一种用于CDMA系统的正交序列调制方法

在宽带移动通信系统中，经常考虑采用通过ＦＦＴ实现的多载波调制，如ＯＦＤＭ。本文提出了一种利用ＦＨＴ实现的ＣＤＭＡ系统的正交序列调制方案。其基本思想为利用Ｗａｌｓｈ函数作为载波，将Ｗａｌｓｈ函数分组，从每组中选出一些作为载波，这样不同的载波组合方式本身将包含用户信息。这种方法实现简单，可提高传输效率，并容易与ＣＤＭＡ相结合，能有效地抑制多径干扰。仿真结果表明，该方案在多径衰落信道中能得到很好的性能。     

数字HDTV地面广播的多载波调制解调器

本文描述了一种使用正交频分复用（ＯＦＤＭ）的数字调制系统。由于在两个符号之间的保护间隔的插入，此系统在处理回波方面比经典的单载波调制解调器显得更为优越简便。随后，信号均衡在频域内实现，ＯＦＤＭ调制解调器通过双极化进一步得到改善。此结构能在８ＭＨｚ ＵＨＦ信道中传输７０Ｍｂｉｔｓ／ｓ（ＨＤＴＶ）比特流。在拥有此种设备的某些国家中获得了与现场试验有关的一些实验结果。     

DFT在信号分析中的应用

本文讨论了ＤＦＴ在信号分析识别炽的应用,用ＤＦＴ可以提取的载频,市制速率,也可以对数字调制信号的调制方式进行分析识别。本文还给出了ＤＦＴ在信号分析识别中的应用实例：用ＤＦＴ实现对Ｌｉｎｋ１１数据链信号的识别。     

ADSL的线路调制技术

ＡＤＳＬ在线路调制无后采用过正交幅度调制，无载波幅度相位调制和离散多频调制。ＱＡＭ和ＣＡＰ在６Ｍｂ／ｓ以下的速率和中工作得很好，ＤＭＴ则在更高速率上表现出明显的优势。传统的ＤＭＴ系统采用ＩＤＦＴ和ＤＦＴ实现调制和解调，用散小波变换代替ＤＦＴ的ＤＷＭＴ系统可以获得更好的传输性能。     

COFDM原理及在数字电视传输中的应用

本文给出ＯＦＤＭ的调制原理及其用ＤＦＴ实现的方法，并阐述了此种数字调制方法在数字电视地面传输中的应用及其发展前景。     

时间色散信道中格形编码的正交频分复用(TC-OFDM)技术

本文提出了一种格形编码的正交频分复用（ＴＣ－ＯＦＤＭ）方案，研究把正交频分复用（ＯＦＤＭ）和格形编码（ＴＣＭ）有机地结合，来克服时间色散信道中的频率选择性和多径衰落。文中对码率２／３格形编码的８ＤＰＳＫ－ＯＦＤＭ在时间色散信道中的误码率性能进行了分析和模拟，并讨论了不同正交载波数情况下格形编码的设计。结果表明，在比特误码率ＢＥＲ为１０－３时采用ＴＣ－ＯＦＤＭ方案与未编码系统相比可以提供６ｄＢ的编码增益。     

基于DFT滤波器组实现zoom—FFT算法分析

本文介绍了一种基于ＤＦＴ滤波器组实现ｚｏｏｍ—ＦＦＴ算法,该算法是利用ＤＦＴ滤波器组将待分析的信号带宽分解成多个子带,经过子带选择,再进行ＦＦＴ运算。分析表明：该算法运算效率高,能实现运算量和运算精度的折衷;与Ｙｉｐ级连ｚｏｏｍ—ＦＦＴ算法比较,该算法有更大的适应性,Ｙｉｐ无修正级边ｚｏｏｍ一ＦＦＴ算法是该算法的一种特例,利用基于 ＤＦＴ滤波器组实现 ｚｐｐｍ一ＦＦＴ算法可推导出 Ｙｉｐ无修正级边 ｚｏｏｍ一ＦＦＴ算法的通用修正公式;与复调制ｚｏｏｍ一ＦＦＴ算法比较,在保证同样精度的情况下,该算法运算量为复调制ｚｏｏｍ－ＦＦＴ算法运算量的１／Ｍ（Ｍ为子带细化倍数）．     

第六讲 正交频分复用技术的应用

正交频分复用因其在抗多径衰落方面的优越性能，并且实现起来比较简单、频谱利用率高、得到了广泛的应用。本文介绍了ＯＦＤＭ的原理及其利用ＦＦＴ技术实现的方法，然后介绍了ＯＦＤＭ在数字化ＨＤＴＶ地面广播中的应用。     

