交变磁场中Fe3O4磁流体对肿瘤组织加热作用的理论研究

磁流体在肿瘤中的扩散和能量在肿瘤中的传递是磁流体热疗中的关键过程,并直接影响到治疗的效果。本文针对这些关键过程,建立了靶区内球形肿瘤的多物理场耦合模型,并采用有限元方法,对其进行了数值求解,获得了肿瘤靶区组织的压力分布、温度分布及磁流体浓度分布。分析了扩散时间、注射点以及磁流体比吸收率等关键因素对温度分布的影响。结果表明,延长扩散时间、在注射总量一定的情况下增加注射点数及增大比吸收率,均可使肿瘤中达到细胞坏死温度的体积增大,从而提高肿瘤的治愈率。但增大比吸收率的同时也会使正常组织的温升增加。     

水基Fe3O4磁流体的制备工艺研究

用共沉淀法制备Fe3O4磁流体,总结出用十二烷基磺酸钠与聚乙二醇作为表面活性剂制备水基磁流体的合适条件:(1)反应温度为室温或不高于35℃;(2)表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠的最佳用量为0.0030～0.0040 g/80 mL;(3)第一次包裹的最佳pH为9～10;(4)聚乙二醇作为第二次包裹的表面活剂时,体系最佳温度为40℃左右;(5)表面活性剂聚乙二醇的最佳用量为0.0050～0.0060 g/80 mL。通过实验制得了能稳定存在180 d的水基磁流体。并用透射电镜、红外光谱、分光光度计、古埃磁天平等进行了初步表征。     

均匀超细Fe3O4磁流体的研究

实验研究了均匀超细Fe3O4磁流体的制备工艺，对所制得的系列磁流体进行了性能检测和结构表征。所得磁流体具有良好的稳定性和磁性能，根据电子衍射图计算了粒子的晶格常数，证明磁流体中的物质组成为Fe3O4，透射电镜(TEM)表明Fe3O4粒子细小而均匀，一般为6～8nm，具有良好的可重复性，为工业放大和产业化应用奠定了基础。     

醇-水共热法制备Fe3O4磁流体

报道了采用醇-水共热法制备稳定Fe3O4磁流体的工艺条件。应用透射电镜。X射线衍射仪。古埃磁天平对所制备的磁流体中的磁性颗粒的粒径。形貌，磁性等进行了表征。并分析了试验条件对制备的影响。     

纳米Fe3O4磁流体的制备及其性能研究

研究了化学共沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米磁性液体的工艺过程,采用简易的方法对所制得的磁流体进行了检测和表征.对制备磁流体过程中的影响因素作了简单的分析并采用六因素四水平的正交实验对各因素进行了优化,得到了较佳的制备工艺.反应过程中保持pH值一直处于9～10之间,铁盐浓度为0.1 mol/L,其中Fe2 /Fe3 为1∶1,表面活性剂PEG4000的加入量为0.77 g(即mFe3O4/mpEG4000=1∶1),机械搅拌速率为1 000 r/min,采用机械搅拌和超声搅拌交替进行,反应温度为60 ℃并在此温度下保温陈化30 min.XRD分析表明产物微粒达到34.5 nm,采用TEM对磁流体悬浮液进行分析发现悬浮颗粒的粒径在20～40 nm之间.     

Fe3O4水基磁流体的制备及其分散性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备了纯Fe3O4纳米粒子,分别用高氯酸、四甲基羟胺和油酸/十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面活性剂对其进行表面处理后分散在水中,得到了3种水基磁流体,对这3种磁流体的浓度及稳定性进行了测定。实验结果显示:酸性、碱性和中性水基磁流体中Fe3O4的浓度分别为4.8%、5.8%和8.1%,其中中性水基磁流体中粒子的分散性能最佳;经过离心后,3种水基磁流体中的粒子均产生了沉降,且酸性和碱性磁流体中的粒子比中性磁流体中的粒子沉降的多。在此基础上,对影响粒子分散稳定性的机理进行了初步探讨。     

二次包裹Fe3O4磁流体的制备与表征

采用共沉淀法制备Fe_3O_4磁流体,以十二烷基磺酸钠为分散剂进行第一包裹,再以亲水性更强的聚乙二醇进行第二次包裹,理论上先制取粒子再包裹的方法,制得稳定性较高的水基磁流体,能稳定存在较长时间。通过红外光谱、磁光效应、热稳定性对所制产物进行了初步的表征。     

