男短袜袜口压力与位移的动态有限元研究

动态服装压是研究服装压力舒适性以及服装优化设计的关键.以男短袜袜口为研究对象,将动态压力分为2个部分,分别为随时间变化的压力以及人体在行走过程中的压力.其中随时间变化的压力设定了12 h的时长,通过测量不同时间段穿着短袜后的袜口压力,运用有限元软件进行模拟分析,探讨了袜口处压力及位移随时间的变化趋势.将人体的行走过程划...     

短袜袜口压力舒适性研究

选择10名青年男性作为受试者,进行短袜袜口压力舒适性研究.试验包括3项,即相同规格、不同原料袜子的袜口压力值测试:不同袜口尺寸袜子的袜口压力值测试;袜口压迫感主观评定试验.对试验结果进行分析表明:袜口尺寸相同的条件下,袜口压力值与人体腿围尺寸存在明显正相关关系;袜口压力值根据测量时间点的不同而变化,在穿着4 h内测得的袜口压力值随穿着时间的延长而减小;袜口原料相同时,袜口宽尺寸对袜口压力有明显的影响,袜口尺寸越小,对腿部的压力越大;袜口压迫感主观评分值与袜口压力值之间存在较密切的正相关关系.     

医疗袜及腿部三维接触压力有限元数值模拟

借助有限元软件仿真模拟医疗袜穿着到腿部的动态过程,并三维虚拟展示医疗袜应力分布和腿部接触压力分布。将医疗袜由脚踝到大腿部位分为4段,分别测试与计算各段织物的弹性模量和泊松比,建立医疗袜材料模型。通过CT扫描获取人体穿着医疗袜后的腿部形态尺寸,建立腿部几何模型。假设腿部为刚性体,医疗袜为线性弹性体,建立医疗袜与腿部接触有限元模型,进行数值模拟,并测试人体穿着医疗袜后的接触压力。结果表明,数值模拟压力值与实测压力值拟合的相关系数为0.80～1.00,模型有效。     

松式袜口弹力棉袜的开发

采用开松袜口线圈和提高橡筋纱、氨纶包覆纱输入速度的方法,开发出松式袜口弹力棉袜。通过开发样与对比样的工艺参数对比可知,该棉袜在保证穿着过程中不下滑的同时,增加了袜口的延伸度和弹性回复率,减轻了袜口与腿部接触的服装压力,提高了穿着舒适性。结果表明,松式袜口棉袜的功能性远远优于传统紧口袜,尤其适合于儿童、老人和需要长期站立的工作人员。     

基于三维扫描的医疗袜压力分布预测模型研究

基于三维人体扫描获取的人体表面点云数据和拉普拉斯方程,建立医疗袜与腿部接触的服装压分布理论预测模型。选择常用的Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级医疗压力袜以及3名在校大学生进行试穿,按照建立的理论模型计算压力袜和腿部接触的压力分布,并采用AMI3037型接触式气囊压力测量系统测试受试者穿着医疗袜时的实际接触压力,验证预测模型的实用性。结果表明,理论值和实测值基本一致,在一定程度上表明基于非接触式三维人体扫描的医疗袜压力分布预测方法可行。     

Study on standard curve of lower leg cross section at top of men's socks

袜口处标准腿截面曲线形态是研究袜口压力舒适性的前提和基础,也是袜口优化设计的关键.通过三维人体扫描仪对人体内侧脚踝点水平向上6 cm处腿部形态进行扫描,应用MatLab软件,将腿截面曲线按照直角坐标系每5°为1个点等分为72个点,并在此基础上定义点坐标值,将得到的所有腿截面曲线X和Y分别取平均值,得到袜口处标准腿截面曲线72个点坐标.运用SPSS曲线拟合得到袜口处腿截面曲线的二次方程,曲线方程的建立为袜口处压力数学模型的构建提供了基础数据.对袜口处标准腿截面曲线周长进行了求解,结论为男短袜原始袜口围度的改良设计以及袜口面料弹性伸长率的选取提供了理论参考.     

