2-氨基革酮与酰氯反应的研究

以2-氨基草酮（1）为起始原料，分别与不同取代基的酰氯反应，合成了不同取代基的革酮类化合物2a-2d．同时探讨了不同反应温度、反应时间、投料比等条件对反应收率的影响，最后找到合理的反应条件，最终产物的结构通过IR、1HNMR、MS及元素分析等手段得到了表征。     

环糊精包合催化作用研究及其有机合成应用

研究了环糊精包合增效催化作用及其在有机合成中的应用，发现环糊精包含催化作用在一定程度甚至是显著提高了合成收率。以取代苯甲醛为底物、三氯甲烷与氢氧化钠作试剂，合成取代扁桃酸即α－羟基取代苯乙酸为例，βＣＤ的包合催化使收率由２～４１．０％提高至３２．１～５６．０％，平均约１０％以上，效果明显，且选择性亦有改善，同时副反应产物受到抑制。     

吡啶酮系偶氮型分散染料结构与性能的研究──Ⅰ．吡啶酮系偶氮型分散染料结构与光谱性能的关系

本文合成了６８个吡啶酮偶氮型分散染料及Ｃ．Ｉ．分散黄１１９，研究了重氮组份及偶合组份上取代基与染料光谱性能的关系。吡啶酮系偶氮染料光谱性能规律和一般苯系偶氮染料光谱规律不同，并且脱氰基吡啶酮分散染料较含氰基吡啶酮分散染料有好的耐酸、碱变色性。     

用于有机光导材料的三偶氮颜料的合成研究

以4，4’，4”-三氨基三苯胺为母体，以含有4种不同取代基的萘酚AS为偶合组分合成了一系列三芳胺三偶氮类有机光导颜料．用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和X射线衍射光谱对结构进行了表征．研究结果表明，含硫杂环三偶氮类有机光导颜料在520—730nm之间都有较强吸收．     

季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成

研究了季铵型高取代度阳离子淀粉的合成方法．并对其反应条件进行了探讨．分析讨论各反应因素对阳离子取代度及产品性能的影响，选择并确定反应的最佳条件。     

吡啶酮系偶氮型分散染料结构与性能的研究：Ⅰ.吡啶酮系偶氮型分散染料结…

本文合成了６８个吡啶酮偶氮型分散染料Ｃ．Ｉ．分散黄１１９，研究了重氮组份及偶合组份上取代基与染料光谱性能的关系。吡啶酮系偶氮染料光谱性能规律和一般苯系偶氮染料光谱规律不同，并且脱氰基吡啶酮分散染料较含氰基吡啶啶酮分杂料有好的耐酸，碱变色性。     

3-芳基取代苯并呋喃-2-酮类化合物的合成进展

本主要阐述了目前3-芳基取代苯并呋喃酮类化合物的研究进展及合成路线。总结了用不同的试剂，通过不同的路线合成该类化合物的方法。较全面地给出了已经合成出的一系列该类化合物。     

羧甲基淀粉钠合成工艺条件的研究

本文采用有机溶煤法合成羧甲基淀粉钠，利用正交试验法确定最佳工艺条件，实验表明，当淀粉：一氯乙酸，氢氧化钠的摩尔比为１：２．４５：５．０，反应温度５５℃，反应时间３小时，所得产物－羧甲基淀粉的取代度为最高，紫外光照剂可以提高产物的取代度。     

氨基甲酰乙基淀粉合成中副反应的影响

本文以木薯氧化淀粉为原料,合成了不同取代度（Ｄ．Ｓ）的氨基甲酰乙基淀粉,通过研究氢氧化钠浓度、反应温度、反应时间及丙烯酰胺用量对醚化产物中酰胺基取代度、羧基取代度及总醚化效率的影响,探讨了氨基甲酰乙基淀粉（ＣＥＳ）合成中的副反应。结果表明：氨基甲酰乙基化反应程度受上述因素制约。最佳醚化条件为：０．２ｍ ｏｌ／ｍ ｏｌ（淀粉）,ｃ（ＮａＯＨ）＝ ０．１０ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ,４０℃,反应４ｈ。在此条件下氨基甲酰乙基淀粉的相对水解度最小,且醚化效率最大,可达７２．６％ 。     

