响应面法优化芽孢杆菌CJPE209产角蛋白酶发酵培养基的研究

采用响应面法对芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp.）CJPE209产角蛋白酶的发酵培养基组分进行优化。在前期单因素优化的基础上利用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选出影响产酶的2个显著性因素：羽毛粉、蔗糖。在此基础上,采用最陡爬坡试验确定中心复合试验的中心点,然后对其他不显著因素进行最低添加量试验以降低生产成本和简化培养基组分。利用中心复合试验,得到预测最佳培养基组成为羽毛粉5.6 g/L、蔗糖13.6 g/L、尿素5.0 g/L、KH2PO4 0.4 g/L、MgSO4 1.44 g/L、CaCl2 1.1 g/L、NaCl 5.0 g/L,预测角蛋白酶酶活为501.9 U/mL。用预测最佳培养基来进行发酵验证试验,结果实际角蛋白酶酶活为503.5 U/mL,表明模型能较好的预测发酵后酶活。     

响应面法优化重组大肠杆菌产ADI酶发酵培养基

在单因素优化的基础上,采用响应面分析方法对重组大肠杆菌生产精氨酸脱亚胺酶(ADI)的发酵培养基进行了优化。借助于SAS软件,结合Plackett-Burman和Box-Behnken实验设计对5种培养基组分进行优化。结果表明,最佳培养基组分为胰蛋白胨11.16 g/L,酵母提取物20 g/L,甘油6.3 g/L,磷酸氢二钾16.38 g/L,磷酸二氢钾2.31 g/L。采用优化后的培养基进行摇瓶发酵,ADI酶活达到5.7 U/m L发酵液,比初始培养基(3.72 U/m L发酵液)提高了1.53倍,比LB培养基(2.83 U/m L发酵液)提高了2.01倍。采用优化后的培养基在3 L发酵罐中进行发酵,ADI酶活达到15.17 U/m L发酵液,较LB培养基(4.32 U/m L发酵液)提高了3.51倍。     

木聚糖酶产生菌Gh-5培养基配方及发酵条件的优化

研究培养基组分与发酵工艺条件对试验菌株Gh-5产木聚糖酶的发酵影响,并对木聚糖酶的酶学性质进行初步研究。结果表明,该菌最适发酵产酶培养基组分为甘露糖15 g/L,氯化铵10 g/L,ZnSO4 0.3 g/L,KH2PO4 0.5 g/L;最适发酵条件为温度37 ℃;pH值为8.0;接种量14 %;发酵培养生长周期36 h。木聚糖酶产生菌株Gh-5发酵优化后的酶活力为114.64 U/mL,较优化前38.02 U/mL提高了201.53%。木聚糖酶酶学性质研究结果表明,木聚糖酶酶活最适pH值为8.0;最适温度为65 ℃;Zn2+对木聚糖酶酶活有较好促进作用。     

特基拉芽孢杆菌来源β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶重组菌发酵培养基的优化

为了提高重组大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli BL21DE3)(pET-28a(+)-bgl)发酵产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶的能力,研究了发酵培养基中各类碳源及氮源的影响,并通过响应面分析法优化培养基各组分的含量。结果表明,甘油为最适碳源,酵母粉及胰蛋白胨为氮源。优化的培养基组成是:yeast extract终浓度为20 g/L,胰蛋白胨12.5 g/L,甘油14.1 mL/L,KH2PO42.17 g/L,K2HPO42.74 g/L。三角瓶发酵产β-葡聚糖酶酶活(2 978.2 U/mL),与初始培养基(1 671.9 U/mL)相比,提高了1.78倍。研究结果表明,发酵培养基的优化对重组大肠杆菌发酵生产工业酶具有重要作用。     

单宁酶产生菌的发酵培养基优化

用响应面试验对一株单宁酶产生菌黑曲霉的固体发酵培养基进行优化,优化后的最佳发酵培养基组成为:在250mL三角瓶中装入5g麸皮和5mL由(蔗糖12g/L,KNO325b/L、玉米浆22.4g/L、五倍子65.1g/L、MgSO4 13.6g/L,CoCl2 0.2g/L、柠檬酸钠3g/L、NaCl2.5g/L)组成的盐溶液,在此条件下,发酵单宁酶酶活为13.54U/g,比优化前提高了1.82倍.     