袜口约束失效过程中对应腿部受压的研究

文章选用40种不同规格短袜作为实验原料,然后挑选20位测试者进行穿着,在穿着的袜子上选择4个不同位置,利用A-0505型接触压计进行对应腿部所受压强的测试,通过对测试数据进行系统分析。结果表明:袜子出现袜口约束失效的过程中,具有双层结构、口长较小和袜筒上口宽与口宽的差值比较大的袜子,在袜口处对应腿部所受到的压力更大,更容易感到紧绷。袜口约束失效过程中腿部受压情况和袜口结构的特征为:袜子前中处的压强普遍大于2.00kPa,袜口两层之间的结合处存在突出,且口长小于20mm,袜筒上口宽和口宽的差值大于10mm。     

接触状态下男上装基础版型对人体压力分布的有限元模型

为对男上装基础版型与人体接触状态下的压力分布进行仿真与分析,采用三维人体测量技术获取人体和服装的点云数据,通过逆向工程软件建立人体与服装的几何模型,运用有限元软件进行有限元网格划分,建立人体与服装在接触状态下的有限元模型并进行仿真计算。由仿真结果得出基础版型与人体之间的压力及位移的分布状况：肩部中点的压力值为2.012 ～4.134 kPa,胸点与背部点压力值为0 ～ 1.101 kPa,肩颈点与肩点压力值为0 ～2.012 kPa;而实测肩部中点压力值为3.14 ～ 3.20 kPa,胸点压力值为0.73 ～ 0.81 kPa,肩颈点压力值为0.54 ～0.61 kPa,肩点压力值为1.19 ～1.23 kPa,背部点压力值为0.61 ～0.75 kPa;经对比实验验证所建立的有限元模型是合理且有效的。     

短袜袜口穿着压力舒适性的主观评价

为了研究短袜袜口的穿着压力舒适性问题,通过一组穿着实验,利用心理量表对不同原料、不同组织结构、不同编织密度的袜口做了穿着压力舒适性的主观评价,对所得数据进行了相关分析,并分析了袜口主观压力感觉量值与袜口压力值、袜口拉伸力之间的关系。     

男短袜袜口处标准腿截面曲线研究

 袜口处标准腿截面曲线形态是研究袜口压力舒适性的前提和基础,也是袜口优化设计的关键。文章通过三维人体扫描仪对人体内侧脚踝点水平向上6cm处腿部形态进行扫描,应用Matlab软件将腿截面曲线按照直角坐标系每5°为一点等分为72个点,并在此基础上定义点坐标值,将所得的所有腿截面曲线 和 分别取平均值,得到袜口处标准腿截面曲线72点坐标。运用SPSS曲线拟合得到袜口处腿截面曲线的二次方程,曲线方程的建立为袜口处压力数学模型的构建提供了基础数据。文章还对袜口处标准腿截面曲线周长进行了求解,这一结论为男短袜原始袜口围度的改良设计以及袜口面料弹性伸长率的选取提供了理论参考。     

Dynamic simulation on the area shrinkage of lower leg for the top part of men’s socks using finite element method

Socks are one of the most important clothes in people’s daily life. This study aimed at the problems existing in the wearing of socks, took the top part of men’s socks as research object, and the contact between human body and socks as elastic contact. The position and shape of skin, soft tissue, and bones in lower leg cross section were acquired through non-contact three-dimensional human scanning and CT scan. Based on these, finite element model of the lower leg cross-section and top part of socks were established for the first time, respectively. Because wearing socks is a continuous process, consequently, we defined the maximum time putting on the sample socks as 12?h in this research work, and then divided the periods of dressing time into six stages, which were instantaneous, 1?h, 2?h, 4?h, 8?h, and 12?h, respectively. After simulating the distribution of pressure and displacement of the top part of socks in dressing using ANSYS software, we divided the lower leg cross section into 12 equal regions according to angle considering the displacement distribution, and then obtained the area shrinkage of each region in six periods of times by calculation. According to the tendency of area shrinkage distribution, the top part of men’s sock could be designed with a different degree of elasticity in diverse regions combined with subjective pressure comfort during the course of sock design. All these solutions are of great significance to the optimization design of socks and can provide theoretical basis for the structural improvement of functional socks and the prediction of clothing pressure.     

