蓝藻控制和富营养化治理的主要发展方向。     

Tetrachloro-9H-Carbazole,a Previously Unrecognized Contaminant in Sediments of the Buffalo River

Three sediment samples taken from the Buffalo River, New York, have been analyzed for polychlorinated planar molecules similar in structure to the highly toxic 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Although no TCDD was found, residues of chlorinated dibenzofuran, fluorene, biphenylene, phenanthrene (anthracene), naphthalene, and 9H-carbazole were identified. l,3,6,8-tetrachloro-9H-carbazole was identified as the major chemical of this type in the sediments, and quantified at levels as high as 25 ng/g at one site.     

江苏省某市典型饮用水水源中抗生素质量浓度特征

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法,分析江苏省某市3个典型地表饮用水水源中5类(14种)抗生素质量浓度特征。结果表明,14种目标抗生素的质量浓度在ND~52.7 ng/L,检出率在0~78%。检出频率较高的为磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲噁唑、金霉素和氧氟沙星,质量浓度相对较高的为磺胺类,但总体上,地表水饮用水水源中抗生素的质量浓度水平低于国内外其他地表水中相应污染物的质量浓度水平;抗生素质量浓度受季节和水源类型影响,平水期(188.3 ng/L)枯水期(57.2ng/L)丰水期(8.9 ng/L),太湖水源地略高于长江水源地。