前驱体碳化粉末反应火焰喷涂制备TiC增强金属复合涂层

采用前驱体碳化复合技术制备了Ti-Fe-C和Ti-Ni-C两种体系的反应热喷涂复合粉末,通过氧乙炔火焰喷涂原位合成并沉积了TiC增强Fe基和Ni基复合涂层.利用XRD、SEM和EDS研究了复合粉末、涂层的相组成和组织结构,考察了TiC/Fe、TiC/Ni复合涂层的硬度和耐磨性.结果表明: 复合粉末在喷涂过程中反应充分,可分别生成以Fe和Ni为粘结相的TiC增强涂层;两种涂层都是由TiC颗粒均匀分布的复合强化片层和TiC聚集片层叠加而成,TiC/Fe复合涂层的片层较薄,而TiC/Ni涂层中TiC的聚集片层较少;TiC/Fe涂层的硬度高于TiC/Ni涂层,两者的耐磨性能分别约为Ni60涂层的11倍和6倍.     

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Clad Cobalt-Based Alloy／SiCp Composite Coating

The SiCp (20%) reinforced cobalt-based alloy composite coatings deposited by lasercladding on IF steel were introduced. The microstructure across the whole section of such coat-ings was examined using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-raydiffractometer (XRD), and the wear resistance of the coatings was measured by MM-200 typewear testing machine. The results show that the SiCp is completely dissolved during laser clad-ding and the primary phase in the coatings is r-Co. The other phases, such as SizW, CoWSi,Cr3Si and CoSi2, are formed by carbon, silicon reacting with other elements existing in themelting pool. There are various crystallization morphologies in different zones, such as planarcrystallization at the interface, followed by cellular and dendrite crystallization from interface tothe surface. The direction of solidification changes from one direction perpendicular to interfaceto multi-directions at the central and upper regions of the clad. The wear resistance of the cladis improved by adding SiCp.     

镍铬?莫来石复合陶瓷涂层热障及抗热震性能的研究

使用球磨法混制了五组不同比例的镍铬?莫来石复合粉末,利用超音速等离子喷涂技术在45钢基材表面制备相应的镍铬?莫来石复合陶瓷涂层,测定涂层导的热系数和抗热震性能,采用扫描电子显微镜观察涂层表面、截面显微形貌,利用能谱仪分析涂层特征区的组织成分,通过X射线衍射分析涂层组织结构。结果表明,镍铬?莫来石复合涂层以镍铬固溶体为基体,其上均匀分布着莫来石颗粒,莫来石与基体之间形成了扩散相,提高了莫来石与基体之间的润湿性,使莫来石被基体牢固包覆;莫来石颗粒的加入强化了基体,在莫来石体积分数38%～75%范围内,随着莫来石含量的增加,涂层强韧性增加,抗热震性提高,热导率降低。     

反应等离子喷涂TiN复相涂层的组织与性能研究

采用工业纯钛粉,利用反应等离子喷涂技术,在45钢表面原位合成TiN复相涂层。利用X射线衍射仪分析了涂层的物相组成,采用扫描电镜观察涂层的组织结构、显微压痕、断口和磨损形貌,采用能谱仪分析压痕微区成分,测试了涂层的显微硬度和耐磨性能。结果表明:复相涂层由TiN、TiN0.3、Ti3O组成;涂层具有典型的层状组织结构,且层与层之间、层与基体之间结合较好;涂层的显微硬度为983~1 254 HV0.1;显微压痕形状清晰、规则,且压痕周围无翘边现象;断口形貌说明涂层具有一定的韧性,为介于陶瓷材料与韧性材料之间的混合断裂机制;涂层在低载荷时耐磨性能最佳。     

Effects of austenizing time on wear behavior of D6 tool steel after deep cryogenic treatment

 The effects of the prior austenite grain size in deep cryogenic treatment on the hardness, the structural change and the wear resistance of D6 tool steel were investigated. The wear resistance of the cryogenically treated samples was determined using the pin-on-disk wear machine. The microstructural characteristics and phases present in heat-treated samples were determined bye use of SEM and XRD techniques. The results showed that the retained austenite is completely transformed to martensite during the cryogenic treatment. Besides, there is an optimum grain size in which the maximum wear resistance and hardness are obtained.     