提高国产激光器组件直接调制速率与PIN－FET组件频响带宽的新技术

本文对如何提高国产１．５５μｍＩｎＧｒａＡｓｐＤＦＢ－ＬＤ组件直接高速调制速率以及国产ＰＩＮ－ＦＥＴ组件的频响带宽进行了理论与实验研究。在实验测量的基础上建立了国产ＬＤ组件小信号等效电路模型，对其调制响应速率的主要限制因素进行了分析，研制了高速ＤＦＢ－ＬＤ组件，将其调制速率提高到３．２ＧＨｚ。同时，在对谐振式ＰＩＮ－ＦＥＴ光接收机进行噪声分析的基础上，采用微波混合集成工艺研制了一个串联谐振式ＰＩＮ－ＦＥＴ光接收组件，有效地提高了ＰＩＮ－ＦＥＴ的频响带宽。     

数字HDTV地面广播传输方法──第六讲 正交频分复用技术的应用

正交频分复用（ＯＦＤＭ：ＯｒｔｈｏｇｏｎａｌＦｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙＤｉｖｉｓｉｏｎＭｕｌｔｉｐｌｅｘｉｎｇ）因其在抗多径衰落方面的优越性能，并且实现起来比较简单、频谱利用率高，得到了广泛的应用。本文介绍了ＯＦＤＭ的原理及其利用ＦＦＴ技术实现的方法，然后介绍了ＯＦＤＭ在数字化ＨＤＴＶ４面广播中的应用。     

基于飞机突防作战背景的复杂电磁环境研究与建模

针对飞机突防作战的战术背景,提出了信号环境描述字建模方法,详述了该方法用于雷达及雷达干扰、通信及通信干扰信号环境建模的过程;分别选择不同参数形成PDW和SDW描述字,对空中突防作战背案下的电磁环境威胁信号进行了描述;详细设计了模型库的库表结构,并举例设计了模型实体关系,为后续仿真工作的开展提供了详实的依据。     

Fusion of hard and soft computing techniques in indirect, online tool wear monitoring

Indirect, online tool wear monitoring is one of the most difficult tasks in the context of process monitoring for metal-cutting machining processes. Based on a continuous acquisition of certain process parameters (signals such as cutting forces or acoustic emission) with multi-sensor systems, it is possible to estimate or to classify certain wear parameters. However, despite of intensive scientific research during the past decades, the development of reliable and flexible tool wear monitoring systems is an ongoing attempt. This article introduces a new, hybrid technique for tool wear monitoring in turning which fuses a physical process model (hard computing) with a neural network model (soft computing). The physical model describes the influence of cutting conditions (such as tool geometry or work material) on measured force signals and it is used to normalize these force signals. The neural model establishes a relationship between the normalized force signals and the wear state of the tool. The advantages of this approach are demonstrated by means of experimental results. Moreover, it is shown that the consideration of process parameters, cutting conditions, and wear in one model (either physical or neural) is extremely difficult and that existing hybrid approaches are not adequate. The ideas presented in this article can be transferred to many other process monitoring tasks.     

基于波束域预处理的阵列盲信号分离方法

相控阵雷达采用多个阵元进行信号的接收处理,其多通道信号处理可以采用盲信号处理的方法进行目标源信号分离.由于阵元间距导致信号在阵元间产生相位延迟,在进行盲分离的时候一般只能采用卷积混合模型,盲分离过程是较为复杂的多通道反卷积问题.文中对阵列接收信号进行波束域预处理,通过确定的空间波束相位补偿,将阵元域的多时延混合信号变换为瞬时混合信号,从而采用简单的实数分离算法即可完成信号分离,分离信号可用于后置处理.所提方法简单有效,相比常规阵列信号处理方法,可直接适用于宽带信号.仿真实验验证了其有效性.     

