冻融循环对轻质填料抗压强度的影响

通过对不同配合比的13组试样在不同冻融循环次数下的无侧限抗压强度试验,研究了冻融循环对轻质填料抗压强度与变形特性的影响.结果表明,轻质填料经历冻融循环后仍具有良好的力学性能,各组分对轻质填料抗冻融特性的影响程度不同,掺加水泥可有效抵抗冻胀力,EPS颗粒和粉煤灰在掺量适中的情况下,可显著提高轻质填料的抗冻融性能,水分是造成轻质填料冻融破坏的主要因素,在满足水泥水化所需水分的前提下,寒区工程中应用轻质填料需适当降低含水率.另外,在分析不同控制强度下轻质填料冻融破坏特点的基础上,分析了该轻质填料抗冻融破坏机理.     

偏高岭土对路基填料泡沫轻质土性能的影响研究

泡沫轻质土作为一种新型的轻质填料,目前被广泛用于软土地基处理、道路加宽与桥台台背回填等方面。为了改善泡沫轻质土的性能,采用偏高岭土等量取代水泥,通过正交试验提出了偏高岭土泡沫轻质土最优配合比,并通过试验探讨了不同胶凝材料用量、偏高岭土掺量以及水胶比对轻质土抗压强度的影响规律,进一步对其干缩、干湿循环、抗冻性能及微观形貌进行了试验研究,最后确定了其初步最佳配合比。结果表明:泡沫轻质土抗压强度影响因素的显著性大小为:偏高岭土掺量胶凝材料用量水胶比;随水胶比的增大,其各龄期干缩率减小,而其干湿循环及冻融循环后的抗压强度损失率逐渐减小;随偏高岭土掺量增加,其各龄期干缩率先减小后增大,当其掺量为20%时干缩率最小,而其干湿循环及冻融循环后的抗压强度损失率逐渐增大;综合各性能得到偏高岭土泡沫轻质土最佳配合比为:水泥∶偏高岭土∶发泡剂∶水=1∶0.25∶0.025∶0.69。随着偏高岭土掺量的增加,试件内部偏高岭土易发生团聚、大气泡数量增加,导致结构密实度较差,不利于强度的发展。     

掺砂水泥固化华南滨海软土的强度和干湿循环特性试验研究

为探索砂粒对水泥固化华南滨海软土强度和干湿循环特性的影响规律,制备了一系列不同掺砂量和掺砂粒径的水泥固化华南滨海软土试样,分别进行无侧限抗压强度试验和海水及淡水条件下的干湿循环试验,同时对加载完毕的试样进行扫描电镜(SEM)测试和X射线衍射(XRD)试验。试验结果表明：掺砂水泥土试样的第7,14,28天无侧限抗压强度随掺砂量的提高而增大,其第28天强度随掺砂粒径的减小而增大;掺砂水泥土试样经历两轮干湿循环后的强度损失率最大达61%,干湿循环导致的强度劣化特性随砂粒径的减小和掺砂量的增大而得到更好的改善,并且,掺砂水泥土试样在淡水条件下的抗干湿循环能力明显优于海水条件。SEM和XRD的测试结果表明：掺砂水泥固化华南滨海软土的作用主要表现在：1)模量替换作用(高模量的砂粒替换小模量的软土);2)砂粒-水泥土界面胶结作用;3)裂纹扩展阻隔作用。     

加气煤矸石混凝土抗硫酸盐侵蚀试验研究

针对加气煤矸石混凝土耐腐蚀问题,制备了标准试件,进行干湿循环条件下加气煤矸石混凝土抗压强度试验,研究了水灰比、铝粉掺量和干湿循环次数对加气煤矸石混凝土抗压强度和耐蚀系数影响。试验结果表明:标准养护28 d条件下,加气煤矸石混凝土抗压强度与水灰比、铝粉掺量呈负相关变化规律;干湿循环0~15次时,加气混凝土抗压强度有所提高,干湿循环15次后,加气混凝土抗压强度逐渐减小;加气混凝土抗压强度耐蚀系数与水灰比、铝粉掺量呈负相关变化规律,相关性强弱关系为干湿循环90次干湿循环60次干湿循环30次。     

