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针对钻孔局部壁面应力全解除法地应力测量时,需要在钻孔侧壁上钻切出直径为30mm、长度不小于40mm的微型"悬臂梁"状圆柱形岩样的要求,设计了一套钻切微型圆柱状岩样的室内试验平台。分别以单位时间的钻进深度、钻压、钻头转速作为钻进控制模式,研究了在红砂岩、大理岩、花岗岩3种长方体岩块上钻切微型圆柱状岩样的钻进效果,结果表明,以钻头转速作为钻进控制模式比较理想。定量给出了用于钻孔局部壁面应力全解除岩样切割钻进时的钻头转速、钻压、以及马达功率参数的建议选用范围,从而为开发基于钻孔局部壁面应力解除法的侧壁岩样切割工具提供了参考。 相似文献
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为解决竹林山煤业采用的AS系列的掘进机截齿磨损严重、掘进率低问题,从应力分布、截齿碎岩过程分析了掘进机的破岩机理及截齿被磨损原因、损失情况。将原有的AS系列的掘进机更换成截齿具有堆焊技术的EBZ260W掘进机,通过现场工业性实践表明,截齿表面采用堆焊镍基耐磨涂层后,截齿性能优良,掘进速率高。 相似文献
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Numerical Modelling of Flow and Capillary Barrier Effects in Unsaturated Waste Rock Piles 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Abstract Flow systems in unsaturated waste rock piles were simulated using a two-dimensional numerical model (HYDRUS). The conceptual
models are based on homogeneous (unstructured) waste piles, and on structured piles that include either horizontal or inclined
fine-grained layers within a coarser host material, forming a capillary barrier system. The approach considers fully transient
conditions and uses observed climatic data from a mine site in northern Quebec, Canada. All physical properties of the porous
media, including the water retention curves, were obtained from measured data. Different geometric configurations were tested
to determine their effect on moisture distribution and water flow, which ultimately control the potential for acid rock drainage
(ARD). The simulations begin with a relatively dry initial condition under hydrostatic equilibrium. After an initial transient
period, the simulated internal moisture distribution became periodic with a regular pattern of seasonal fluctuations. The
simulations suggest that flow can be controlled in such systems using inclined fine-grained layers that retain and divert
moisture due to capillary barrier effects. With horizontal layers, the local flow regimes become unstable, causing vertical
preferential flow zones to develop below the barriers wherever the local water pressure first exceeds the entry pressure of
the underlying coarser material. In this scenario, ARD production can remain high since a large fraction of the internal pile
is being flushed. A shallow downward slope in the layers forces drainage toward the outer boundary and maintains lower saturation
in the centre of the pile, thus potentially reducing the amount and mobility of ARD.
NSERC Polytechnique/UQAT Industrial Chair: Env and Mine Waste Mgmt 相似文献
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铜山口矿铜原矿伴生钼品位较高,而生产的铜精矿含钼品位低且波动大。因此通过小型试验研究,分析铜精矿含钼品位低的原因,并提出可行的优化指标措施,指导现场生产。 相似文献
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铜山口矿铜原矿伴生钼品位较高,而生产的铜精矿含钼品位低且波动大。因此通过小型试验研究,分析铜精矿含钼品位低的原因,并提出可行的优化指标措施,指导现场生产。 相似文献
