Joining of SiCp/Al composites by insert powder layers

Mixed Al-Si, Al-Si-SiC and Al-Si-W powders were employed as insert layers to reactive diffusion bond SiCp/6063 MMC. The results show that SiCp/6063 MMC joints bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al-Si powder have a dense joining layer with a typical hypoeutectic microstructure. Using mixed Al-Si-SiC powder as insert layer, SiCp/6063 MMC can be reactive diffusion bonded by a composite joint. Because of the SiC segregations, however, there are a number of porous zones in the joining layer, which results in the low shear strength of the joints, even lower than that of joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of mixed Al-Si powder. The W added into the insert layer of Al-Si-W nearly all reacts with Al to form intermetallic WAl12 during bonding. The reaction between the W and Al facilitates to form a dense joint of high quality, and the formed interrnetallic WAl12 has a reinforcing effect on the joints, which lead to the high shear strength of the joints. In general, under the condition of fixed bonding time （temperature）, the shear strengths of the joints increase as the bonding temperature （time） increases, but tend to a maximum at bonding temperature of 600℃ （time 90 min）.     

SiCp增强Al基复合材料的真空扩散焊接

采用真空扩散焊接方法研究了同质及异质ＳｉＣｐ增强Ａｌ基复合材料的连接特性,考察了ＳｉＣｐ体积分数变化及插入中间合金层对同质及异质Ａｌ合金基复合材料真空扩散焊接质量及接头性能的影响。研究结果表明,无论同质还是异质Ａｌ合金基复合材料,真空扩散焊接头的强度均随ＳｉＣｐ体积分数的增加而降低;获得满意的异质ＳｉＣｐ增强Ａｌ合金基复合材料的真空扩散焊连接远比同质材料时困难。研究结果还表明,无论同质还是异质Ａｌ     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的瞬间液相连接

铝基复合材料采用Cu箔、Ni箔和Cu/Ni/Cu多层箔作中间层进行瞬间液相连接。研究了保温时间和压力对铝基复合材料接头组织和性能的影响。研究发现，加压能有效改善铝基复合材料接头组织和性能；采用Cu/Ni/Cu多层箔作中间层时铝基复合材料接头强度最高，达189.6MPa，约为母材强度的84.6%。     

以铜和Cu-Ti作为中间层的TiAl/GH3536扩散焊

采用铜箔和Cu-Ti合金作为中间层进行了TiAl和GH3536的扩散焊试验.以铜箔作为中间层在935℃/10 MPa/1 h参数下获得的焊缝组织以Ti（Cu,Al）2,AlCu2Ti和AlNi2Ti相为主,焊缝中存在裂纹.接头室温平均抗剪强度仅有31 MPa.以Cu-Ti合金作为中间层在935℃下采用三种不同参数进行了TiAl和GH3536的液相扩散焊试验.当加压3 MPa,保温10 min时,扩散焊缝中央还存在着宽度约5μm的残留相.保温时间延长至1 h,焊缝形成了较为均匀的分层组织,获得的接头室温抗剪强度最高,达180 MPa.增大压力至20 MPa,保温2 h获得的接头中出现AlNi2Ti相,接头平均室温抗剪强度下降至90 MPa.     

Investigation on microstructure and mechanical properties of diffusion bonded Al/Mg2Si metal matrix composite using copper interlayer

Diffusion bonding of Al/Mg₂Si metal matrix composite (MMC) using Cu interlayer at optimal bonding temperature of 540 °C for various bonding durations was investigated. This metal matrix composite (MMC) containing 15% Mg₂Si particles was produced by in situ technique. Specific diffusion bonding process was introduced as a low vacuum technique. The composition and microstructure of the joined areas were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Microhardness and shear tests were conducted to the samples to evaluate the effect of bonding duration on weldability. Several different diffusion layers exist at the bond region depending on the bonding duration. The shear strength of joints increased with bonding duration due to elimination of CuAl₂ brittle diffusion layer.     