聚丙烯纤维锂渣混凝土在强碱与干湿循环耦合作用下抗压试验研究

对比分析在混凝土中单掺锂渣和聚丙烯纤维与两者复掺时的抗压强度的影响,结果表明:在强碱溶液与干湿循环耦合作用下锂渣最优掺量为20%、聚丙烯纤维最优掺量为0.9 kg/m~3。通过叠加效应系数分析聚丙烯纤维锂渣混凝土在强碱溶液与干湿循环耦合作用下时对抗压强度的影响,结果表明:(1)复掺锂渣和聚丙烯纤维对混凝土强度的叠加效应系数小于单掺时二者作用之和;(2)复掺锂渣和聚丙烯纤维对混凝土强度叠加效应系数先增加后减小,经60次循环后混凝土抗压强度达到峰值,可提高10%左右;(3)随着循环周期的再增加混凝土强度呈逐渐下降的趋势。     

盐碱-干湿条件下混凝土强度及耐久性问题研究

分析了纳米CaCO_3掺入量、盐碱浓度等因素对混凝土在盐碱-干湿循环后的强度及耐久性的影响,通过150次的干湿循环,研究了混凝土抗压强度耐蚀系数、质量损失率、相对动弹性模量等耐久性指标随干湿循环的变化规律。试验结果表明,掺入1%的纳米CaCO_3可以使28 d混凝土试件获得较高的抗压强度,盐碱-干湿循环条件下2%掺量的纳米CaCO_3混凝土试件强度下降最低。纳米CaCO_3对混凝土干湿循环中后期的耐久性有明显的提高作用,其最佳掺量为2%,掺量超过2%后则会造成耐久性指标的下降。盐碱浓度对纳米混凝土耐久性的影响随干湿循环次数的增加而增大,且相对动弹模量较质量损失率指标更易受盐碱浓度的影响。     

石灰钢渣稳定土的水稳性试验研究

针对路基工程施工需要,对于石灰钢渣稳定土在不同饱水时间以及不同干湿循环次数下无侧限抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度的变化规律进行了研究,并在最佳含水率附近探讨了钢渣稳定土的强度对成型含水率的敏感性.结果表明:在饱水试验和干湿循环试验中,石灰钢渣稳定土的无侧限抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度在初期急剧减小,但最终均趋于稳定;随着龄期的增长,成型含水率的变化对石灰钢渣稳定土强度的影响逐渐减小,增加钢渣掺量能够有效改善石灰钢渣稳定土的水稳性能.     

轻质抹灰脱硫石膏砂浆的研究

为研究影响轻质抹灰脱硫石膏砂浆性能的因素,测试了不同石膏粉掺量、轻骨料掺量、缓凝剂掺量及纤维素醚掺量时轻质抹灰脱硫石膏的凝结时间、抗折强度及抗压强度.试验结果表明:轻质抹灰石膏的抗折及抗压强度随脱硫石膏粉掺量的增加整体呈上涨趋势;轻质抹灰脱硫石膏砂浆的抗折强度及抗压强度均随玻化微珠掺量的增加而减小;轻质抹灰脱硫石膏砂浆...     

干湿循环条件下橡胶混凝土单轴抗压力学性能耐久性试验研究

主要研究了盐溶液干湿循环条件下不同老化时间橡胶混凝土圆柱体的轴压力学性能。试验中对橡胶掺量为0、10%、20%、30%的四组混凝土圆柱试件均进行了0、90、180次干湿循环处理,通过对处理后的试件进行轴心抗压试验测得应力-应变曲线,分析了不同橡胶掺量和不同老化时间对橡胶混凝土力学性能的影响。试验表明:随着橡胶掺量的增加,橡胶混凝土抗压强度和最大荷载处对应的峰值应变均逐渐降低,但同一橡胶掺量下混凝土随着盐溶液干湿循环次数的增加,峰值应变变化不大;经过90次和180次干湿循环后,橡胶掺量为0、10%、20%的混凝土抗压强度增加明显,而掺量为30%的混凝土经过180次干湿循环后抗压强度降低9.16%。     

干湿循环下桥梁混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀试验分析

为探究在干湿循环状态下混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀性能以及混凝土内部损伤规律。研究了不同氯离子浓度下,随着干湿循环次数的增加,对混凝土动弹性模量、损伤层厚度以及立方体抗压强度的影响。研究表明:在干湿循环30 d之前,混凝土抗压强度略有提高,其后强度大幅下降,并且氯离子浓度越高,强度下降速度越快;干湿循环进行到90 d时,处于8%NaCl溶液下的混凝土强度下降到52%;随着氯离子浓度的增加,混凝土动弹性模量逐渐下降,损伤层厚度逐渐增加。针对处于海洋环境下和西部盐渍地区的混凝土,可采取适当添加外掺料或者在混凝土表层涂抹防腐材料,以提高混凝土的抗氯离子侵蚀能力。     

