杀虫杀螨剂研究开发的新进展

概述了1998年以来国内外杀虫杀螨剂开发的新进展。介绍了甲氧基丙烯酸酯类、季酮酸类(tetronic acid)、拟除虫菊酯类、苯甲酰脲类、双酰肼类、新烟碱类、吡唑类、嘧啶类等9类杀虫杀螨剂共30多个品种。并对其生物活性做了简要介绍。     

杀虫杀螨活性的吡唑类化合物

吡唑类衍生物是一类具有良好杀虫杀螨活性的化合物.本文概述了近十年文献报道最多的儿类吡唑类杀虫杀螨剂的活性以及它们结构特点.研究表明,吡唑类化合物具有广泛生物活性,作为杀虫剂、杀螨剂研究开发很有发展前景.     

螺环季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂的研究与开发(Ⅱ)

螺螨酯、螺甲螨酯和螺虫乙酯是迄今成功上市的螺环季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂。综述了此类杀虫杀螨剂的发现过程、合成方法及专利概况,总结了其产品登记、市场开发与应用情况及其抗性研究进展。     

季酮酸类杀虫、杀螨剂的研究进展

简要叙述了季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂的创制经纬及研究进展.根据季酮酸的骨架结构变化将季酮酸类化合物分为五元环酮-烯醇衍生物、六元环酮-烯醇衍生物2大类,其中五元环酮-烯醇类季酮酸衍生物又分为呋喃-2-酮、吡咯-2-酮、噻吩-2-酮、环戊-2-烯酮4个小类,介绍了以上类别的结构与生物活性.     

螺环季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂的研究与开发(Ⅰ)

螺螨酯、螺甲螨酯和螺虫乙酯是迄今成功上市的螺环季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂。综述了此类杀虫杀螨剂的发现过程、合成方法及专利概况,总结了其产品登记、市场开发与应用情况及其抗性研究进展。     

2000年后杀虫杀螨剂研发进展

简单介绍了2000年后开发的15个类39个杀虫剂或杀螨剂,其中6个是国内创制的品种。分析了杀虫杀螨剂研发的六大特点,为新农药的研发和应用提供参考。     

季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂品种及其合成方法

介绍了季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂的开发进展以及这类化合物的作用机理和合成方法,特别是新杀虫剂螺虫乙酯,高效而新颖,必将在作物有害生物治理中发挥重要作用,具有良好的发展前景。     

季酮酸中间体化合物的合成方法改进

季酮酸片段是螺环季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂的重要的中间体。在现有工艺基础上,采用正丁基锂作为酯交换和环合的碱性试剂,一步制备该中间体,提高了该中间体收率,缩短反应时间,操作更加方便。本工艺适合产业化生产螺环季酮酸类杀虫杀螨剂中间体片段。     

吡唑类农药概述

吡唑类农药广泛用作杀虫杀螨剂、除草剂和杀菌剂等多个领域。从吡唑类农药的结构及其生物活性角度出发,综述了吡唑类上市农药品种。     

杀虫杀螨剂氟蚜螨的合成研究

杀虫杀螨剂氟蚜螨的合成研究刘长令（沈阳化工研究院１１００２１）一、前言氟蚜螨不仅对现有杀虫杀螨剂已产生抗性的螨类有高的活性，而且对柑桔、苹果等具有着色美观之作用。是果树、棉田红蜘蛛等螨类的“克星”，综述其药效结果具有以下特点：１．高效，无论对柑桔红蜘...     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。