Finite element simulation of pressure,displacement, and area shrinkage mass of lower leg with time for the top part of men’s socks

This paper reports a study of pressure, displacement, and area shrinkage mass distribution with time between the human body and compression garment using finite element method according to ergonomics. After creating the function between pressure/displacement ratios and angle, it indicated that multiple relationship between pressure and displacement almost unaffected by wearing time. The corresponding displacement value can be calculated on the premise of the known pressure value at any point and any time during the wearing process by functional equation. Considering displacement distribution, we divided the lower leg into 12 equal regions according to angle, and then calculated area shrinkage mass of each region. According to area shrinkage mass distribution, the top part of men’s sock could be designed with different degree of tightness combined with subjective pressure comfort. All these solutions supplied a theoretical reference for optimal design of the top part of men’s sock.     

Dynamic analysis on the functional relationship of pressure,displacement and angle for the top part of men's socks using FEM

The inward displacement perpendicular to the body surface produced by external pressure is an important index to evaluate the pressure comfort and optimal design of apparel products. In this paper, we studied on the functional relationship of pressure, displacement and angle when the body was in dynamic state after dressing. The dynamic pressure was divided into two parts: pressure with time (instantaneous, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12?h) and pressure with movement (walking which described as upright position, leg lift 10°, leg lift 30° and foot backward off the ground). The displacement of each point on the lower leg cross section in four stages of walking process and six periods of time were simulated by ANSYS finite element software. After fitting, the functional curves between pressure/displacement ratio and the angle were obtained. By comparing, we found out that all the curves were presented nearly complete uniform curving form no matter what state of the human body was in. That is, when the human body was under clothing pressure, the corresponding displacement value on the body surface can be calculated on the premise of the known pressure value at any point of lower leg cross section during the wearing process by functional equation. All these solutions supplied a theoretical reference for optimal design of the top part of men’s socks.     

基于ABAQUS的运动压力袜编织尺寸预测

为更好地发挥运动压力袜的作用,实现精准施压,使用三维人体扫描仪对人体小腿形态进行扫描,截取脚踝、跟腱与小腿肌转换处、小腿周长最大处以及胫骨初隆处截面曲线;同时运用有限元软件ABAQUS分别建立此 4处截面模型,按照标准值施压,模拟穿着运动压力袜小腿截面的受压状态;分析腿部各截面压力与位移的关系;最后利用运动压力袜编织尺寸的预测模型,设计编织实验样品,进行压力测试分析。结果表明:穿着运动压力袜时,左、右小腿各截面受压状态具有较大差异,但各截面所受压力与产生的位移均呈现一次函数关系;运动压力袜编织尺寸与其压力以及人体腿部截面周长之间,符合二元一次方程关系式;实验样品的压力测试值与标准值的误差均低于5%,证明了此预测模型的有效性。     

基于袜口材料弹性势能预测袜口处平均压强的方法

为了获得袜口处平均压强的预测方法,建立袜口处压强的预测模型,通过分析袜口处压强平均值与袜口材料的弹性势能以及袜口处腿部截面形状的相互关系,从理论上阐述了袜口处压强的产生机理,并利用SPSS软件对以上三者之间的关系进行分析,最后采用非线性回归的方法建立了袜口处压强的预测数学模型。该模型的建立将简化袜口处压强计算的方法,并为精确预测袜口处压强分布提供理论基础。     

Research progress of the brassiere-chest contact simulation based on the finite element mechanical model北大核心CSCD

文胸-胸部有限元力学模型可用于分析服装与人体间接触力学问题,有必要探索二者作用机制。文章从文胸-胸部有限元力学模型的构建过程出发,对文胸和胸部的几何模型构建、材料属性设置、网格划分及接触关系的研究进展进行了总结,并归纳出目前该类模型在压力分布预测、塑形效果预测和位移分布预测方面的应用。最后指出,胸部模型构成及材料属性设置不够完善、文胸模型类别单一和压力分布的探讨多集中于乳房区域是目前研究中的不足。