超滤法分离提取鸡胸软骨中硫酸软骨素和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白

研究了超滤法分离提取鸡胸软骨中硫酸软骨素和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的工艺.确定超滤工艺为:鸡胸软骨水解液用截留分子量为10 kDa的超滤膜,在0.3 MPa、10℃截留得到硫酸软骨素,收率达97.1%;超滤透过液用截留分子量为3kDa的超滤膜,在0.6 MPa、10℃脱盐浓缩,得到Ⅱ型胶原蛋白,收率迭95.1%.     

白沙参多糖与真鱿多糖的对比研究

采用蛋白酶水解白沙参与真鱿软骨,从组织中释放出多糖糖链,乙醇沉淀去除蛋白质,得到白沙参多糖与真鱿多糖,检测两种多糖中硫酸软骨素的二糖组分、多糖分子量及其抗凝活性。结果表明,白沙参多糖与真鱿多糖中硫酸软骨素均含有硫酸软骨素E二糖单位,在硫酸软骨素中的含量分别为34.8%和31.1%,两种硫酸软骨素分子量分别为105 000和259 000。两种多糖的硫酸化程度高,硫酸基含量分别为13.4%和10.2%。白沙参多糖与真鱿多糖均具有一定的抗凝活性,白沙参多糖的抗凝活性更高。     

胰蛋白酶提取硫酸软骨素单因素优化研究

以鸡胸软骨为原料,采用稀碱-双酶(胰蛋白酶和胃蛋白酶)相结合的方法提取硫酸软骨素。胰蛋白酶主要是使硫酸软骨素长链上的蛋白进一步得到水解破坏,从而提高硫酸软骨素的纯度。研究了胰蛋白酶水解硫酸软骨素的显著影响因素,为工业生产提供理论依据。单因素优化结果显示:pH值8.3,料液比1 000∶0.9,水解温度46℃。该条件下,所得硫酸软骨素的产品产率达到20.61%,纯度为83.66%,质量有较大提高。     

胃蛋白酶提取硫酸软骨素的研究

以鸡胸软骨为原料,采用稀碱-双酶(胰蛋白酶和胃蛋白酶)相结合的方法提取硫酸软骨素。研究了胃蛋白酶水解硫酸软骨素的影响因素,结果显示,胃蛋白酶水解部分pH值为5.9,酶解时间为100 m in,料液比为1 000∶1.1(g/mL),酶解温度为40℃,在此条件下,硫酸软骨素产率达到25.80%,纯度为85.65%,质量有较大提高。     

硫酸软骨素生产工艺的优化

以鸡胸软骨为原料,采用稀碱和酶解相结合的方法提取硫酸软骨素.综合考察各种影响因素,设计了正交实验,得出最佳工艺条件.通过该优化条件,产量可以达到21%,与原来的工艺相比,提高了3%～4%,纯度可以达到80%.     

硫酸软骨素开发前景好

硫酸软骨素系一种天然“酸性粘多糖”，主要从猪、牛等动物的鼻、喉和气管的软骨中提取所得．1958年，我国重庆西南制药厂首先从猪下脚料中成功提取和分离出药用硫酸软骨素产品。但因当时国内市场对硫酸软骨素的需求量较小，故直到90年代初，[第一段]     

鲟鱼骨中硫酸软骨素的提取及测定

建立了以鲟鱼软骨为原料,超声波辅助提取硫酸软骨素的方法,研究了超声时间,碱浓度,料液比对提取的影响,并用高效液相色谱测定。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:超声时间30 min,碱浓度2.0%,料液比1∶8。硫酸软骨素在10.0~1000 mg/L线性良好,检出限为2.0 mg/kg,回收率为92%~101%,RSD为1.07%。该方法操作简便,准确可靠,重复性好,适于鲟鱼软骨中硫酸软骨素的提取和测定。     

