4-(N,N二苯氨基)-苯磺酸的合成研究

以三苯胺为原料,浓硫酸(或氯磺酸)为磺化剂,制备了4-(N,N-二苯氨基)-苯磺酸,具体合成步骤为:将三苯胺加热到180°C使其熔融,然后加入浓硫酸,在充分混合下,反应1.3min后,搅拌冷却至室温,然后将反应混合物倒入冰水中,在搅拌下加入ρ=20g/L的氢氧化钠溶液,使其呈强碱性,将固体4-(N,N-二苯氨基)-苯磺酸钠滤出,溶于稀盐酸中,调pH值至酸性,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取反应液,蒸去溶剂乙酸乙酯,得紫色固体4-(N,N-二苯氨基)-苯磺酸,产率86%     

N,N-二(4-甲基苯基)-4-[2-(4-甲基苯基)乙烯基]苯胺的合成及光电导性能研究

以苯胺和对甲基溴苄为原料,经过Ullmann、甲酰化和Wittig3步反应,最终合成了N,N 二(4 甲基苯基) 4 [2 (4 甲基苯基)乙烯基]苯胺(Ⅲ),并且通过IR、1HNMR和MS进行了结构鉴定。以目标化合物为电荷传输材料,以酞菁氧钛为电荷产生材料复配制备的光电导样片性能参数为:充电电压1000V时,表面电位可达到935V,残余电位为60V,暗衰率为11 1V/s,光敏度为1 0(lx·s)-1,该数据表明目标化合物具有优良的电荷传输性能。     

4-(N,N-二乙基胺基)苯乙酮的制备

介绍了一种制备4 (N,N 二乙基胺基)苯乙酮的方法,该方法以N,N 二乙基苯胺为原料经Vilsmeier反应制得4 (N,N 二乙基胺基)苯甲醛,再与盐酸羟胺成肟脱水得到4 (N,N 二乙基胺基)苯甲腈,最后与氯甲烷格氏试剂反应水解后而得。经过工艺改进,反应各步收率分别达到80%、90%、85%,合成总收率达到了60%。     

N—（4—羧基苯基）马来酰亚胺的合成研究

以顺丁烯二酸酐（MA）、对氨基苯甲酸（4-AA）为原料,用一种新方法合成了N-（4-羧基苯基）马来酰亚胺（4-CPM）,对其合成工艺进行了探讨,并用红外光谱（IR）、核磁共振波谱（H-NMR）对4-CPM的结构进行了表征。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate)‐graft‐poly[(meth)acrylates] by atom transfer radical polymerization

The graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate onto poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate) with atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was successfully carried out with copper(I) thiocyanate/N,N,N′,N′,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and copper(I) chloride/2,2′‐bipyridine as catalysts in the solvent N,N‐dimethylformamide. For methyl methacrylate, a kinetic plot of ln([M]₀/[M]) (where [M]₀ is the initial monomer concentration and [M] is the monomer concentration) versus time for the graft polymerization was almost linear, and the molecular weight of the graft copolymer increased with increasing conversion, this being typical for ATRP. The formation of the graft polymer was confirmed with gel permeation chromatography, ¹H‐NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The glass‐transition temperature of the copolymer increased with the concentration of methyl methacrylate. The graft copolymer was hydrolyzed, and its swelling capacity was measured. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 183–189, 2005     

4-[3-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯氧基]苯胺的合成研究

以间苯二酚和对硝基氯化苯为原料经醚化和水合肼还原合成了聚酰亚胺的二胺单体4-[3-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯氧基]苯胺,总收率为79.8%,HPLC面积归一法测定目的产物为99.56%。并用元素分析和红外光谱对产物进行了表征。     

Synthesis of high-molecular weight poly(vinyl alcohol) by low-temperature emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and saponification

High-molecular weight (HMW) poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was prepared via an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) using a redox initiation system in low temperatures, and the subsequent saponification with potassium hydroxide in methanol. The effect of the polymerization conditions on the conversion, molecular weight, and branching degree was investigated. PVA with maximum viscosity-average degree of polymerization (DP) of 8270 could be prepared by saponification of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), with DP of 10,660 obtained at temperature of 10°C, monomer concentration of 30%, potassium persulfate molar ratio to monomer of 1/2000, agitation speed of 160 rpm. The conversion was above 90%. From the emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of VAc in low temperature, PVAc with HMW and high linearity was effectively prepared, which might be useful for the preparation of high-strength and high-modulus PVA fiber. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Selective separation of water from aqueous alcohol mixtures through functionalized syndiotactic poly(styrene‐co‐4‐methylstyrene) membranes by pervaporation

The pervaporation performances of a series of functionalized syndiotactic poly(styrene‐co‐4‐methylstyrene) (SPSM) membranes for various alcohol mixtures were investigated. The syndiotactic polystyrene copolymers, poly(styrene‐co‐4‐methylstyrene) (SPSM), were prepared by styrene with 4‐methylstyrene using a Cp*Ti(OCH₃)₃/methyl aluminoxane (metallocene/MAO) catalyst. The effect of functionalization on the thermal properties and polymer structure of the SPSM membranes were also investigated. The crystallinity of the functionalized SPSM membrane is lower than that of the unfunctionalized SPSM membranes. The water molecules preferentially permeate through the SPSM membranes. Compared with unfunctionalized SPSM membranes, the functionalized SPSM membrane effectively increases the membrane formation performances and the pervaporation performances. The optimun pervaporation performance (a separation factor of 510 and permeation rate of 220 g/m²h) was obtained by the bromination of SPSM (SPSMBr) membrane with a 90 wt % aqueous ethanol solution. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2247–2254, 2002     

