添加剂对感应熔铝炉干法打结料使用性能的影响

感应炉由于具有使用灵活 ,电磁搅拌力可调整 ,调节熔液成分及控制熔液温度方便 ,炉衬耐火材料更换便利等优点 ,正日益得到广泛应用。感应炉作为铝和铝合金的主要熔炼设备 ,越来越受到人们的重视。感应熔铝炉要求所用耐火材料具有化学稳定性好 ,抗冲刷性强 ,不易产生炉瘤 ,不易被金属液润湿和渗透 ,热震稳定性好等特点。为此 ,开发了一种新型干法打结料 ,炉衬打结完成后可快速烘烤。通过探讨加入不同种类、不同数量的烧结剂 ,且利用炉衬厚度方向上存在的温度梯度 ,使烧结剂在加热时产生作用 ,使得工作层有一烧结层 ,具有极高的强度 ,而非工作…     

红硅石对化铜感应炉炉衬性能的影响研究

采用特级矾土熟料、一级矾土熟料、活性α-Al2O3粉及红硅石粉为原料,硼酐为结合剂,研究分别加入10%、15%、20%、25%和30%红硅石粉对化铜感应炉炉衬耐火材料性能的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)检测了加入红硅石前后的物相组成变化,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察和分析了试样烧成后的晶体的形貌.结果表明:红硅石的加入能显著提高炉衬材料内莫来石的生成量,从而提高材料的抗侵蚀性能及其它性能,适宜作化铜感应炉原料,但其加入量有上限,最佳加入量为20%.     

以结晶硅石为原料的长寿命硅质干式振动料的研制与应用

我国铸造行业中,无芯感应炉用于铸铁,少数厂家也用于铸钢,而这些无芯感应炉通常采用硅质干式振动料作炉衬.硅质干式振动料通常采用大晶粒结晶硅石作主要原料,但是这种干式振动料炉衬的使用寿命通常较短,只有100多炉.用微晶硅石为主要原料,并加入氧化铜作为矿化剂制成的干式振动料,使用寿命虽然比以大晶粒结晶硅石为主要原料制成的硅质干式振动料提高1～1.5倍[1],但目前我国微晶硅石矿山稀少,这一成果难于推广.     

感应炉用耐火材料

论述了感应炉用耐火材料的工作条件和使用要求,并按结构划分分别论述了无芯感应炉和有芯感应炉的结构特点及所使用的耐火材料。     

铝镁捣打料在熔镍中频感应炉上的应用

熔镍中频感应炉是生产水淬镍的关键设备。感应炉由耐火材料打结的坩埚和围绕在外面的感应线圈构成。当线圈通以交流电时 ,就会在装于坩埚内的金属炉料中产生交变磁场 ,炉料中的交变磁场产生感应电势 ,产生强大电流使金属炉料被加热和熔化。使用中耐火材料炉衬受到金属液产生的电磁搅拌作用的机械冲刷 ,还要反复受到急冷急热的激烈热循环作用 ,另外金属镍液还有极强的穿透力。所以 ,自投产以来 ,由于耐火材料及施工等原因 ,经常会出现炉底烧穿和炉壁线圈打火现象 ,使用寿命大多在十几炉左右 ,直接影响生产的正常运行 ,也加大了工人的劳动强度…     

熔渣气化炉用耐火材料的开发和使用现状

本文系统论述了熔渣气化炉的操作环境,炉衬热面耐火材料的发展现状和影响其寿命的因素,以及气化炉衬里存在的问题。在工业气化炉上取得使用经验的耐火材料中 Cr_2O_3含量均达60％～80％,它们分别为镁铬尖晶石质、铬铝锆质和铬铝质耐火材料。进一步提高气化炉衬使用寿命需要尽可能降低气化炉操作温度,稳定操作条件和不同部位进行综合砌衬。     

熔渣煤气化炉炉衬的设计问题

在熔渣煤气化炉炉衬系统的设计和使用过程中,一般要考虑两个主要的破坏因素:(1)由浸蚀作用而产生的质量损失;(2)在高温环境里,材料的强度降低和损坏(包括胶结损毁)。因而,正确的设计应包括材料选择、炉衬结构的确定和冷却系统的采用。本文旨在用已有的设计和研究经验,分析影响炉衬使用寿命的主要因素,以改善新型熔渣煤气化炉炉衬的使用性能。     

制磷电炉炉衬的腐蚀环境分析

制磷电炉是黄磷生产的关键设备,炉衬的腐蚀程度关系到电炉的检修周期,受到广泛的关注。介绍了炉衬的结构特点和主要材料技术要求,分析了炉衬的腐蚀环境,指出了关键技术问题与措施,注意安全生产,延长炉衬使用寿命,使电炉长时间、稳定、安全运行。     

高炉炉衬耐火材料的分区选择使用

列举了高炉炉衬目前使用的及推荐供未来使用的硅酸铝质、碳化硅质及碳质耐火材料和泥料的性能指标。陈述了关于改变高炉内衬某些区段结构的建议,以期提高炉衬的寿命及使用的可靠性。     

关于气流床加压溶渣气化炉耐火衬里材料的应用

本文分析了气流床加压溶渣气化炉耐火衬里材料磨蚀的原因,并讨论熔渣磨蚀与炉衬材质之间的关系,以及选择炉衬材质的依据。同时,扼要介绍了国内、外水煤浆加压气化炉炉衬的实际使用情况。     

Status and Progress of Refraetories for Aluminum Smelting Furnaces

Status and state-of-the-art progress on research,development and application of refractories for aluminum smelting furnaces and holding furnaces were reviewed and discussed in the present paper.The main types of aluminum smelting furnaces and smelting processes,and the service conditions of refractories and the requirements for refractory lining were also described and discussed.     