冰川细菌Serratia sp.A_(29)-2发酵产低温蛋白酶条件的优化

为提高新疆冰川细菌Serratia sp.A29-2的低温蛋白酶产酶活性,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验和响应面试验,对其发酵培养基和发酵条件进行了优化。研究表明:其最佳培养基组成为蛋白胨15.0 g/L、酵母粉5.0 g/L、麦芽糖10.0 g/L、CaCl20.5 g/L。最优发酵条件是:温度22℃,pH值7.0,时间60 h,NaCl质量分数1.0%。以优化培养基为基础,在最适发酵条件下,菌株Serratia sp.A29-2产低温蛋白酶酶活可达54.25 U/mL,是初始酶活的1.93倍。     

响应面法优化Enterobacter sp.SYA2乳糖酶发酵工艺

采用单因素实验对Enterobacter sp.SYA2产乳糖酶条件进行优化,优化后的发酵条件为:培养温度37℃、装液量50mL/250mL、摇床转速175 r/min、接种量5％(V/V)、种龄8h,此条件下酶活为9.02 U/mL;通过Plackett-Burman设计和Box-Behnken设计对菌株发酵培养基进行了优化,得到的最佳发酵培养基配方为:乳糖31.1g/L、蛋白胨26.0g/L、酵母膏5.0g/L、K2HPO4 3.0g/L、NaCl 6.0g/L、MnCl2 0.5g/L、pH6.5,优化后的酶活为15.95U/mL.     

响应面法优化灰绿青霉Penicillium glaucum NS16产酶条件

采用响应面法对灰绿青霉Penicillium glaucum NS16生产纤维素酶的发酵条件进行了优化,通过Plackett-Burman实验方法研究有关碳源、氮源、无机盐、发酵时间、摇床转速等18个发酵因子对菌株发酵产纤维素酶活力的影响.结果显示,影响产酶的显著因子是麸皮、CMC的含量和发酵时间.根据实验结果和经验方法对显著影响因子的取值范围进行预估,并采用Box-Behnken设计实验进行优化,然后应用响应面模拟预测和摇瓶发酵实验验证,结果表明,优化发酵条件为培养基中麸皮6.0 g/L,CMC 7.0 g/L,发酵时间96 h,摇瓶发酵液中CMC酶活均接近309 IU/mL,优化预测值和实验验证值拟合度达到99%,比初始培养基和发酵条件下菌株产CMC酶活94.51 IU/mL提高了227%.     

枯草芽孢杆菌产中性蛋白酶发酵条件优化

对1株枯草芽孢杆菌产中性蛋白酶发酵培养基以及发酵条件进行了优化,最终确定了摇瓶最佳发酵培养基为:甘油40 g/L、豆粕粉30 g/L、麸皮10 g/L、Na2HPO44 g/L、K2HPO40.3 g/L。摇床最佳发酵条件为:温度30℃、转速250 r/min、接种量体积分数6%,在此发酵条件下,酶活达到6 082.7 U/m L,发酵强度为56 U/(m L·h)。在15 L发酵罐进行了初步验证,通过流加甘油分批发酵,在第25h酶活达到最大值,为11 871 U/m L。     

蜡样芽孢杆菌产磷脂酶D发酵条件优化

通过单因素和正交试验,对蜡样芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）产磷脂酶D发酵条件进行了优化。结果表明,培养基最佳组成为卵黄10 g/L、蛋白胨15 g/L、牛肉粉2 g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 1 g/L、氯化钠3 g/L;最佳发酵条件为：培养基初始pH8.0,接种量1.0%,于36 ℃,200 r/min培养8 h。在最适发酵条件下磷脂酶D酶活达4.21 U/mL。     