Microstructure and high-temperature properties of Fe-Ti-Cr-Mo-B-C-Y_2O_3 laser cladding coating

Fe-based composite coatings were fabricated on 5 CrNiMo die steel by laser beam melting a precursor mixture of ferrotitanium,ferrochromium,ferromolybdenum,B4 C and Y_2 O_3 powders.Micro structure and properties of the coatings were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive spectrometer(EDS),resistance furnace and high-temperature tribometer.The results show that(Ti,Mo)C particles with flower-like and(Ti,Mo)B_2 with block-like shapes are in situ formed during laser cladding.Volume faction of multiple ceramic particles increases with the increasing of Y_2 O_3.The cumulative oxidation mass of the coating with 2 wt% Y_2 O_3 is decreased by one-third than that of the coating without Y_2 O_3.The oxidation layer of the coating with Y_2 O_3 is getting smooth.Meanwhile,high temperature wear volume loss of the coating with 2 wt% Y_2 O_3 is about 40% that of the coating without Y_2 O_3.The coating with 2 wt% Y_2 O_3 shows a smoother wear scar and few flat grooves are observed after high temperature wear test.     

Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Laser-Aided Direct Metal Deposited Co-285 and Co-285?+?WC Coatings

The laser-aided direct metal deposition technique was used to form Co-285 superalloy (A) and Co-285 + 30 wt pct WC (B) wear-resistant coatings on 1018 mild steel. Microstructure, element distribution, phases, microhardness distribution, and wear properties of the two coatings were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry, scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), microhardness testing, and wear testing. Results indicate that both of the coatings had dense structures, as well as a metallurgical bonding with the substrate. In addition, coating B had microcracks and randomly distributed undissolved WC particles in it. Coating A was composed of α-Co dendrites, Co₃W precipitates, and eutectics, while coating B was composed of undissolved WC, Co-rich dendrites, eutectics, and the W-rich third phases with various shapes. Crack behavior in coating B was also discussed. The average microhardness of the matrix in coating B was 751 HV_0.5, which was almost 1.8 times that of coating A (420 HV_0.5). Wear results indicate that the wear resistance of coating B was improved by 6.8 times compared with that of coating A. The improvement in wear resistance is believed to be partially due to the undissolved WC and the formation of large numbers of carbides in the matrix working as wear-resistant phases and partially due to the good bonding between the hard phases and the tough matrix.     

Influence of Lanthanum on Tribological Properties and Microstructure of Laser Clad B ＋ Fe ＋ Si Composite Coatings

The effects of rare earth ferrosilicon on the microstructure and anti-wear properties of laser-clad Fe-based alloy coating were investigated. The composition of Fe, B4C and rare earth ferrosillcon powders with different contents of lanthanum were clad onto a 45 # carbon steel substrate. Microstructural features, chemical compositions, phase structure,hardness, friction and wear properties by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS),hardness tester, block-on-ring friction and wear tester of the clad coating were determined. Experimental results show that the friction coefficient of the clad coating doped with rare earth ferrosilicon is reduced while the wear resistance of clad coating doped with rare earth ferrosilicon is enhanced. When the content of lanthanum increases to 1.92%, the clad coating shows the best anti-wear ability, and as the content of lanthanum exceeds 1.92%, the wear weight loss increases quickly. The rare earth ferrosilicon to be doped in the clad coatings helps to disperse the boride phase (Fe2B, FeB, B4C)particles and refine the grain of boride phase. The enhancement of clad coating‘s wear resistance is due to the existence of dispersed boride phases.     

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of N-Doped TiO2 Coatings Grown on Stainless Steel by Plasma Surface Alloying Technology

 N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) coatings were obtained by oxidation of titanium nitride coatings, which were prepared by the plasma surface alloying technique on stainless steel (SS). The microstructure of N-TiO2 coatings was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Ball-on-disc sliding wear was applied to test and compare the tribological behaviors of the coatings and substrate. XRD patterns showed that anatase type TiO2 existed in the coatings after oxidation. GDOES showed that the resultant coatings had a layered structure, comprising of N-TiO2 layer at the top and a diffusion-type interface. Such a hybrid coatings system showed good adhesion with the substrate. According to XPS, residual N atoms partially occupied O atom sites in the TiO2 lattice. Uniform, continuous and compact coatings were observed by SEM images of coatings after oxidation. Under a load of 7.6 N, the coefficient of friction was in the range of 0.27-0.38 for the N-TiO2/Al2O3 systems and the wear rate of the coatings was only one-fourteenth of that for untreated 316L SS. N-TiO2 coatings displayed much better wear resistance and antifriction performance than SS substrate.     

