纳米NiAl2O4圈层包覆Al2O3复合粉末的制备

采用高温氧化的方法制备出纳米NiAl2O4圈层包覆Al2O3粉体.在纳米Al2O3粉体表面包覆一层金属Ni,在1 350℃高温下焙烧Ni/Al2O3复合粉体得到纳米NiAl2O4圈层包覆Al2O3粉体.利用TEM对Ni/Al2O3复合粉体进行观察,发现Ni/Al2O3复合粉体颗粒呈球形,大小为50～60 nm;Ni/Al2O3复合粉体的DTA分析结果表明,Ni/Al2O3复合粉体在900和1 300℃时有新相生成,经XRD检测,新相分别为NiO和NiAl2O4.     

纳米TiO2-Al2O3复合粉体的电化学合成

用电化学合成方法制备了TiO2-Al2O3的复合粉体材料,借助化学热力学数据库软件系统对体系进行了热力学分析。所得到的TiO2/Al2O3的复合粉体中,氧化铝主要沉积在二氧化钛颗粒的表面,且二氧化钛的成分任意可调。对TiO2-Al2O3复合凝胶进一步高温处理,可获得纳米Al2TiO5。     

多孔TiB2+Al2O3/NiAl基复合材料的研究

采用自蔓延高温合成技术制备NiAl/Al2O3 TiB2多孔复合材料,Ni-Al体系的反应产物的相组成主要为NiAl;Ni、Al、B2O3和TiO2组成的反应体系在进行燃烧合成反应之后,生成物主要是NiAl、Al2O3和TiB2,表明燃烧过程中很短的时间内反应能完全充分地进行;加入10Al 3TiO2 3B2O3→5Al2O3 3TiB2颗粒增强体系后,反应合成的多孔产物的孔径减小,孔洞间的连通性增强,孔隙度升高。     

Al2O3/SiO2纳米复合陶瓷型芯

在不同粒度的Al2O3微粉基体中加入SiO2纳米粉,通过特殊的粉体分散及热压铸方法制备出Al2O3/SiO2纳米复合陶瓷型芯.研究了物料组成对Al2O3/SiO2纳米复合陶瓷型芯烧制特性的影响.结果表明加入SiO2纳米粉后,改善了材料的流动性,并使陶瓷型芯的抗弯强度提高,烧结温度降低;在不同物料组成的纳米复合陶瓷型芯中,粗细物料搭配的基体其抗弯强度较高,并得到了最佳的物料组成及烧结制度.     

复合添加Lu2O3和Er2O3对镍氢电池Ni(OH)2正极高温性能的影响

通过在镍氢电池NKOH）2正极中复合添加稀土氧化物Lu2O3和Er2O3，研究了稀土氧化物的复合添加对Ni（OH）2正极高温性能的影响。充放电循环实验表明复合添加不同含量的Lu2O3和Er2O3都能够不同程度地提高正极高温充电效率。在55，60，65℃下，添加2．5％Lu2O3＋1．5％Er2O3的正极充电效率最高。循环伏安测试表明，复合添加2．5％Lu2O3＋1．5％Er2O3能够较为明显的提高Ni（OH）2正极在高温环境下的析氧副反应电位，进而提高了电极在高温环境下的充电效率。     

共沉淀法制备稀土石榴石Ln3Al5O12(Ln=Y, Ce, Yb)

以Y2O3、Yb2O3、Al(NO3)3.9H2O和Ce(NO3)3.6H2O为原料,NH4HCO3、NH3.H2O做复合沉淀剂,用共沉淀法制备纳米稀土石榴石Ln3Al5O12(LnAG,Ln=Y,Ce,Yb)粉体。用TG/DTA、XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对LnAG前驱体及煅烧后的粉体进行表征。结果表明,用上述方法在1 000℃煅烧3h可得到分散性好、形状规则且粒径为50nm左右的Y3Al5O12、Yb3Al5O12、Y2.9Ce0.1Al5O12石榴石粉体,但不能得到Ce3Al5O12石榴石,合成石榴石粉体的最佳煅烧温度为1 050℃以上。     

Ni、Cu-Al2O3纳米金属陶瓷粉末的热压

将化学电镀法制备的纳米Ni、Cu包覆Al2O3粉末进行热压。研究了金属Ni、Cu及其含量对Al2O3粉末的烧结致密化、显微组织和性能的影响。在纳米Al2O3粉末表面镀覆适当的金属Ni、Cu可以较有效地提高致密化，降低烧结温度。金属相作为第二相可以大大细化Al2O3晶粒组织。但Ni、Cu的加入伴随着Al2O3硬度和强度下降。硬度变化可以由金属Ni、Cu是软相较好地解释。强度下降则主要归因于包覆粉末中Ni、Cu对Al2O3粉末的润湿性不好所致。     

机械合金化制备Al2O3/Mo5Si3粉末研究

以MoO3粉、Mo粉、Si粉和Al粉为原料,利用机械合金化制备了具有纳米晶组成的Al2O3/Mo5Si3复合粉体,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、激光粒度分析仪(LPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对Al2O3/Mo5Si3复合粉体的形成以及在球磨过程中的粉体演变进行分析和表征.结果表明:球磨10h后,原料粉末发生反应生成了A...     