头孢菌素衍生物重要中间体的制备

取代苯基丙二睛是制备除草剂3类基4涝基巧卓代毗 哇琳的重要中间体，该中间体的合成在文献Ckem．Commun．     

酯交换法合成碳酸二甲酯工艺研究

通过酯交换法,以甲醇和碳酸丙烯酯为原料,反应精饱同最佳剂,确定了其用量,考察了原料配比等对反应转化率的影响。同时,采用萃取精馏法对甲醇＝碳酸二甲酯二元恒沸物进行了分离研究,得到了适宜的萃取剂,研究了萃取剂的配比和回流比对分离性能的影响。并考察了催化剂和萃取剂的回收及循环使用对反应和分离性能的影响。对副产品丙二醇的回收及回流比对其纯度的影响也进行了考察。     

A function of external doping: Characteristics of inorganic nanostructure based diode

The present study has been related to synthesis and characterization of ZnO films growth by chemical spray pyrolysis technique. Variation in the characteristics of ZnO film has been evaluated as a function of Cobalt content. The influence of cobalt content on structural, morphological, optical and electrical features have been observed by XRD, SEM, AFM, UV–vis spectroscopy and I-V measurement, respectively. Structural measurements of the samples indicate that all samples have polycrystalline nature with (002) preferential orientation. SEM and AFM images have indicated that films have smooth and uniform morphology. Changes in the surface morphology of the samples have been explained by taking Cobalt incorporation into consideration. Optical studies reveal that the band gap values of the samples exhibit decreasing tendency with Cobalt content. Performance of ZnO films in Schottky diode application has been conducted by evaporation Au contact on ZnO:Co films. From I-V curves of the devices, it has been observed that all devices exhibit good rectifying properties. Also, some diode parameters such as ideality factor, barrier height have been calculated by considering thermionic emission theory (TE) and have been found in the range of 1.89–1.57 and 0.57–0.62 eV, respectively. Additionally, these results and series resistance values of the diodes have been checked and calculated by using Cheung's function. Results showed that all diode parameters highly depended on cobalt concentration. All results have been discussed in detail depending on cobalt incorporation.     

生物质焦分形维数计算

采用压汞法的实验数据,计算两种分形模型下生物质焦样的分形维数。其中根据Menger海绵模型计算得到的分形维数Dm的值在2．7～3．1之间,基于热力学关系的分形模型计算得到的分形维数Dr的值在2．7～2．9之间。分析认为第二种模型更好的描述了焦样的孔隙结构,Dr的值比Dm的值更为合理。实验结果表明,分形维数与生物质种类有关,树叶焦样的分形维数整体上大于稻壳焦样的分形维数。生物质焦样的平均孔径与分形维数有关。总的来看,同一生物质焦样的分形维数随着平均孔径的增大而减小。     

Studies of oligomers by gel permeation chromatography

The photoinitiated reactions of bromotrichloromethane and of carbon tetrabromide on styrene, and of bromotrichloromethane on methyl methacrylate have been studied. The products have been analysed by gel permeation chromatography and the transfer constants for the first few steps in the polymerisations have been determined; some Arrhenius parameters have also been found. The processes may provide a synthetic route to a number of oligomers which are difficult to form by other methods.     