超音速等离子喷涂YPSZ涂层的组织及耐磨性能

为了研制一种连铸结晶器耐高温耐磨材料,采用超音速等离子喷涂法在纯铜板上制备了氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆(YPSZ)涂层.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、彩色3D激光显微镜和图形软件(Image-pro Plus3.0)对YPSZ涂层的微观组织进行表征,通过销盘式磨损仪在室温干摩擦条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性能及化学硬化对涂层耐磨性能的影响.研究发现YPSZ涂层完全由t’-ZrO₂相组成,其断口形貌由柱状晶和一定量的部分熔融颗粒组成,截面组织形态表现出较好的完整性,涂层孔隙率为1.2%,表面粗糙度为6.457μm.磨损实验表明化学硬化前YPSZ涂层与刚玉球对磨时的摩擦因数在0.5~0.6之间,平均磨痕宽度为3638.8μm,磨损体积为1.25508×10-2mm3,磨损机制为脆性断裂导致的磨粒磨损;化学硬化后YPSZ涂层的磨痕宽度和磨损体积均有大幅降低,脆断程度也更轻,其磨损性能得到极大改善.      

HVOF喷涂Cr3C2-NiCr涂层：粉末颗粒形貌和喷涂参数对涂层微观组织、性能和高温耐磨性的影响

热喷涂碳化铬涂层广泛应用于高温耐磨环境。在这样高温的恶劣环境下,许多相会产生分解、氧化以及涂层组织变化,从而影响其耐磨性。尽管可以认为Cr3C2-NiCr涂层在高温条件下的组织分解将取决于喷涂微观结构和喷涂参数,但在这方面的研究较少。本文旨在设计出更好的喷涂参数,以提高碳化铬涂层在高温滑动磨擦磨损条件下的显微结构性能。通过X-射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察两种Cr3C2-NiCr相所形成的涂层组织,并且观察飞行颗粒的温度和速度。本文研究了800％下滑动摩擦行为与喷涂参数和涂层微观结构的关系,同时测量涂层在滑动磨擦前后的维氏硬度（300gf）。     

等离子喷涂Al_2O_3-TiO_2陶瓷涂层的显微组织及摩擦学性能

以Al_2O_3-TiO_2(x=0%,3%,13%,20%,40%,质量分数)复合陶瓷粉末为原料,采用等离子喷涂工艺在316L不锈钢基体表面制备5种陶瓷涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X线衍射仪(XRD)、荧光金相显微镜分析粉末和涂层形貌、微观结构、物相组成及涂层孔隙率;利用显微硬度计及摩擦磨损试验机测试涂层力学及摩擦学性能,观察试样磨损形貌,分析磨损机理。结果表明:涂层呈典型的等离子喷涂层状堆积特征,涂层与基体结合良好。随TiO_2含量增加,涂层主相由γ-Al_2O_3向Al_2TiO_5相过渡,涂层韧性升高,硬度和孔隙率降低。在大气环境下,低TiO_2含量的涂层(Al_2O_3、AT3)发生应力疲劳磨损,高TiO_2含量的涂层(AT13、AT20和AT40)发生应变疲劳磨损;而在水环境下,5种涂层均发生应力疲劳磨损。     

Investigation of Tribological Behavior of Ceramic–Graphene Composite Coating Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Plasma electrolyte oxidation coatings were formed on AZ31 magnesium alloy in the phosphate electrolyte containing 0 and 5 g L^?1 graphenes at different process times. The composition and microstructure of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM images showed that by increasing the coating time, the number of coating pores decreased whereas the diameter of coating pores increased. Furthermore, the diameter and number of pores related to ceramic–graphene composite coatings were lower than ceramic ones. XRD analysis indicated that major constituents of coatings were MgO and Mg₃(PO₄)₂. The pin-on-disk sliding tests revealed that the wear loss and coefficient of friction of ceramic–graphene composite coatings were lower than simple ones.     

Influence of adding various rare earths on microstructures and corrosion resistance of chromizing coatings prepared via pack cementation on P110 steel

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and increase the service lifetime of P110 steel during operation,four chromizing coatings were formed onto its surface with/without addition of rare earths via pack cementation process.The surface morphologies and microstructures of the chromizing coatings were observed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the phase constitutions were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD).Electrochemical corrosion behavior of the chromizing coatings in simulated oilfield ...     