添加ZrO2-SiC复合粉体对Al2 O3 -C质耐火材料抗热震性能的影响

以电熔刚玉、天然石墨以及利用碳热还原法合成的ZrO2-SiC复合粉体为原料制备了Al2O3-C质耐火材料,研究了ZrO2-SiC复合粉体加入量对Al2O3-C质耐火材料抗热震性能的影响.结果表明:添加质量分数为4%的ZrO2-SiC复合粉体试样的显气孔率最低为18.8%;添加6%ZrO2-SiC复合粉体的试样,在1 200 ℃的温度下热震次数达到10次后,其表面并未出现明显裂纹,且其残余耐压强度为16.71 MPa,耐压强度保持率为40.9%,具有良好的抗热震性能.     

CuO/La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO物种的迁移和高温固相反应

采用XRD、激光Raman光谱和TPR技术研究了CuO／La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO高温迁移及固相反应。结果表明，800℃焙烧的CuO（20％）／La203（x％）-Al2O3催化剂，低La2O3负载量（5％和10％）时，La2O3（x％）-Al2O3载体表面即存在CuO和少量CuAl2O4；当La2O3负载量增大（≥20％）时，由于La2O3的阻止作用，使得CuO无法迁移到La2O3内层和Al2O3反应生成CuAl2O4，从而使CuO稳定存在于催化剂表层。高温焙烧（≥900℃），La2O3的隔离作用下降，从而导致生成CuAl2O4。     

Stability of Fluorine-Free CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-Na2O Mold Fluxes

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - B2O3 and Na2O are key components of fluorine-free mold fluxes for continuous casting, but both are highly volatile, which affects the flux stability....     

Solid-phase reactions of Ta2O5 with Ga2O3 and In2O3

Conclusions Using the techniques of DTA and x-ray phase analysis, a study was made of the reactions between Ta₂O₅ and M₂O₃ (M = Ga or In), and the phase compositions of the relevant binary systems were determined. The existence was confirmed of stable compounds of composition MTaO₄ and eutectoidally decomposing phases containing 7.5–12.5 mole % M₂O₃. MTaO₄ are dielectrics, whose room-temperature _v is of the order of 10¹⁰ -cm. The temperature dependence of _v of MTaO₄ was investigated in the range 293–873°K and their energies of activation for conductivity were calculated. The melting points, pyknometric densities, dielectric losses, and relative dielectric permeabilities of MTaO₄ were determined.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2 (110), pp. 69–73, February, 1972.     

Vitrification and Crystallization Behavior of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-Cr2O3 System

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The effect of basicity and Cr2O3 content on vitrification of the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-Cr2O3 system during a melt-quenched process and the...     

CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3转光玻璃的合成及荧光性质

X射线衍射研究表明CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3体系的玻璃化温度在1025℃附近。荧光光谱和ESR谱研究表明,在CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3玻璃体系中存在着Eu2 和Eu3 两种价态离子。316,360,379,394,413,462和532nm锐线激发峰和592,616和650红区发射峰分别对应Eu3 的f-f激发跃迁和5D0-7FJ(J=1,2,3)跃迁发射;351nm和427nm宽带激发峰和蓝区发射分别对应Eu2 的5d-4f激发跃迁和发射。     

Influences of Al2O3/CaO and Na2O/CaO Ratios on Viscosities of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Na2O Melts

The influences of Al₂O₃/CaO and Na₂O/CaO ratios on viscosities of CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Na₂O melts are investigated by the rotating cylinder method in this study. It is indicated from the experimental results that viscosity first increases and then decreases as gradually increasing Na₂O/CaO ratio. As increasing Na₂O/CaO ratio while keeping the contents of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ constant, the transformation of bridging oxygen (from being bonded with Al³⁺ ion charge compensated by Ca²⁺ ion to that compensated by Na⁺ ion, for the higher priority of Na⁺ ion relative to Ca²⁺ ion) increases the viscosity, whereas the transformation of non-bridging oxygen decreases the viscosity. These two factors lead to the appearance of viscosity maximum. The viscosity model proposed in our previous papers could well describe the viscosity variation tendency.     