硫酸软骨素生产新酶解法工艺

软骨在90～100℃熟化5小时后再酶解,55%酒精浓度沉淀获得高纯度硫酸软骨素(95%以上),收率16.65%。     

禽畜软骨提取硫酸软骨素法

硫酸软骨素是由动物软骨提取的一种酸性牯多糖,主要用于人体内脏器官劳损的治疗制剂和冠心病类的药物,为临床较常用药物,近年来出口见旺而价扬,是乡镇企业、个体加工的好项目,现介绍两种制备方法供生产者参考。一、稀碱胰酶法将软骨除杂洗净至洁白,晾干,粉碎,加入6倍量的由8份食盐与2份2%的氯氧化钠的混合液,再加适量的甲苯,搅拌提取24小时,过滤后的滤渣再用4倍量的上述混合液同上法再搅拌一次。过滤,合并两次滤液,搅拌下用2摩尔/升盐酸调PH=8.崩水浴加热.加入总液量100～120效价的胰酶、在     

硫酸软骨素行业发展现状

综述了硫酸软骨素行业发展概况。分别介绍了硫酸软骨素在国内外的应用现状,青岛贝尔特生物科技有限公司硫酸软骨素产品优势。讨论了目前困扰国内硫酸软骨素行业发展的若干问题及对今后发展的建议。     

鲨鳍软骨粘多糖的提取

引　言鲨鳍软骨是生产鱼翅的副产品 ,来源丰富 ,含有胶原蛋白和粘多糖以及丰富的钙、磷等矿物质 ,其中粘多糖具有多种生理活性功能 ,例如提高机体免疫力、抗凝血、抗病毒、促进伤口愈合等[1,2 ] .由于鲨鳍软骨主要由软骨细胞和含有胶原纤维及大量蛋白多糖的细胞外基质构成 ,具有较强的粘弹性和抗张强度 ,因此 ,充分破坏软骨致密的立体结构 ,获取鲨鳍软骨粘多糖并维持其结构和成分不改变 ,具有相当大的难度 .碱降解提取法是较早采用的方法 ,由于软骨成分复杂 ,具体结构和组成方式尚不清楚 .虽然单纯蛋白多糖的糖肽键对碱的不稳定性已有较深入…     

Efficient production of l-lactic acid from chicken feather protein hydrolysate and sugar beet molasses by the newly isolated Rhizopus oryzae TS-61

The aim of this study was to investigate production of l-lactic acid from molasses and chicken feather protein hydrolysate (CFP) by the newly isolated Rhizopus oryzae TS-61. R. oryzae TS-61 was capable of utilizing molasses sucrose and CFP as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. In contrast to yeast extract and ammonium sulfate, CFP had potential not only to prevent excessive pH changes and foaming but also to provide smaller uniform pellet formation in during fermentation. Thanks to these properties, it was concluded that CFP might have resulted in higher l-lactic acid production than the other two nitrogen sources (yeast extract and ammonium sulfate). At the end of 42-h optimal cultivation period, the highest (38.5 g/L) and lowest (28.8 g/L) concentrations of l-lactic acid were obtained with CFP and ammonium sulfate, respectively. This is the first report on use of waste chicken feather as a lactic acid production substrate. In addition, a new R. oryzae strain, being capable of using molasses sucrose as carbon source in order to produce l-lactic acid, was isolated.     

Study of Different Delivery Modes of Chondroitin Sulfate Using Microspheres and Cryogel Scaffold for Application in Cartilage Tissue Engineering

This study focuses on the development of an efficient delivery modes designed for chondroitin sulfate (CS) for application in cartilage tissue engineering. Novel three-dimensional (3-D) scaffold fabricated from natural polymers such as chitosan and gelatin blended with chondroitin sulfate (CGC) were synthesized using cryogelation technology. Other methods to deliver CS were also tried, which included incorporation into microparticles for sustained release and embedding the CS loaded microparticles in CG (chitosan-gelatin) cryogel scaffold. Novel CGC scaffolds were characterized by rheology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical assay. Scaffolds exhibited compression modulus of 50 KPa confirming the utility of these scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Primary goat chondrocytes were used for the in vitro testing of all the delivery modes. So this study shows that CS microparticles when given freely with matrix (chitosan–gelatin) or embedded into scaffold has potential to enhance chondrocyte proliferation together with improved matrix production than in control without microspheres.     