水泥土力学性质试验研究

通过比较焦作市某工程软地基土不同含水量，不同水泥、粉煤灰掺量的试件不同龄期的无侧限抗压强度，分析了含水量、水泥掺量、粉煤灰掺量和龄期对试件强度的影响，得出了水泥掺量、粉煤灰掺量和标准龄期的最优值。     

活性粉末混凝土配制技术的试验研究

首先研究了各种减水剂和配合比设计对活性粉末混凝土(RPC)性能的影响。试验对水胶比以及硅灰、粉煤灰、磨细石英粉和钢纤维等原材料的掺配比例对RPC的抗折强度、抗压强度和流动性的影响规律进行了研究。结果显示,掺入粉煤灰取代部分水泥用量,可较好地改善RPC的强度和工作性能。最后提出了一种通过热水养护,抗压强度可以超过200MPa的超高强混凝土。     

Compressive strength and stability of sustainable self-consolidating concrete containing fly ash,silica fume,and GGBS

This paper presents the findings of an experimental program seeking to understand the effect of mineral admixtures on fresh and hardened properties of sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixes where up to 80% of Portland cement was replaced with fly ash, silica fume, or ground granulated blast furnace slag. Compressive strength of SCC mixes was measured after 3, 7, and 28 days of moist curing. It was concluded in this study that increasing the dosage of fly ash increases concrete flow but also decreases segregation resistance. In addition, for the water-to-cement ratio of 0.36 used in this study, it was observed that the compressive strength decreases compared to control mix after 28 days of curing when cement was partially replaced by 10%, 30%, and 40%of fly ash. However, a fly ash replacement ratio of 20% increased the compressive strength by a small margin compared to the control mix. Replacing cement with silica fume at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% was found to increase compressive strength of SCC mixes compared to the control mix. However, the highest 28 day compressive strength of 95.3 MPa occurred with SCC mixes in which 15% of the cement was replaced with silica fume.     

预测粉煤灰混凝土强度的双参数模型

研究了不同龄期,用粉煤灰取代水泥、取代细骨料和混合取代三种取代方式下混凝土抗压强度的发展状况,建立了预测混凝土抗压强度增长因子双参数模型。结果表明:龄期与取代率对强度增长因子的影响是相互独立的;强度增长因子随龄期的增长而增大;取代水泥时,强度增长因子随取代率的增大而减小;取代细骨料时,强度增长因子随取代率的增大先增大后减小,最大值点在20%左右;取代细骨料对强度的增长较取代水泥有利;继而建立了混合取代方式下强度增长因子预测模型,引入取代率权重变化因子,其只与龄期有关,混合取代得到的强度增长因子介于取代水泥和取代细骨料得到的二者之间,且随龄期的增长,粉煤灰取代细骨料对强度的作用效应愈发增强。     

Properties of sustainable concrete containing fly ash,slag and recycled concrete aggregate

The suitability of using more “sustainable” concrete for wind turbine foundations and other applications involving large quantities of concrete was investigated. The approach taken was to make material substitutions so that the environmental, energy and CO₂-impact of concrete could be reduced. This was accomplished by partial replacement of cement with large volumes of fly ash or blast furnace slag and by using recycled concrete aggregate.Five basic concrete mixes were considered. These were: (1) conventional mix with no material substitutions, (2) 50% replacement of cement with fly ash, (3) 50% replacement of cement with blast furnace slag, (4) 70% replacement of cement with blast furnace slag and (5) 25% replacement of cement with fly ash and 25% replacement with blast furnace slag. Recycled concrete aggregate was investigated in conventional and slag-modified concretes. Properties investigated included compressive and tensile strengths, elastic modulus, coefficient of permeability and durability in chloride and sulphate solutions. It was determined that the mixes containing 50% slag gave the best overall performance. Slag was particularly beneficial for concrete with recycled aggregate and could reduce strength losses. Durability tests indicated slight increases in coefficient of permeability and chloride diffusion coefficient when using recycled concrete aggregate. However, values remained acceptable for durable concrete and the chloride diffusion coefficient was improved by incorporation of slag in the mix. Concrete with 50% fly ash had relatively poor performance for the materials and mix proportions used in this study and it is recommended that such mixes be thoroughly tested before use in construction projects.     