Viscosity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-B2O3 slags

The viscosity of CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ slags with 8% MgO and 4% B₂O₃ is investigated over a broad range of composition, by means of a simplex-lattice experiment design. For slag of basicity 6–8 in the upper left region of the local simplex, with 15–25% Al₂O₃, 8% MgO, and 4% B₂O₃, the viscosity is high: 9.4–26.4 P over the range 1500–1530°C. Displacement of the slags of basicity 5–8 to the lower region of the local simplex ensures high fluidity in the given range of Al₂O₃ concentration: the viscosity is 1.5–6.1 P over the range 1500–1530°C.     

Influences of Na2O and K2O Additions on Electrical Conductivity of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Melts

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The present study investigated the influences of Na2O and K2O additions on electrical conductivity of blast furnace type CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 melts by the...     

Research on Glass Forming Ability of Er2O3 -Al2O3 -B2O3 -SiO2 System

The glass forming range of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was explored, and the effect of the content of Al2 O3 and Er2 O3 on glass-forming region was experimentally examined. It is shown that the region of glass formation range expends when the content of Al2O3 is changed from 15% to 20%, while it shrinks when the content of Er2O3 is changed from 20% to 30%. At the same time, the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was also discussed using a value of β, which is an indication of crystallization tendency of glasses, calculated from thermo-analysis data. It is found that the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3- SiO2 glasses is poor, while the glasses network may be enhanced when Al2O3 is added to the system, the glass forming ability being heightened. In addition, the crystallization temperatures of the rare earth glasses were determined using differential thermal analysis technique. The Er2O3-Al2O;-B2O3-SiO2 glass samples were heat treated at 1000,1100 and 1260℃ respectively. The results show that it is the Er2O3 phase that separates out from the glasses after crystaline heat treatment, and it is tiered up in glasses, as detected through XRD and SEM. This indicates that the phase separation occurs when the glasses are heated, Er3 being mainly distributed in the boron rich phase, then separated out from glasses, while the silicate rich phase remaining glassy state.     

二元碱度和Al_2O_3对CaO-SiO_2-FeO-Fe_2O_3-P_2O_5-Al_2O_3-MgO-MnO钢渣中磷酸盐富集的影响

以八元CaO-SiO_2-FeO-Fe_2O_3-P_2O_5-Al_2O_3-MgO-MnO钢渣体系为研究对象,结合热力学计算和实验检测,分析了二元碱度B和Al_2O_3含量对八元钢渣系中磷酸盐富集行为的影响。结果表明:钢渣二元碱度和Al_2O_3含量直接影响钢渣中f-C2S的生成量,进而影响磷酸盐富集相nC_2S-C_3P内P_2O_5的含量。随着二元碱度从1.3提高至2.5,磷酸盐富集率增大,磷酸盐富集相nC2S-C3P中的P_2O_5含量呈现先迅速增大(B从1.3至1.7),然后逐渐减小(B从1.8至2.5)的趋势。当二元碱度和Al_2O_3质量分数分别控制在1.7和12%时,即当满足四元碱度R为1.23时,此八元钢渣体系有较好的磷酸盐富集效果,磷酸盐富集相nC_2S-C_3P内的P_2O_5的质量分数可以达到24.23%。     

Wettability of silicon carbide ceramic by Al2O3/Dy2O3 and Al2O3/Yb2O3 systems

Wettability is an important phenomenon in the liquid phase sintering of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics. This work involved a study of the wetting of SiC ceramics by two oxide systems, Al₂O₃ /Dy₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ /Yb₂O₃, which have so far not been studied for application in the sintering of SiC ceramics. Five mixtures of each system were prepared, with different compositions close to their respective eutectic ones. Samples of the mixtures were pressed into cylindrical specimens, which were placed on a SiC plate and subjected to temperatures above their melting points using a graphite resistance furnace. The behavior of the melted mixtures on the SiC plate was observed by means of an imaging system using a CCD camera and the sessile drop method was employed to determine the contact angle, the parameter that measures the degree of wettability. The results of variation in the contact angle as a function of temperature were plotted in graphic form which showed that the curves displayed a fast decline and good spreading. All the samples of the two systems presented final contact angles of 40° to 10° indicating their good wetting on SiC in the argon atmosphere. The melted/solidified area and interface between SiC and melted/solidified phase were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (DRX). The DRX analysis showed that Al₂O₃ and RE₂O₃ reacted and formed the Dy₃Al₅O₁₂ (DyAg) and Yb₃Al₅O₁₂ (YbAg) phases. The results indicated that the two systems had a promising potential as additives for the sintering of SiC ceramics.