Refractory for lining induction furnaces

Conclusions Studies established that the lining body made from Karel'sk quartzites is not inferior to the Swedish material used for lining induction furnaces by many foreign companies.The great reserves and favorable mining conditions for obtaining these materials enable us to examine quartzite from the central Karel'sk area as raw materials for producing the lining bodies of induction furnaces.Translated from Ogneupory, No.5, pp.39–42, May, 1972.     

Improved refractories for the lining of blast furnaces

Conclusions A comprehensive comparative analysis of the principal properties of the refractories used for the lining of blast furnaces showed that the ShKD-type kaolin refractories produced by the Zaporozhe Refractories Plant possess the highest property indices and can be recommended for use under the heavy-duty service conditions in the lining of blast furnaces.A unified Standard for chamotte refractories for the lining of blast furnaces has been prepared from the results of a comprehensive analysis of their properties and the statistical data of the manufacturing plants and research institutes to meet the requirements of metallurgical plants and design organizations.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 20–28, August, 1976.     

Experience of using mixture KSVKh-1 in induction furnaces at the AMO ZIL Works

The service results of submerged-resistor induction furnaces for pig iron exposure of the vertical (capacity 30 tons) and horizontal (capacity 60 tons) types at the AMO ZIL Works are described. The furnace lining is made of KSVKh-1 corundum mixture by casting. The lining is found to be reliable in service, and its resistance is more than two times higher than that of mixture MK-90. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 13–14, May, 2007.     

Use of zirconia refractories for lining high-temperature induction furnaces

Conclusions A lining was prepared from zirconia (sectors) which can guarantee the induction heating of refractory alloy blanks up to temperatures of 2300°C in a protective atmosphere. The zirconia sectors placed in the working zones showed the maximum wear. The sectors failed due to splitting, cracking, and scaling of the working surface.The service life of the lining depends on the number of heatings of the blank, the variations in temperature, and the degree of cooling in the lining between heatings. It can be determined only by using refractories in industrial induction furnaces.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 32–36, March, 1971.     

Service conditions and improvement of the lining of vacuum induction furnaces

Conclusions A study was made of the temperature conditions in the lining of 1.0 and 2.5 ton vacuum induction furnaces. It was established that after the fourth heat the temperature conditions are stabilized and the values of the temperature gradient and the temperature at different distances from the working surface of the crucible were obtained.A design of vibropacking unit was developed making it possible to accomplish uniform packing of the crucible lining simultaneously over the whole volume.The failure stresses in the lining were relieved by introducing into its composition coarse grained corundum and by packing the mass by vibration over its whole volume.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 29–32, June, 1982.     

The Monolithic Refractory Lining for Furnaces Fired by Wood Fuel

Service conditions of the refractory lining of the furnaces of drying drums fired by wood fuel (polishing dust for wood fiber boards) are analyzed. Combustion of this fuel produces 9% of solid-state ash containing low-melting compounds capable of infiltrating into the chamotte refractory. Because of the frequent thermal shocks associated with heat-cool operating regimes and the attack by molten ash slag, the chamotte lining undergoes degradation. To improve the operating conditions and extend the service life of the lining, the use of a castable monolithic material with superior resistance to high temperature and corrosion is proposed.     

Increasing the lining life of arc furnaces for melting of cobalt

Conclusions Experimental refractory parts and a ramming mixture produced from baddeleyite concentrate have been successfully tested under conditions of the pyrometallurgical processes for production of cobalt.The chemical composition and microstructure of magnesite and baddeleyite refractories after service in production furnaces for melting of cobalt were investigated.It is desirable to line these furnaces differentially. The point of maximum wear, the charging hole, is lined with castable refractories, the side walls in the zone of entry of the electrodes with granular baddeleyite mixture-base sintered refractories, and the zone of the journals with monolithic shaped inserts produced from baddeleyite ramming mixture. The remaining portion of the lining must be made of increased density magnesite brick. Such a lining method makes it possible to substantially lengthen the furnace campaign and reduce repair costs, which in general leads to an increase in their productivity.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 48–51, February, 1989.     

Highly refractory mixture for lining crucibles of induction furnaces for melting high-temperature steel

A dry corundum mixture for lining crucibles of induction furnaces of the powder metallurgy shop of the Dneprospetsstal' Plant that increases the durability of the lining in melting high-temperature powder steels is described. The economic effect of using the mixture amounts to 230,000 karb. per ton of melted steel.     

Differentiated use of refractories in blast furnace linings

Properties of aluminosilicate, silicon carbide, and carbon refractories and mixtures used for lining blast furnaces and recommended for the future are presented. Recommendations are given for changing the design of some lining zones with the aim of increasing their endurance and reliability in service.