中老磨万铁路复杂环境下混凝土力学性能试验研究

为配制满足中老磨万铁路复杂环境下的不同强度等级混凝土,采用老挝产水泥等原材料和中国产减水剂,通过混凝土配合比设计、不同强度指标的力学性能试验,研究了混凝土强度的尺寸效应和粉煤灰单掺掺量对C55混凝土力学性能的影响,确定了中老磨万铁路桥梁用C20~C60混凝土施工配合比。结果表明:按照本文的配合比设计,可以配制出满足中国铁路规范要求的不同强度等级混凝土;单掺粉煤灰情况下,中老磨万铁路桥梁用C55混凝土的粉煤灰适宜掺量为15%。所确定的C55混凝土施工配合比已成功应用于实桥混凝土施工。     

粉煤灰水泥堆积效应与其抗压强度的关系

将粉煤灰粉磨后，以不同比例与一定细度水泥配合，制成一系列粉煤灰水泥粉体．根据Dinger-Funk数学模型得出粉煤灰水泥粉体最佳颗粒群分布即最紧密堆积颗粒群分布．通过水泥与粉煤灰激光粒度检测结果计算粉煤灰水泥粉体实际颗粒群分布．运用灰色关联分析原理考察粉煤灰水泥粉体实际颗粒群分布与最紧密堆积颗粒群分布的相关性，同时测定粉煤灰水泥标准稠度用水量以及胶砂抗压强度．结果证明：当粉煤灰水泥粉体实际颗粒群分布与最紧密堆积颗粒群分布关联度较高时，相应粉煤灰水泥标准稠度用水量增加较少，胶砂抗压强度发展较理想．     

Mixed cement containing fly ash for masonry and plastering work

A class-F fly ash was used in making masonry mortars suitable for brick joints and for plastering. The mortars were made of a locally produced mixed cement and fly ash at 20% and 40% cement replacement with and without the addition of an air entraining agent/plasticiser. The testing programme includes the determination of water demand, relations between water-to-binder ratio and flow, setting time, air content, water retention, compressive strength and flexural strength.The obtained results suggest that fairly coarse grade class-F fly ash can be incorporated into mortars as replacement of the mixed cement for joint and plastering. The main concern is the low water retention which would be minimized by using a better grade/finer fly ash or by incorporation of plasticiser. Mixed cement containing 20–40% fly ash can be used to make Type N or Type S mortars. Furthermore, relations between flow values and water to binder ratio (W/B) of the mixed cement containing fly ash are developed as a practical aid for selection and formulation of mortar for brick construction and rendering/plastering.     

微波辐照激发粉煤灰活性的试验研究

粉煤灰经过微波辐照,其活性得到提高。调节微波功率和时间,确定最佳的微波辐照参数。结果表明,采用450 W微波功率辐照10 min,粉煤灰活性提高效果最明显。将微波辐照的粉煤灰与水泥熟料混合,制备大掺量粉煤灰水泥。砂浆强度试验显示,当II级粉煤灰掺量达40%时,3、28 d强度满足32.5级粉煤灰水泥国家标准的强度要求。对微波辐照的粉煤灰进行红外光谱分析,发现在1 100 cm-1附近强吸收区Si-O伸缩振动频率与粉煤灰活性存在对应关系,即Si-O伸缩振动频率越低,其活性越高。     

Application of phosphogypsum in soil stabilization

This paper describes the application of phosphogypsum with cement and fly ash for soil stabilization. Atterberg limits, standard Proctor compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests were carried out on cement, fly ash and phosphogypsum stabilized soil samples. Treatment with cement, fly ash and phosphogypsum generally reduces the plasticity index. The maximum dry unit weights increase as cement and phosphogypsum contents increase, but decrease as fly ash content increases. Generally optimum moisture contents of the stabilized soil samples decrease with addition of cement, fly ash and phosphogypsum. Unconfined compressive strengths of untreated soils were in all cases lower than that for treated soils. The cement content has a significantly higher influence than the fly ash content. The use of two waste by-products, phosphogypsum and fly ash may provide an inexpensive and advantageous construction product.