油酸包覆的机油基Fe3 O4磁流体的制备及表征

首先利用化学共沉淀法制备了具有超顺磁性的纳米Fe3O4颗粒,然后用油酸对其进行包覆,得到稳定的Fe3O4机油基磁流体。分别用XRD、IR、TEM、VSM和TGA对所制备的产物进行表征,探讨了油酸包覆Fe3O4纳米颗粒的形成机理。研究表明,所得磁流体具有高的饱和磁化强度和稳定性,制备的纳米Fe3O4颗粒的饱和磁化强度为79.886emu/g,用油酸包覆后的颗粒的饱和磁化强度达到73.991emu/g,油酸的包覆使得Fe3O4颗粒的饱和磁化强度有所降低。     

微乳法制备W／O型Fe3O4磁流体及其清除水面浮油模拟研究

磁流体又称磁性液体，是磁性纳米微粒藉助表面活性剂的作用均匀分散于载液中形成的稳定胶体系统。由于磁流体既具有磁性又具有流动性，这使得其应用于清除海面浮油成为可能。利用微乳法制备Fe3O4磁流体，改变了传统的制备工艺，在制备纳米微粒的同时，就得到了Fe3O4磁流体，使磁流体制备工艺大大简化，且Fe3O4磁流体具有粒子粒径小、     

磁流体在外加磁场中应用于油水分离的研究

利用化学共沉淀法制备的煤油基四氧化三铁（Ｆｅ３Ｏ４）磁流体（油酸为表面活性剂）,对乳化的模拟含油污水进行净化处理。探讨了磁场、搅拌对磁流体除油效果的影响,提出了磁场作用下磁流体可能的除油模式     

非牛顿流体中气泡上升及聚并过程中液相侧浓度场的数值模拟(英文)

On the basis of Navier-Stockes equation and convection-diffusion equation, combined with surface ten-sion and penetration models, the equations of moment and mass transfer between bubble and the ambient non-Newtonian liquid were established. The formation of a single bubble from a submersed nozzle of 1.0 mm di-ameter and the mass transfer from an artificially fixed bubble into the ambient liquid were simulated by the volume- of-fluid (VOF) method. Good agreement between simulation results and experimental data confirmed the validity of the numerical method. Furthermore, the concentration distribution around rising bubbles in shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid was simulated. When the process of a single ellipsoidal bubble with the bubble deformation rate below 2.0 rises, the concentration distribution is a single-tail in the bubble’s wake, but it is fractal when the bubble deformation rate is greater than 2.0. For the overtaking of two in-line rising bubbles, the concentration dis-tribution area between two bubbles broadens gradually and then coalescence occurs. The bifurcation of concentra-tion distribution appears in the rear of the resultant bubble.     

Preparation and properties of electrospun PAN/Fe3O4 magnetic nanofibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Fe₃O₄ composite nanofibers were prepared via the electrospinning of the PAN spinning solutions with magnetite Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The experimental results showed that the morphology and diameter of the nanofibers strongly depended upon concentrations of PAN and salt additives in the spinning solutions. A suitable PAN concentration and LiCl additives could effectively prevent the occurrence of beads in the electrospinning process and affected the diameters of the electrospun nanofibers. The breaking strength and breaking strain decreased when the magnetite Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were incorporated. The prepared PAN/Fe₃O₄ nanofibers were superparamagnetic at room temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

环烷基NiFe2O4磁流体的制备及有磁场沉降稳定性

目前,磁流体的制备方法多为化学共沉淀法,关于磁流体微乳化制备工艺及有磁场沉降稳定性的研究较少。采用单因素和均匀实验设计方法,判定分散剂及其质量分数对环烷基NiFe₂O₄磁流体沉降稳定性的影响。本文采用微乳化法制备环烷基NiFe₂O₄磁流体,通过样品沉降系数和黏度特性,研究分散剂种类与其质量分数、NiFe₂O₄纳米磁性颗粒质量分数、乳化剂种类及温度对磁流体有磁场沉降稳定性的影响,得到制备环烷基NiFe₂O₄磁流体的较佳参数值。研究结果表明：当十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与油酸（OA）的质量分数在1%～6%范围内,环烷基NiFe₂O₄磁流体的沉降稳定性较好,并且SDBS与OA的含量对其稳定性的影响大于SDS;当分散剂定量时,随着NiFe₂O₄纳米磁性颗粒质量分数的增加,磁流体先表现出较好的稳定性,后逐渐出现团聚;在一定温度时,乳化剂Surf CA20有利于磁流体内部形成液晶相,减小液珠间吸引势能并且降低磁性颗粒的聚结速度,提高磁流体的有磁场沉降稳定性。     