含稀土油浆泵耐磨涂层合金粉体材料的研究

采用气雾化方法制备了NiCrWRE油浆泵耐磨涂层用合金粉末。利用SEM、OM、XRD等技术研究了粉末的特性。探讨了稀土元素对NiCrWRE粉末性能的影响。试验结果表明，加入稀土元素可以获得致密化程度较高、分布均匀的组织，粉末形貌呈球形，流动性好，具有良好的喷焊性能，喷焊层与基体形成牢固的冶金结合。     

Influence of the Structure and Properties OF WC – Co Alloy Powders on the Structure and Wear-Resistance of Detonation Coatings

We have made comparative investigations of the structure, phase composition and abrasive wear resistance of WC – Co coatings sprayed by the detonation method using powders of identical chemical composition and different particle structure, because the powders are prepared by different technologies. The laws we have found that govern how the structure evolves from the initial powder to a coating allow us to predict the physicotechnical properties of the coating. The more porous the powders, the more they are affected by the gas atmosphere in the spraying process and thus, the more significant changes in the phase composition are observed in the powder – coating system. The use of powders with highly porous particles results in the formation of porous coatings with low wear resistance.     

镁锂合金表面含碳陶瓷层的摩擦性能

通过在Na₂SiO₃-KOH基础电解液中加入石墨烯添加剂,在镁锂合金表面制备出一层自润滑的含碳陶瓷层. 利用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜以及X射线衍射仪分析了陶瓷层的表面形貌、粗糙度以及物相组成,利用摩擦磨损试验仪对陶瓷层在室温下的摩擦学性能进行研究. 其结果表明,加入石墨烯后制备出的含碳陶瓷层表面放电微孔分布均匀,且其微孔尺寸和表面粗糙度均明显降低. 相比于镁锂合金,陶瓷层的表面硬度也得到明显的提高. 此外,含碳陶瓷层主要由SiO₂、Mg₂SiO₄以及MgO物相组成,而石墨烯则以机械形式弥散分布于陶瓷层中并起到减摩作用. 当石墨烯体积分数为1%时,陶瓷层表面显微硬度为1317.6 HV_{0.1 kg},其摩擦系数仅为0.09,其耐磨性明显提高. 同时,陶瓷层磨痕的深度和宽度均明显小于镁锂合金,而且较为光滑,表明陶瓷层表面没有发生严重的黏着磨损.      

Effect of Microstructures on Resistance of a Hot Elevated-Temperature Wear Working Die Steel

 Elevated-temperature wear tests under atmospheric conditions at 400 ℃ were performed for a hot working die steel H21 on a pin-on-disk wear tester. The phase and morphology of worn surfaces were examined using XRD and SEM, and the relation of wear resistance to tempered microstructures was studied for H21 steel. XRD patterns exhibit that oxidative wear is a predominated wear mechanism with Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 on worn surfaces. It is found that with increasing normal load, obvious plastic deformation of substrate appears on worn surfaces. Microstructures start to affect apparently wear resistance of the steel with an increase of load. Under loads of 50-100 N, wear losses of steel retain low values and relatively approach for steels with various microstructures. As loads are increased to 150-200 N, wear losses of steel start to increase obviously and present apparent difference for steel with various microstructures. Wear resistance is found to increase in the sequence as follows: tempered sorbite, tempered martensite, tempered troostite without secondary hardening and tempered troostite with secondary hardening or upcoming one. Higher strength and microstructural stability are required for steels with excellent wear resistance.     

新型中锰马氏体高强度钢的耐磨性能

 利用销盘式磨料磨损试验和三体冲击磨料磨损试验研究碳质量分数分别为0.12%和0.19%新型中锰马氏体高强度钢的磨损行为,并与Hardox450钢和21C钢进行耐磨性能对比。用磨损失重量表征耐磨性能,利用LOM、SEM和XRD等设备研究材料磨料磨损机制。结果表明,新型中锰钢耐磨性能与Hardox450钢及21C钢相当。在销盘式磨料磨损试验和三体冲击磨料磨损试验中,马氏体高强钢的耐磨性能与材料的硬度呈线性关系,硬度越高,材料耐磨性越好。由于锰的添加,新型中锰钢的优点不仅在于具有锰的固溶强化特性提高耐磨性能,还在于该钢的淬透性几乎与该钢的冷却速度无关,因而该钢具有大规模工业生产的潜力。     

Effects of CeO2 nanoparticles on microstructure and properties of laser cladded NiCoCrAlY coatings

CeO2 nanoparticles(nano-CeO2p) were added into laser cladded NiCoCrAlY coatings on Ni-based superalloy substrate to improve the microstructure and properties.Scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),micro-hardness tester,and heat treatment furnace were employed to investigate their morphologies,phases,micro-hardness and thermal shock resistance,compared with the coating without nanoparticles added.The results showed that the microstructure and properties of the coatings with the addition ...