Polymodal Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) Ion Channels in Chondrogenic Cells

Mature and developing chondrocytes exist in a microenvironment where mechanical load, changes of temperature, osmolarity and acidic pH may influence cellular metabolism. Polymodal Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) receptors are environmental sensors mediating responses through activation of linked intracellular signalling pathways. In chondrogenic high density cultures established from limb buds of chicken and mouse embryos, we identified TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4 and TRPV6 mRNA expression with RT-PCR. In both cultures, a switch in the expression pattern of TRPVs was observed during cartilage formation. The inhibition of TRPVs with the non-selective calcium channel blocker ruthenium red diminished chondrogenesis and caused significant inhibition of proliferation. Incubating cell cultures at 41 °C elevated the expression of TRPV1, and increased cartilage matrix production. When chondrogenic cells were exposed to mechanical load at the time of their differentiation into matrix producing chondrocytes, we detected increased mRNA levels of TRPV3. Our results demonstrate that developing chondrocytes express a full palette of TRPV channels and the switch in the expression pattern suggests differentiation stage-dependent roles of TRPVs during cartilage formation. As TRPV1 and TRPV3 expression was altered by thermal and mechanical stimuli, respectively, these are candidate channels that contribute to the transduction of environmental stimuli in chondrogenic cells.     

The Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway as a Therapeutic Target after Cartilage Trauma: Modification of Chondrocyte Survival and Metabolism by Glucosamine Derivatives and PUGNAc in an Ex Vivo Model

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is essential for the production of uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), the building block of glycosaminoglycans, thus playing a crucial role in cartilage anabolism. Although O-GlcNAcylation represents a protective regulatory mechanism in cellular processes, it has been associated with degenerative diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). The present study focuses on HBP-related processes as potential therapeutic targets after cartilage trauma. Human cartilage explants were traumatized and treated with GlcNAc or glucosamine sulfate (GS); PUGNAc, an inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase; or azaserine (AZA), an inhibitor of GFAT-1. After 7 days, cell viability and gene expression analysis of anabolic and catabolic markers, as well as HBP-related enzymes, were performed. Moreover, expression of catabolic enzymes and type II collagen (COL2) biosynthesis were determined. Proteoglycan content was assessed after 14 days. Cartilage trauma led to a dysbalanced expression of different HBP-related enzymes, comparable to the situation in highly degenerated tissue. While GlcNAc and PUGNAc resulted in significant cell protection after trauma, only PUGNAc increased COL2 biosynthesis. Moreover, PUGNAc and both glucosamine derivatives had anti-catabolic effects. In contrast, AZA increased catabolic processes. Overall, “fueling” the HBP by means of glucosamine derivatives or inhibition of deglycosylation turned out as cells and chondroprotectives after cartilage trauma.     

Self‐driven graft polymerization of vinyl monomers on poultry chicken feathers in the absence of initiator/catalyst

An efficient and simple method for graft copolymerization of powdered chicken feather (CF) with vinyl monomers without any free radical initiator is reported. Various vinyl monomers such as glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), styrene (S), and methyl methacrylate (MMA); (20–60 wt % with respect to CF) were successfully grafted to chicken feather (CF) by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 0.086–0.5 mmol) in the absence of any catalyst or initiator. Most likely, the hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, and complex forming properties of chicken feather keratin with surfactant molecules were responsible for efficient grafting of polymers on CF surface. The effect of polymerization conditions, such as monomer concentration, temperature, and time of reaction, on the grafting parameters such as monomer conversion, grafting efficiency, and molar grafting ratio were studied. The described method showed a good potential of using low cost, easily accessible poultry chicken feathers as grafting material and self catalyzing agent for graft copolymerization with vinyl monomers to produce low cost commodity plastic for various end uses. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44645.