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膜生物反应器中膜的污染与清洗 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
通过不同清洗方法对膜通量恢复效果的评价以及对污染膜和各步清洗后对膜表面和断面形貌的观察,对膜生物反应器工艺中的膜污染特征和膜污染进行了研究。结果表明,清水冲洗能消除纤维膜之间淤积的污泥和膜表面松散的污染层,次氯酸钠可以清除膜表面的微生物和有机污染物,而硫酸和柠檬酸能清除膜上的无机物垢。在膜外表面的污染物主要为生物膜和凝胶层污染,而膜内表面的污染物主要为滋生的微生物和无机污染物。对应各步清洗后膜通量的恢复,可以推出,在试验的工艺条件下,无机物污染对膜过滤阻力的影响较大。在此基础上.为延缓膜污染对膜生物反应器提出三点建议. 相似文献
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降低膜生物反应器中膜污染的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
根据膜生物反应器中膜污染的几种类型,分析了膜污染形成的原因,介绍了几种描述膜污染的数学模型。从膜本身性质、料液性质到操作过程等总结了几种防止或降低膜污染的方法,提出了曝气生物滤池与膜过滤组合降低膜污染的工艺。 相似文献
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The influence of flow velocity and particle size on the deposition of suspended alumina particles onto heat transfer surfaces was measured with two fouling probes, namely, a heated cylindrical rod in an annulus and a coiled wire in crossflow. Additionally, the response of the fouled probes to such changes as may occur in operating heat exchangers was investigated. The measured influence of flow velocity, wall temperature, bulk temperature, heat flux, particle concentration and particle size on the fouling behaviour as described in this paper and in a companion paper is compared to the predictions of several fouling models from the literature, and recommendations are made for further improvement of these models. 相似文献
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本文以膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺处理炼油废水为实例,分析了MBR膜污堵的几种现象和成因,对膜污堵清洗的方法及效果进行了研究总结。研究表明:通过针对性离线清洗,膜比通量平均可达到90%的水平,从而确保了MBR装置的长周期运行。 相似文献
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MBR膜的污染及其清洗技术研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
针对环境污染控制中广泛应用的膜生物反应器(MBR),阐述了其污染的主要来源和影响因素,重点介绍了膜清洗的几种方法及发展状况,并提出了膜清洗技术的发展方向。 相似文献
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以膜生物反应器(membrane bioreactor,MBR)受高盐度废水冲击前后的活性污泥为研究对象,考察了助滤剂(硅藻土)投加对于MBR污染物去除及膜污染减缓的影响。实验结果表明投加硅藻土对高盐废水冲击后的MBR性能恢复效果显著。与对照反应器相比,投加60 mg·L-1硅藻土可提高系统对传统污染物的去除效率,COD、NH4+-N及TP去除效率分别提高了4.9%、3.2%及74.5%;高盐度废水冲击显著增加了对照反应器的膜污染速率,其膜污染速率是投加硅藻土MBR的4倍。硅藻土具有的吸附性能及絮凝能力显著降低了MBR本体溶液中的溶解性微生物代谢产物含量,减小了膜污染速率。进一步研究发现,投加硅藻土增加了平均絮体粒径(mean particles sizes, dp)及相对疏水性(related hydrophobic, RH),有利于减缓膜污染。 相似文献
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Extraction and analysis of extracellular polymeric substances in membrane fouling in submerged MBR 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The extraction and analysis of EPS in active biomass and membrane fouling were performed to investigate the influence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on membrane fouling of MBR. The new membrane and fouling membrane surface morphology was characterized by EDX analysis. The results show that membrane contaminant is mainly composed of organic compounds. EPS in active biomass and membrane pollutant were extracted by method of alkaline regular centrifugation. Most of EPS were found to have high molecular weight over 12,000 D, which is very difficult to degrade. The total EPS contents in the extracted solution and the contents of polysaccharide protein and DNA in EPS were respectively analysed with TOC analysis and by phenol-sulfuric acid method, modification of the Bradford method and the fluorometric method. The analytical results indicate that the content of EPS in membrane fouling is about four times as much as that in active biomass, and polysaccharide is the most important pollutant on membrane, as well as protein’s role in membrane fouling is not negligible, whereas the DNA is not important in membrane fouling because of its content (non-dialysis) in membrane contaminant being less than that in the active biomass. In addition, the results in electrophoresis experiment provide the information about the concentrated distribution of molecular weight of large fragment DNA in both membrane contaminant and the biomass. 相似文献
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胞外聚合物对膜污染的影响及对策 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
膜生物反应器(MBR)中膜污染问题直接影响了工艺的稳定性和经济性。通过分析膜污染机理发现,胞外聚合物(EPS)在膜污染中起重要作用。从EPS的性质、组成及影响因素等方面进行了归纳总结,并对膜污染控制提出了相应的对策。 相似文献
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膜生物反应器(MBR)在污水处理领域的应用日益广泛,填料的投加对MBR污水处理效率和膜污染进程有一定的影响。本文分别向MBR中投加不同量的软性和硬性悬浮填料,研究了悬浮填料对MBR运行效率及膜污染的影响。结果表明,投加填料后MBR对COD、氨氮和总磷等污染物的处理效率有所提高,明显减缓了膜污染的进程。软性填料对MBR的改善效果优于硬性填料,投加20%的软性填料时,系统对COD、氨氮和总磷的去除率分别可达96.53%、98.21%和52.75%,系统运行30天时的膜污染情况比未投加填料的系统减缓了41.43%。通过对比发现软性填料能够为微生物提供更大的生存空间,提高反应器内的微生物量,从而提高MBR对污水的处理效率同时改善膜污染,是一种加强MBR系统的适宜填料,最佳投加量为反应器有效体积的20%。 相似文献