宽带谱相关时空DOA矩阵方法

本文提出了一种新的基于信号时空特征结构的二维DOA估计方法－－宽带谱相关时空DOA矩阵方法。该方法利用信号的循环平稳特性实现了对宽带信号的有效处理,同时通过空时变换将传统的一维空域处理拓展到了二维空间处理,更充分地利用了信号的时域特征,从而大大简化了阵列结构,提高了算法的性能。理论分析与仿真结果表明,该方法既继承了循环平稳方法在谱估计方面的优势,又具有原DOA矩阵方法无需二维谱峰搜索和参数配对的特点。     

Latency measurement improvement of P100 complex in visual evokedpotentials by FMH filters

The ensemble average of pattern shift visual evoked potentials (PSVEPs) signals is seriously affected by random latency variations encountered in each individual sweep which is modeled as a continuous signal with linear segments and well-shaped triangular peaks. This effect is causing the smoothed peaks of the averaged PSVEP waveforms. It is the authors objective to restore the degraded peaks and provide accurate information about their exact location. The method used is based on nonlinear filtering of the FIR-median hybrid (FMH) type and is recommended as a postfiltering process to the well-known averaging methods of recovering PSVEP signals from noise by time-locking to stimuli. The new technique, tested in signals from clinical observations, has proven very promising     

Toward a unified theory of modulation—Part II: Zero manipulation

Part I of this two-part paper began with a study of band-limited signals which exhibit simultaneous phase and envelope fluctuations. The real and complex zeros of such signals were shown to be crucial parameters, and a viewpoint was established wherein zeros are regarded as fundamental informational attributes of signals. In Part II, the concept of modulation as zero manipulation is developed. This concept allows one to manipulate the zeros of a signal (i.e., to modulate the signal) in any practically convenient manner provided that the original zeros can be recovered in a demodulation process. The major portion of Part II is an illustrated survey of modulation processes. Narrow-band processes are dealt with first. Both well-known techniques, such as AM and SSB, and unconventional techniques are classified and explained in terms of zero manipulations. Conventional and single-sided forms of angle modulation are studied next. The zero-manipulation concept provides insight into the nature of the redundancy in wide-band angle modulation and suggests why angle modulation is both noise resistant and inefficient as a coding process. The final portion of the paper shows that the zero-manipulation concept can be used constructively as well as interpretively. Two topics are discussed: angle coding via zero conjugation, and interpolation of binary signals.     

激光测高系统中匹配滤波器的设计

激光测高仪不仅可以精确测量目标的距离,还能够从回波信号中提取倾斜度、粗糙度等特征信息,应用十分广泛。通过对测高系统中信号检测单元分析,采用匹配滤波对回波信号进行处理,达到了理想的滤波效果,这对特征信号的提取和提高系统的探测精度起到了关键的作用。     

Quantitative performance evaluation of the lossless compressionapproach using pole-zero modeling

A technique for lossless compression of seismic signals is proposed. The algorithm employed is based on the equation-error structure, which approximates the signal by minimizing the error in the least square sense and estimates the transfer characteristic as a rational function or equivalently, as an autoregressive moving-average process. The algorithm is implemented in the frequency domain. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with the lossless linear predictor and the differentiator approaches for compressing seismic signals. The residual sequence of these schemes is coded using arithmetic coding. The suggested approach yields compression measures (in terms of bits per sample) lower than the lossless linear predictor and the differentiator for compressing different classes of seismic signals     

基于PCANet和SVM的谎言测试研究

主成分分析网络（Principal Component Analysis Network,PCANet）是基于深度学习理论的一种非监督式的特征提取方法,它克服了手工提取特征的缺点,目前其有效性仅仅在图像处理领域中得到了验证。本文针对当前谎言测试方法中脑电信号特征提取困难的缺点,首次将PCANet方法应用到一维信号的特征提取领域,并对测谎实验的原始脑电信号提取特征,然后使用支持向量机（Support Vector Machine,SVM）将说谎者和诚实者的两类信号进行分类识别,将实验结果和其它分类器及未使用特征提取的分类效果进行了比较。实验结果显示相对未抽取任何特征的方法,提出的方法PCANet－SVM可以获得更高的训练和测试准确率,表明了PCANet方法对于脑电信号特征提取的有效性,也为基于脑电信号的测谎提供了一种新的途径。     

一种基于CPLD的动调陀螺测斜仪数据采集系统设计与实现

动调陀螺测斜仪是一种可在油气勘探中用于测量钻头走向方位的仪器,且不受地磁干扰,日益受到业界的青睐.针对动调陀螺测斜仪模拟信号数字化的实际需要,本文研究开发了一种基于CPLD的动调陀螺测斜仪数据采集系统.系统由CPLD控制芯片、模拟开关、A/D采样芯片以及相应的接口电路等组成.测试结果表明,所设计的数据采集系统采集精度高、稳定性好,能够在油气井高温、高压恶劣环境条件下正常工作,不仅具有工程实用价值,而且为动调陀螺测斜仪灵活、快捷的升级换代提供了保证.