Activity measurements of Al and Cu in Si–Al–Cu melt at 1273 and 1373 K by the equilibration with molten Pb

For the effective control of Al introduction to solidified Si during the solidification refining of Si with the Si–Al-based melt for the solar cell material or the LPE Si film growth processes from the Si–Cu–Al solvent, thermodynamic properties of the Si–Al–Cu melt were investigated at 1273 and 1373 K. Activities of Al and Cu in the Si–Al–Cu melt were measured by the equilibration with molten Pb. Also, the excess Gibbs energy of the melt was studied by the ternary regular solution model.

The evaluated thermodynamic properties of the Si–Al–Cu melt indicated that Cu addition to the Si–Al melt brings the smaller activity coefficient of Al and is effective for reducing the Al content of solidified Si from the melt more effectively than its dilution effect for Al.     

Transient liquid phase bonding of TiC particulate reinforced magnesium metal matrix composite （ TiCp/AZ91 D）

Microstructures and mechanical properties of transient liquid phase （TLP） bonded magnesium metal matrix composite （ MMC） joints using copper interlayer have been investigated. With an increase of bonding times from 5 min to 50 min at bonding temperature of 510 ℃ , the average concentration of copper in the bonded zone decreased, the microstructure in the zone changed from Cu, α-Mg and CuMg2 to α-Mg, CuMg2 and TiC, and mechanical properties of the joint increased. The shear strength of the joint bonded at 510 ℃ for 50 min reached 64 MPa due to the metallurgical bonding of the joint and improving its homogeneity of composition and microstructure. It is favorable to increase the bonding time for improving mechanical properties of TLP bonded magnesium MMC joint.     

GH99合金液相扩散连接界面组织分析

采用自制Ni-Cr-Si-B系列中间层对GH99镍基高温合金进行了液相扩散连接（TLP）,借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDS）等分析手段研究了焊接工艺参数以及中间层成分变化对接头界面组织的影响.结果表明,随着等温时间和焊接温度的增加,析出化合物的数量减少,接头组织更加均匀.接头中化合物的析出主要与降熔组元的扩散有关,中间层中B元素作为降熔组元,其含量的多少直接影响着接头化合物的形成数量;而Si元素由于在母材中的固溶度较高,其化合物在焊接过程中不易析出.     

Large gap joining of Ti–6Al–4V alloy with mixed powder interlayers

Abstract

Titanium based brazing alloys containing chromium, iron, copper, and nickel as β stabilisers have been studied for joining the titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V. Two of these alloys were selected for use in producing large gap joints. The first brazing alloy, Ti–12Zr–14Cr–12Cu–12Ni (type 1), can be used to braze Ti–6Al–4V below its β transus temperature. Joints of thickness up to 150 μm can be made in a normal brazing cycle without prolonged holding. The interlayer consists of a β titanium alloy with no precipitation of intermetallic compounds. The second brazing alloy, Ti–12Zr–14Cr–6Fe–5Cu–5Ni (type 2), has to be brazed above the β transus temperature of Ti–6Al–4V. Its powders were mixed with pure titanium and Ti–6Al–4V powders and the mixture was used as the joining interlayer. Interlayers 5 mm in thickness were used to produce joints for microstructural examination and mechanical testing. It was found that residual pores in the interlayers were related to the amount of the brazing alloy in the interlayer. A fully dense interlayer could be obtained with 60 wt-% brazing alloy in the interlayer. The as bonded joints revealed tensile strength equal to 50% of that of the base metal. Diffusional treatment of the joints improved the joint efficiency to about 70%, compared with the base metal.     

Processing and mechanical properties of multiphase composites based on Mo–Si–Al–C system

Mo–Si–Al–C-based multiphase compounds and their composites reinforced by micro-SiC and TiC particulates were manufactured by means of reactive hot-pressed sintering method. Their microstructure and room temperature mechanical properties were studied. The results showed that Al addition and the ratio of Si/Al exerted a remarkable effect on the reaction products in the Mo–Si–Al–C systems. For the stoichiometric Mo₅(Si,Al)₃C mixed powders with a molar ratio of Mo:Si:Al:C as 5:1.5:1.5:1, the sintered body contained Mo₃Si, Mo₃Al₂C, and Mo₅Si₃C as the major reaction products whereas and the minor phases consisted of MoSi₂, Mo₂C, and Mo(Si,Al)₂ compounds. When the starting powder mixture was off-stoichiometric with a small amount of excess Si, only Mo₂C accounted for the minor product. Moreover, the relative contents of the former three major phases were affected by the changed Si/Al ratio, where the amounts of Mo₃Al₂C and Mo₅Si₃C compounds decreased and increased, respectively with increasing Si/Al ratio. The two multiphase alloys showed poor mechanical properties, due to the existence of residual porosity. In contrast, the composites exhibited superiority in both flexural strength and fracture toughness at room temperature to the Mo–Si–Al–C-based multiphase compounds. MSAC1/20 wt.%SiC and MSAC1/20 wt.%TiC composites had a respective flexural strength and fracture toughness of 454 and 438 MPa, 4.93 and 4.85 MPa.     