Magnetic properties and self-heat behaviors of core@shell structured MnFe2O4@Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles

In this work, a facile solvothermal synthesis of MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles is followed by an easy and reproducible process to envelop the synthesized MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles with iron oxide nanoparticles using ethanol and ethylene glycol as solvents. All prepared MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles show a homogenous distribution of spherical particles with an average particle size between 12 and 16 nm. The encapsulation process of MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles does not affect their homogenous distribution with a very thin layer of Fe₃O₄ on the shell structure. The magnetic properties showed a superparamagnetic character with enhanced magnetic properties of MnFe₂O₄@Fe₃O₄ compared to pure MnFe₂O₄, which has been verified by magnetization and electron spin resonance. The heating efficiency of the prepared samples was evaluated in terms of the specific loss power using the calorimetric method. The synthesized MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles show a significantly high value of about 72 W/g, which got doubled in the core@shell structure and reached 140 W/g at 189 kHz and 10kA/m of the magnetic field.     

四氧化三铁磁性超细粉的表面改性

在制备了Fe3O4磁性超细粉后，根据应用的需要对其表面进行处理以改变其物理化学性质。本实验从众多改性剂中进行了筛选，选出钛酸酯偶联剂作为Fe3O4的最优改性剂，通过分析改性影响因素，采用正交实验寻求其最优的改性工艺条件。     

微波辐射制备Fe3O4-聚苯乙烯复合磁性微球

采用微波辐射法制备了Fe3O4-聚苯乙烯复合磁性微球。通过Fe3O4磁流体的制备及改性,利用微波辐射使苯乙烯自聚反应能够在Fe3O4磁性颗粒表面顺利进行,最终得到复合磁性微球。实验考察了微波功率大小、聚合反应体系pH值、磁流体用量等反应条件的影响,通过红外谱图、热重谱图分析了产物的结构和热稳定性,利用沉降实验定性地表征了产物的磁响应性。结果表明：微波功率为130w时能迅速成功地制备出磁含量为24．47％的复合磁性微球。     

Preparation and characterisation of Fe/Fe3O4 fibres based soft magnetic composites

Soft magnetic composites (FSMCs) have been prepared by using Fe fibres coated with a layer of Fe₃O₄, this layer playing the role of insulating material. The coating was made via blackening method by simply immersing the fibres in the blackening bath for 5, 10 and 15 min. The formation of the Fe₃O₄ coating on the surface of the fibres was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The SEM investigation, used to evaluate the thickness of the coatings, has proved that increasing the coating duration leads to the increase of the coating thickness and complete coverage of the surface of the fibres. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermomagnetic measurements were used to investigate the thermal stability of the composite fibres. The fibres coated with Fe₃O₄ were compacted at a compaction pressure of 700 MPa to obtain toroidal magnetic cores. The obtained cores were characterised in DC and AC magnetisation regime. The analysis of the quasi-static hysteresis loops evidenced that increasing the thickness of the Fe₃O₄ leads to a slight deterioration of the compact's magnetic properties. However, as the thickness of the Fe₃O₄ layer increases, the development of eddy currents at a larger scale is hindered as proved by the AC magnetic investigations. A model for analytic separation of the core losses is proposed. By applying this model to the prepared samples, we are now able to discriminate between the occurring losses and adjust the preparation process of new samples to the targeted characteristics.     

Graft polymerization synthesis and application of magnetic Fe3O4/polyacrylic acid composite nanoparticles

Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation using NH₃ · H₂O as the precipitating agent, and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD). The compatibility between the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and water were enhanced by grafting acrylic acid onto the nanoparticle surface. FTIR, XRD, thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the resultant sample. The effects of initiator dosage, monomer concentration, and reaction temperature on the characteristics of surface‐modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were investigated. Moreover, magnetic fluids (MF), prepared by dispersing the PAA grafted Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in water, were characterized using UV–vis spectrophotometer, Gouy magnetic balance, and laser particle‐size analyzer. The rheological characteristics of magnetic fluid were investigated using capillary and rotating rheometers. The MF was added to prepare PVA thin film to improve mechanical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007