Bioinspired steel surfaces with extreme wettability contrast

The exterior structures of natural organisms have continuously evolved by controlling wettability, such as the Namib Desert beetle, whose back has hydrophilic/hydrophobic contrast for water harvesting by mist condensation in dry desert environments, and some plant leaves that have hierarchical micro/nanostructures to collect or repel liquid water. In this work, we have provided a method for wettability contrast on alloy steels by both nano-flake or needle patterns and tuning of the surface energy. Steels were provided with hierarchical micro/nanostructures of Fe oxides by fluorination and by a subsequent catalytic reaction of fluorine ions on the steel surfaces in water. A hydrophobic material was deposited on the structured surfaces, rendering superhydrophobicity. Plasma oxidization induces the formation of superhydrophilic surfaces on selective regions surrounded by superhydrophobic surfaces. We show that wettability contrast surfaces align liquid water within patterned hydrophilic regions during the condensation process. Furthermore, this method could have a greater potential to align other liquids or living cells.     

Preparation of Highly Oil-Absorbing Resins Consisting of Hollow Nanoparticle Aggregates by Spray Drying

We report on the preparation of a novel poly(styrene-dodecyl methacrylate) (P(St-DMA)) absorbent resin by spray drying. The microstructures of the prepared resins have been examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), showing that the resins consisted of hollow micrometer-sized spheres that were aggregated by nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the effects of the content of the cross-linker divinybenzene (DVB) on the oil absorption capacity, the desorption efficiency and the resin microstructures have also been studied. The absorption performance and the hydrophobic properties of the resins prepared by spray drying and vacuum drying have been studied and compared.     

Sol—Gel法制备SiO2—TiO2膜

本文以四氯化钛为原料，采用Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ法以浸镀方式在浮法玻璃上制备了纯ＴｉＯ２膜和ＳｉＯ２－ＴｉＯ２混合膜。用电子探针、红外光谱仪和电子衍射仪测定了薄膜的成分分布及结构演变。用紫外－可见光光谱仪测定了样品的与反射率曲线。研究了溶液浓度、粘度、提拉速度及热处理温度等因素对镀膜质量的影响。     

Comparison of different methods to prepare MgO whiskers

Magnesia whiskers have been made by hydrolysis of MgCl₂–KCl melt and conversion of magnesium hydroxide whiskers. The morphology of MgO whiskers was examined by SEM and TEM. Composition of products was identified by XRD. Comparisons have been made on the morphology and quality of the products by different methods. Discussions have been made on the efficiency, product quality control and scale-up feasibility of these methods. Whiskers prepared by hydrolysis have uniform diameter but other shapes of magnesia are often found. Conversion of Mg(OH)₂ whiskers to MgO whiskers is simple and easy to scale-up, but the product often has many defects caused by decomposition. Nevertheless, the single crystal structure can be reserved as revealed by electron diffraction. XRD results show that the purity of products by hydrolysis is better than that by conversion. The conversion method is more hopeful for industrial production.     

相关参素对微乳液化学剪裁制备Ni-Fe复合磁性纳米微粒组成及粒径分布的影响

用XRD、TEM、EDS研究了微乳液化学剪裁制备明胶包裹的复合纳米量级Ni Fe超细微粒时 ,微乳液的水池半径和镍 /铁比对微粒组成和粒径的影响 ,结果表明 :水池半径不同 ,不但微粒的粒径不同 ,而且微粒的组成也有差异。同时表明 ,微粒为明胶包裹的球形超细微粒。微球的平均粒径为 4 8～ 136nm ,单个微粒的粒径 2 3～ 3 4nm ,每个复合微球中约有2 1～ 4 0个铁 镍粒子 ,X 射线衍射和X 射线能谱分析表明 ,主要成分为NiFe2 O4 和FeNi3。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Photochromic Imidazolone Azopolycyanurates

Abstract

Photochromic imidazolone azopolycyanurates containing mercury dithizonate moiety have been prepared by interfacial polycondensation technique. All the azopolycyanurates have been characterized by their IR spectra, viscosity, molecular weight by GPC and thermogravimetry. The film of PMMA blended with photochromic imidazolone azopolycyanurate shows a very good photochromic effect on exposure to sunlight and regains its original colour on removal of sunlight. The change of return to the original colour have been measured using Beckman DK-2A Ratio Recording Spectrophotometer.