生淀粉糖化酶产生菌Rhizopus OR-1UVN培养基优化的研究

通过对菌株RhizopusOR 1UVN培养基优化 ,确定最佳发酵培养基是 :50g玉米粉 ,30g豆粕粉 ,4gNaNO3,1 0g麸皮 ,0 .5gMgSO4 ·7H2 O ,0 .5gZnSO4 ,1gK2 HPO4 ,1L水 ,从该菌株发酵过程曲线 ,发现大量产酶期在 40～ 48h ,生淀粉糖化酶量与熟淀粉糖化酶量的比率(RDA)为 0 75左右     

马铃薯淀粉水解条件优化及油脂酵母培养研究

以马铃薯淀粉为底物,葡萄糖含量为评价指标,通过响应面法优化淀粉酶解工艺,将水解液用于发酵生产微生物油脂。最佳酶解条件为马铃薯淀粉质量浓度20 mg/mL,加酶量为干淀粉质量3.2%,α-淀粉酶、葡萄糖淀粉酶的质量比2.2∶1,pH 4.1,酶解时间4.1 h,得到最高葡萄糖含量为15.06 mg/mL。向此水解液中添加一定氮源和无机盐用于油脂酵母菌株Y004-2培养,在250 mL三角瓶中其生物量为14.43 g/L,油脂产量5.16 g/L,在5.0 L发酵罐中生物量为14.27 g/L,油脂产量5.10 g/L,其生物量和油脂产量均略高于以葡萄糖为碳源;且菌株Y004-2在以马铃薯淀粉水解液为碳源的培养基中所得油脂的组成与以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基中所得油脂的脂肪酸组成相同。     

产中性植酸酶菌株的筛选及产酶条件的优化

对菌BA8的产酶条件进行了单因素和正交试验,探讨了碳源、氮源、磷源等培养基成分和温度、接种量、装液量等培养条件对产酶的影响.结果表明,每1000mL液体培养基最佳组成为可溶性淀粉40g、胰蛋白胨10g、亚硝酸钠8.6g、硝酸铵5.0g、磷酸氢二钾0.10g、氯化钾0.10g、氯化镁0.10g、氯化锰0.09g.摇瓶培养的最佳条件为初始pH值6.0,发酵温度30℃,装液量100mL,接种量7%.优化后酶活可达到241.1U/mL,比未优化前提高了2.21倍.     

融合子F3产衣康酸的培养基组成及摇瓶发酵条件的优化

对直接利用生淀粉发酵产衣康酸的融合子F3的发酵条件进行了研究。得到较佳培养基组成及发酵条件为:玉米淀粉110g/L,NH_4NO_3 3.0g/L,玉米浆2.5mL/L,MgSO_4·7H_2O1.5g/L,CuSO_4·5H_2O2.0 mg/L,初始pH3.0～3.5,摇瓶装液量80mL/500 mL三角瓶,接种量10%(种龄44h),34℃振荡(220r/min)培养140h。在此条件下,F3衣康酸产率达到45.3g/L,比优化前提高了4.4g/L;对供给淀粉的转化率达41.2%。     

Enhanced production of α‐amylase from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii in solid state fermentation by response surface methodology and its evaluation in the hydrolysis of raw potato starch

This is an attempt to lower the cost of starch hydrolysis by the discovery of new generation α‐amylase. A natural isolate of Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii was capable of producing appreciable amounts of raw potato starch digesting α‐amylase in solid state fermentation of wheat bran. The enzyme productivity has been substantially enhanced by supplementing various nutrients and statistically studying their interactions by response surface methodology. A central composite design for amylase production system elucidated a wheat bran‐based medium supplemented with soybean meal, threonine, and B‐complex vitamins predicting a yield of 521 391 U/g dry solids. The enzyme preparation could effectively digest 5–15% suspension of insoluble potato starch in 6 h revealing the dextrose equivalent of 32–44. The supplementation of a glucoamylase preparation, thereafter, brought about complete saccharification. The yield achieved in the statistically optimized amylase system may be one of the best to date and its capability in directly liquefying raw potato starch granules makes this study novel.     