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为研究碟盘刀具在轴向振动和径向切削复合破岩过程中应力的分布情况及载荷特性,以单个截楔刀齿作为等效分析对象,采用ABAQUS软件建立截楔刀齿等效模型,模拟刀齿破岩过程,分析不同结构下刀齿的应力云图和载荷曲线。结果表明:齿尖部分所受应力远大于齿体部分,且齿体与齿尖所受应力最大值均与刀齿楔面角度正相关;楔入深度增加,应力分布区域由齿体向齿尖处集中。径向载荷的峰值和均值均与齿尖等效半径正相关,且大于轴向载荷的峰值和均值;轴向向下载荷峰值与等效半径正相关,向上载荷峰值和径向载荷均值则负相关;轴向载荷均值受等效半径影响较小。该研究为新型破岩刀具的设计提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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为研究不同大小尺寸岩石破坏过程中的声发射时空分布和演化规律及其对岩石破坏过程声发射的影响,以某矿山岩石力学参数为依据,利用数值软件对相同高径比、不同大小尺寸的6组岩样进行试验研究。试验表明当岩样尺寸小时,大的声发射事件主要出现在岩样大破裂贯通前后,声发射在岩样中从当初的随机性分布,到过峰值载荷之后大量集聚在岩样中部。试样尺寸较大时,未达到峰值应力前声发射较少出现,且分布弥散,大的声发射事件仅在峰值载荷后出现1次,其能量和数量均是声发射历史上最显著的,在试样中两处聚集成核,这与不同尺寸岩样内部包含不同缺陷强度离散性有密切关系。 相似文献
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The new designs of tools for hard rock mining are presented, as well as the results are cited for the experiments on the laboratory stand constructed in the University of Mining and Metallurgy of Krakov. The tests were conducted by cutting artificial rock samples with the use of standard and new mining facilities. The rotary picks and non-symmetric disc cutters of new structures were applied. 相似文献
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为研究直眼掏槽爆破掏槽孔与辅助孔间延期时间对掏槽爆破效果的影响,通过电子雷管的模型试验对不同延期条件下的槽腔形成过程和特点进行了研究。试验采用高速摄影仪对试块槽腔的形成过程进行观测,并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对槽腔裂纹扩展进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明:① 在本模型试验条件下,延期时间为1~3 ms时掏槽孔与辅助孔之间的爆炸能量相互作用最紧密,并为辅助孔起爆提供了新自由面,降低了辅助孔起爆受到的夹制作用,爆破效果最佳。② 同时起爆时,相邻掏槽孔与辅助孔之间的岩体比掏槽孔包含的槽腔岩体破碎更充分。延期1 ms起爆时,掏槽孔与辅助孔之间的岩石受辅助孔爆炸冲击波作用瞬时移动速度达到最大,辅助孔起爆产生的裂隙范围也最大,掏槽效果最佳。③ 掏槽孔起爆超过1 ms后对槽腔岩体的影响逐渐消失,此时起爆辅助孔不利于掏槽孔与辅助孔之间爆炸能量相互叠加,降低了掏槽爆破效果。 相似文献
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Improving the Accuracy of Geochemical Rock Modelling for Acid Rock Drainage Prevention in Coal Mine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract.
The results of static tests are used to geochemically model the distribution of potentially acid and non-acid forming materials and plan mining excavation and overburden dumping to prevent or minimize the generation of acid rock drainage (ARD). The accuracy of the model depends very much on the amount and validity of the available pre-mine data and how the data is interpreted in both lateral and vertical directions. This results of such modelling was compared with subsequent overburden information provided by analysis of blast hole drill cuttings. We found that the model overestimated the amount of potentially acid forming material, but that it was still useful in ARD prevention. 相似文献
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The process of rock cutting, during which the layer of crushed material is formed in the vicinity of the cutting tool, is examined by means of finite-element method. Different combinations of elasticity and plasticity states are analyzed for the layer and rock; the causes of possible wear of the cutting edge are established. 相似文献
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切削机理模型是研究岩石钻进切削过程中的切削力以及切削热的基础。在分析岩石切削机理模型的基础上,基于摩尔理论和裂纹扩展理论,分析中硬岩石切削状态,认为在中硬岩石切削过程中岩石存在着脆性切削和延展性切削2种方式,在此基础上得到新的中硬岩石切削机理模型。以砂岩、大理岩和花岗岩为钻进对象,开展微钻实验研究。结果表明:切削过程为岩石在刀具的扭矩和推进力作用下发生破坏,导致小岩屑、大切屑不断循环产生的过程,小大切屑形成主要源于岩石挤压变形和裂纹生成扩展。实验结果与岩石切削机理表现出较好的一致性。 相似文献