连接工艺参数对镍基高温合金TLP连接接头组织和性能的影响(英文)

以BNi-2为中间层对镍基合金进行过渡液相连接,研究连接工艺参数对接头组织和力学性能的影响。随着连接温度的升高或连接时间的延长,沉淀区的富镍和富铬硼化物数量减少,同时沉淀区晶粒尺寸减小。较高的连接温度或较长的连接时间,有利于降熔元素(B和Si)由沉淀区向母材中的扩散和母材与连接接头间的原子互扩散。当连接温度为1170℃、连接时间为24h时,可以获得与母材化学成分及组织基本相当的连接接头。剪切试验结果表明:室温和高温拉剪强度均随着保温时间的延长而增加,但连接时间对高温拉剪强度的影响要大于对室温拉剪强度。     

用中间层为非活性金属FeNi/Cu的Si3N4陶瓷与Ni的扩散连接

采用非活性金属中间层FeNi/Cu在高、低真空条件下进行了Si3N4陶瓷与Ni的扩散连接,然后对部分接头进行了热等静压（HIP）后处理,测定了连接接头的四点弯曲强度,用扫描电镜（SEM）、电子探针（EPMA0和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对连接界界面区域进行了分析。结果表明,采用非活性金属中间扩散连接Si3N4陶瓷与Ni,在高真空和低真空条件下均能获得高强度连接,连接界面处没有形成Ni-Si化合物反应层,连接时间对接头强度的影响不明显。上述特征与用活性多种中间层连接时的情况截然不同。本文的连接方法有着重要的工程应用前景。     

Effect of Bonding Temperature on the Microstructures and Strengths of C/C Composite/GH3044 Alloy Joints by Partial Transient Liquid-Phase（PTLP） Bonding with Multiple Interlayers

With the use of Ti/Ni/Cu/Ni multiple foils as interlayer,carbon/carbon(C/C) composite was bonded to Nibased superalloy GH3044 by partial transient liquid-phase bonding technique.The effect of bonding temperature on the microstructures and strengths of the joints was investigated.The results showed that gradient structural multiple interlayers composed of ‘‘C–Ti reaction layer/Ti–Ni intermetallic compound layer/Ni–Cu sosoloid/residual Cu layer/Ni-GH3044 diffusion layer' were formed between C/C composite and GH3044.The shear strength of the C/C composite/GH3044 joint reached the highest value of 26.1 MPa when the bonding temperature was 1,030 °C.In addition,the fracture morphology showed that the fracture mode changed with the increase of bonding temperature.     

Study of diffusion bonding of Ti-6Al-4V and ZQSn10-10 with metal interlayer

The diffusion bonding was carried out to join Ti alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and tin-bronze (ZQSn10-10) with Ni and Ni Cu interlayer. The microstructures of the diffusion bonded joints were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that when the interlayer is Ni or Ni Cu transition metals both could effectively prevent the diffusion between Ti and Cu and avoid the formation of the Cu-Ti intermetallic compounds (Cu3Ti, CuTi etc.). But the Ni-Ti intermetallic compounds (NiTi, Ni3Ti) are formed on the Ti-6Al-4V/Ni interface. When the interlayer is Ni, the optimum bonding parameters are 830℃/10 MPa/30min. And when the interlayer is Ni Cu, the optimum bonding parameters are 850℃/10MPa/20min. With the optimum bonding parameters, the tensile strength of the joints with Ni and Ni Cu interlayer both are 155.8MPa, which is 65 percent of the strength of ZQSn10-10 base metal.     

Effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of tungsten/ferritic steel joints diffusion bonded with a nickel interlayer

A diffusion bonding process, for joining of tungsten to ferritic steel using nickel as an interlayer, was developed for nuclear component application. The effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and tensile strength of the joint was investigated in this work. Metallographic analysis revealed that a good bonding was obtained at both the tungsten/nickel and nickel/steel interfaces, and the diffusion products were identified in the diffusion zone. Nano-indentation test across the joining interfaces demonstrated the effect of solid solution hardening in the diffusion zone. Tensile test showed that the maximum average tensile strength of ∼200 MPa was obtained for the joint diffusion bonded at 900 °C. The results were discussed in terms of the joining temperature and of the residual stress generated during joining process.     

Influence of diffusion bonding conditions on bonding strength of damping copper alloy to stainless steel

The experimental investigation of different tran sition metals was carried out in the diffusion bonding joints of Cu alloys (CuAlBe) to stainless stee l (1Cr18Ni9Ti). The microstructure of the joint was analyzed with microscopic examination, SEM, EPMA and X-ray diffraction. Following conclusions have been draw n: (1) The joint strength with the Ni interlayer was higher than that with Cu in terlayer when the welding parameters were same;(2)When Ni interlayer was thinner ,Al could interact with Ni and Fe,and the intermetallic compounds,such as Fe3A letc,were formed in the interface,which decreased the strength of the joints;(3 ) When the bonding temperature was higher,because of the diffusion of Cu in Ni being faster than Ni in Cu,a Kirkendall effect was produced,which also decreased the strength of the joints.     

Formation process, microstructure and mechanical property of transient liquid phase bonded aluminium-based metal matrix composite joint

1　INTRODUCTIONThealuminium basedmetalmatrixcomposites(MMCs)areadvancedmaterialsthathavesuperiorproperties ,especiallyincreasedstiffness ,highstrength ,goodwearresistanceandsuperiorelevatedtemperatureproperties .Theyhavereceivedconsider ableattentionascandidatesforadvancedindustrialapplications[1,2 ] .But ,theirapplicationshavebeenseverelyrestrictedbythelackofasuitablejoiningmethod[3] .AlthougthfusionweldingmethodscanbeusedtojointheMMCs ,themethodsnormallytendtoresultinunfavourablejoint…     

AgCuTi-Al钎焊C_f/SiC与TC4接头分析

采用AgCuTi-Al混合粉末作为中间层,在适当的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料和钛合金,利用扫描电镜,能谱仪和X射线衍射对接头的微观组织结构进行分析,利用剪切试验测定接头的力学性能.结果表明,在钎焊过程中,钎料中的钛与Cf/SiC复合材料中的基体SiC,碳纤维发生反应,在Cf/SiC复合材料侧形成了TiC,T...     

SiC/TiAl扩散连接接头的界面结构及连接强度

对常压烧结的ＳｉＣ陶瓷与ＴｉＡｌ金属间化合物进行了真空扩散连接。采用扫描电镜、电子和Ｘ射线衍射分析等确定了反应产物的种类和接头的界面结构,并用拉剪试验评价了接头的连接强度。研究结果表明：ＳｉＣ与ＴｉＡｌ扩散连接中生成了ＴｉＡｌ２、ＴｉＣ和Ｔ５Ｓｉ３Ｃｘ三种上,接头的界面结构为ＳｉＣ／ＴｉＣ／（ＴｉＣ＋Ｔｉ５Ｓｉ３Ｃｘ）／ＴｉＡｌ。在１５７３Ｋ和１．８ｋｓ的连接条件下,接头室温剪强度达到２４０ＭＰａ     

SiC陶瓷与TC4钛合金反应钎焊的研究

采用Ｃｕ箔对常压烧结的ＳｉＣ陶瓷与ＴＣ４钛合金进行了接触反应钎焊,并对接头的微观组织,形成机理和室温强度进行了研究。结果表明,利用Ｃｕ箔可以在低于其熔点的温度实现ＳｉＣ与ＴＣ４钛合金的连接。接头界面具有明显的层状结构,即由Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ合金层,Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ合金层和富Ｔｉ的Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ－Ａｌ合金层组成。在１２７３Ｋ的条件下连续５ｍｉｎ,接头室温关照切达到１８６ＭＰａ。