Semi-continuous Hydrolysis of Sweet Potato Raw Starch by Chalara paradoxa Glucoamylase

Effect of preservatives was investigated on semi-continuous digestion of sweet potato raw starch by Chalara paradoxa glucoamylase which digests both raw and gelatinized starch. Potassium metabisulfite strongly inhibited raw starch digesting activity (RDA) although gelatinized starch digesting activity was only slightly inhibited. Potassium sorbate, among the preservatives examined, showed the weakest inhibition (below 10%) on RDA. In the presence of potassium sorbate, semi-continuous digestion of sweet potato raw starch in a 20L scale hollow fiber UF membrane pilot reactor proceeded efficiently at 30% (w/v) initial concentration of raw starch at pH 5.0 and 40°C. Glucose production was 5.7 to 6.0 g/hr/L.     

海洋源纤溶酶高产菌株的诱变育种及液体培养基优化

为获得纤溶酶高产菌株及其最优发酵条件,以海洋环境来源的枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）H-A-03为出发菌株,经过60Co辐射诱变获得了一株遗传稳定性好的纤溶酶高产菌株F8-C,其酶活力较出发菌株提高28.78%。采用统计学优化方法获得了组分更简单、用量更少、更利于菌株产酶的培养基：可溶性淀粉41.6 g/L、黄豆粕粉26.2 g/L、CaCl2 1.0 g/L,KH2PO4 2.0 g/L。在此基础上,3 L摇瓶放大试验结果显示,菌株F8-C的产酶量达到（3 231±21） U/mL,较出发菌株H-A-3提高44.8%。结果表明利用60Co辐射诱变育种,并采用统计学方法优化培养基,对于提高枯草芽孢杆菌纤溶酶的产酶量是一种有效策略。该研究结果也将为下一步发酵罐扩大试验奠定基础。     

酯化红曲霉菌液态培养条件研究

以红曲霉为原始菌株,经分离筛选获得1株产酯能力较高的红曲霉菌,并对其培养基配方和培养条件进行了研究。试验结果表明,液态发酵培养红曲霉的最佳培养基组成为可溶性淀粉70g/L,黄豆饼粉10g/L,酵母浸膏10g/L,MgSO41g/L,NaNO32 g/L,NaH2PO4 1 g/L;最佳发酵条件为培养基初始pH值为4.5,接种量16%,装液量100mL/300mL,发酵时间为6d,红曲霉的酯化力达0.4678g/100mL。     

枯草芽孢杆菌产中性蛋白酶的特性及补料研究

采用分离纯化的枯草芽孢杆菌进行产中性蛋白酶的研究,结果表明:适宜的碳源和氮源分别为玉米粉和豆粕粉;磷酸盐能提高酶产量;未添加Na2HPO4和KH2PO4的情况下,Ca2+和Mg2+对产酶都有抑制作用;Na2HPO4和KH2PO4存在时,1 mmol/L的Ca2+和Mg2+能使酶产量分别提高12%和8%,随着离子浓度的增加,产酶受到抑制;采用在11 h、18 h和24 h分别补加10 g/L玉米粉和7.5 g/L豆粕粉的补加策略,产量提高了96%,生产强度提高了112%。     

Glucose Production from Treated Sago Starch Granules by Raw Starch Digesting Amylase from Penicillium brunneum

Several microorganisms have been found to produce raw starch digesting amylase. We have isolated Penicillium brunneum from sago palm tree at a sago processing site, which was used as a source of starch digesting amylase. All the raw starch digesting enzymes were effective for cereal starches, but root starches and sago starch were resistant to the enzyme reaction. Treatment of sago starch by heating to temperature below gelatinization temperature at lower pHs resulted in an increase in the ability of enzyme to digest sago starch granules. Heating to 60°C at pH 2.0 resulted in a conversion rate of sago starch granules to glucose near to the conversion rate of raw corn starch to glucose. At higher concentration, the degree of hydrolysis of treated sago starch granules was about 275% as compared to that of untreated sago starch granules. Addition of the enzyme in large amount or small portion at various time intervals was found effective in the hydrolysis of treated sago starch granules.