融合圆对称轮廓波统计特征和LBP的纹理图像检索

圆对称轮廓波变换(CSCT)克服了轮廓波变换存在的频谱混淆现象,它比轮廓波变换的方向选择性更强.但由于CSCT中的方向滤波器组(DFB)有下抽样操作,CSCT不具有纹理分析所需要的平移不变性.文中用非抽样方向滤波器组(UDFB)代替CSCT中的DFB,构造了一种具有平移不变性的圆对称轮廓波变换(TICSCT).利用广义高斯分布描述TICSCT系数的边缘分布,图像之间的相似度用Kullback-Leibler距离(KLD)来度量.由于视觉感受明显不同的纹理图像可能具有相同的子带统计特性,边缘分布的KLD不是完备的纹理图像描述子.将KLD与其具有一定互补性的局部二值模式(LBP)相融合进行纹理图像检索,实验表明该算法比KLD,LBP和Gabor-Weighted-Euclid算法的平均检索率分别提高2.21%,4.02%和0.89%.     

基于贝叶斯估计的改进Contourlet变换的SAR图像滤波

针对小波变换和轮廓波变换在合成孔径雷达(Synthetic aperture radar, SAR)图像中去噪应用的不足,结合小波变换和轮廓波变换的优点,将小波变换与轮廓波变换相结合,提出一种改进轮廓波变换方法。首先将待处理图像进行小波变换,然后对低频子带图像进行重建,得到一个细节子带图像,然后使用方向滤波器组对其进行多方向划分。再采用贝叶斯最大后验概率估计对划分后的方向子带信号进行估计。实验结果表明此方法在抑制图像斑点噪声的同时,很好的保持了均匀区域的辐射特性,保持了图像中的边缘以及细小纹理,且没有人为畸变。此外算法的高频子带图像含有更为丰富的纹理,对于边缘特征的提取非常有益。     

基于平移不变性类Contourlet变换的图像去噪

具有各向异性和多方向性的轮廓波变换是小波变换的扩展, 由于轮廓波变换本身的滤波器组结构使得它不具备平移不变性. 本文提出了一种具有平移不变性的类轮廓波变换(TICLT), 其冗余度比非抽样轮廓波变换(NSCT)和平移不变轮廓波变换(TICT)更低. TICLT由平移不变拉普拉斯塔式分解和非抽样方向滤波器组两部分构成. 本文以一维分数阶正交样条滤波器组为原型, 应用映射法设计满足完全重构条件的非抽样方向滤波器组. 与目前已有的去噪方法比较, 基于TICLT的图像去噪算法有明显优势.     

改进的轮廓波图像匹配算法

与小波变换相比,轮廓波变换中LP滤波器的显著缺点是存在过采样和非正交特性。提出一种改进轮廓波变换方法,首先对待处理图像实施小波变换,然后对低频子带图像进行重建,可得到一个高频子带图像,使用滤波器组进行多方向划分。该方法既保持了临界采样又利于后面使用方向滤波器组来对高频部分进行方向划分。实验证明该方法的匹配效果优于小波变换及轮廓波变换。     

非负矩阵分解和新轮廓波变换的图像融合

为提高融合图像保留源图像的信息量和边缘特征,提出了非负矩阵分解和新轮廓波变换的图像融合算法。以具有尖锐频率局部化特征的新轮廓波对循环平移后的源图像进行分解;运用非负矩阵分解实现低通子带融合,采用能量方差测度函数和匹配度函数实现带通子带融合;对各子带信号重构并逆循环平移,得到融合图像。实验结果分析表明,该方法保留了更多的信息量和边缘细节特征,应用效果较好。     

基于改进的NSCT红外可见光图像融合算法

针对在红外可见光图像融合过程中目标细节信息容易丢失的问题,提出一种使用非下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)和主成分分析法(PCA)相结合的图像融合算法.首先应用NSCT将源图像分解分别得到低频和高频的子带图像.在低频子带系数中,由于PCA能够突出图像的主要信息,所以选用主成分分析法融合规则.高频子带中,相对来说较高层次系数表...     

基于改进轮廓波变换的SAR图像增强

针对轮廓波变换（contourlet transform）中进行拉普拉斯金字塔分解时,所得的带通图像在奇异性点附近产生振荡,影响图像去噪的效果,提出一种改进的轮廓波变换。通过改进拉普拉斯金字塔分解,可消除轮廓波变换带通图像边缘附近的震荡。提出了基于改进轮廓波变换的SAR图像增强算法。实验结果表明,该算法在有效抑制SAR图像噪声的同时,较好地保持了图像边缘细节。     

基于DFT的信号子带分解与准确重构新方法

根据正交分解原理和离散傅里叶变换的物理意义,提出了一种分析滤波器组具有理想特性的信号分解与重构新方法(Discrete Fourier transform subband decomposition,DFTSD).对于给定序列,通过离散傅里叶变换,将其变换到频域,通过谱线分组,在频域实现信号的分解,经反变换得到时域子带信号.频谱上无交叠的子带信号,从根本上解决了抽取过程所带来的带内混叠问题.综合滤波器组的设计仅需考虑内插后引入的镜像频率分量的滤除.实验结果表明,在无子带抽取和存在子带抽取情况下,重构信号与原信号的平均绝对误差在10~(-16)量级.     

抗混叠轮廓波HMT模型的医学图像融合

为了更好地对医学图像进行融合,提出了一种利用抗混叠轮廓波HMT模型的图像融合新算法。该算法首先对原始轮廓波变换的频谱混叠问题展开研究,明确LP分解中的两个低通滤波器不满足Nyquist抽样定律是造成混叠的主要原因。接着,在对低通滤波器考虑带限约束条件下,设计了一种能抑制混叠的利用双通道滤波器组结构的多尺度分解方案,用于代替原始轮廓波变换的LP分解,结合方向滤波器组,实现了一种抗混叠的轮廓波变换。在此基础上,提出一种采用隐马尔可夫树（HMT）来刻划变换系数尺度间相关性的医学图像成像模型,并以期望最大化算法估计模型参数,得到融合图像。CT与MR图像以及MR-T1与MR-T2图像的融合实验表明,该算法的融合结果无论在视觉质量及定量指标上都明显优于基于小波变换和原始轮廓波变换的方法。     

小波-轮廓波纹理图像检索系统

针对轮廓波检索系统检索率较低、检索速度较慢等问题,提出一种小波-轮廓波纹理图像检索系统。该系统在最细节尺度子空间采用轮廓波变换,而在其他子空间采用小波变换,以变换域子带系数的能量和标准偏差序列作为特征向量,Canberra距离为相似度标准。采用Brodatz纹理数据库中的109幅640×640的纹理图像为实验对象,比较了基于同样架构的轮廓波变换和小波-轮廓波纹理检索系统的性能。实验结果表明：后者具有较高的检索率、较快的检索速度和较少的特征向量数据库存储空间。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。