聚4-乙烯基吡啶的合成与表征

以过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,用悬浮聚合的方法制备了较高相对分子质量的聚4 乙烯基吡啶(P4VP)。通过对聚合产物相对分子质量测试结果的分析,研究了单体与水的体积比、引发剂用量、分散剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、搅拌速度等因素对4 VP聚合反应的影响。结果表明,聚合时间为1h、聚合温度为60℃、引发剂的质量分数(占单体量)为0.8%左右、分散剂的质量分数(占单体量)为0.6%、搅拌速度为300r/min时,P4VP的重均分子量就能达到6×105～9×105。另外,采用紫外吸收光谱(UV)、红外吸收光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(13C NMR)、热重 差热分析(TG DTA)等测试手段研究了P4VP的结构和性能。     

N,N-二甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酰胺的合成

以氯乙酸甲酯、4-苯氧基苯酚为原料,在无水碳酸钾存在下,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,制备了中间体2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酸甲酯(Ⅰ),进而,中间体(Ⅰ)和二甲胺反应。得到目的产物N,N-二甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酰胺(Ⅱ)。考察了反应温度、反应时间、物料投料比对目的产物(Ⅱ)收率的影响,从而确定了合成工艺条件为:反应温度15~20°C;反应时间3.5~4 h;物料投料比n(Ⅰ)∶n(二甲胺)=1.0∶1.4。在此条件下,N,N-二甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酰胺的收率达80%以上。化合物的结构经IR1、H NMR和元素分析进行了表征。     

反应温度对聚3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷支化度的影响

以3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷为单体,BF1·O（C2H5）2为引发剂,二氯甲烷为溶剂,在-50～30℃的不同温度下通过阳离子自缩合开环聚合,合成超支化聚3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷,产物相对分子质量在5000左右。^13C NMR测定结果表明,聚3-乙基-3-羟甲基环氧丁烷的支化度随聚合温度的升高而增大,聚合温度在20℃以上时聚合物支化度随反应温度的变化趋势变小,趋向不变。     

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of 7-(4-(acryloyloxy)butoxy)coumarin

The light sensitive vinyl monomer with coumarin unit, 7-(4-(acryloyloxy)butoxy)coumarin (7AC), was synthesized. The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of 7AC, initiated by 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), was carried out using 2-cyanoprop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (CPDB) as a RAFT agent in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. The kinetics exhibited first-order relationship with respect to the monomer concentration. The molecular weight of the polymer increased linearly with the monomer conversion. The chain extension of poly(7-(4-(acryloyloxy)butoxy)coumarin) (P7AC) using styrene (St) as the second monomer demonstrated that the obtained polymers were almost “living”. The fluorescence intensity of P7AC increased with the molecular weight of P7AC and was stronger than that of the monomer. The obtained polymer had strong ultraviolet (UV) absorption at 322 nm. The molecular weights of the polymer had no effect on its ultraviolet absorption intensity. The coumarin structure existing in P7AC underwent [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction (photodimerization) under UV irradiation in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution, which can be further used to prepare small particles from the single polymer.     

Synthesis of poly(vinyl alcohol) combs via MADIX/RAFT polymerization

Poly(vinyl acetate) combs have been prepared via macromolecular design via interchange of xanthate (MADIX)/reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization using xanthate functionalized polymer cores. The comb backbones were prepared using well-defined poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA polymers with a degree of polymerization of 20, 100 and 170, respectively. Functionalization with xanthates via R-group or a Z-group approach resulted in the formation of macromolecular MADIX agents. While Z group designed macromolecular xanthate agents appeared to inhibit the polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc), R group designed macromolecular xanthate agents achieved to mediate efficiently the bulk polymerization of VAc affording PVAc combs. However, the growth of the combs was accompanied at low conversions by the formation of linear polymer chains as a result of the constant initiation (AIBN) and shoulders, which can be attributed to intermolecular coupling reactions. The proportions of single chains and termination products were observed to increase with the degree of polymerization of the macromolecular MADIX agents broadening the molecular weight distribution. As a result of a stable ester link between the branches and the PVA backbone, the branched PVAc architectures were finally hydrolyzed to afford poly(vinyl alcohol) combs.     

窄能隙共轭聚合物:聚{[(3-辛基)噻吩-2,5-二基]-[(对二甲氨基)苯甲烯]}的合成与表征

聚噻吩甲烯是一类具有极低能隙的共轭聚合物,为了提高其溶解性和成膜性,采用3 辛基噻吩与对二甲氨基苯甲醛进行聚合反应得到了聚(3 辛基)噻吩对二甲氨基苯甲烷(POTDMAB),然后在氧化剂四氯苯醌的作用下进行脱氢反应得到聚(3 辛基)噻吩对二甲氨基苯甲烯(POTDMABQ)。用红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱对POTDMAB和POTDMABQ的结构进行了表征。红外光谱上1653cm-1处的小吸收峰,紫外-可见吸收光谱上450～600nm的吸收说明POTDMAB含有部分醌化的成分。与POTDMAB相比,POTDMABQ的红外谱图在1653cm-1处的吸收强度增加,紫外-可见吸收光谱上450～600nm吸收强度的增加以及核磁共振氢谱都说明了醌化反应的发生和共轭结构的形成。热重分析表明POTDMABQ在200℃以上开始分解。采用了两种模型对POTDMABQ薄膜的光学禁带宽度进行了测量,发现具有很低的禁带宽度,分别为1 32eV(r=1)和1 69eV(r=2),具有用作三阶非线性聚合物光学材料的潜在能力。     

磷光配体3-[4-(2-吡啶基)苯基]-9-(4-氟苯基)-9H-咔唑的合成

以对溴苯胺为原料,经重氮化、Gomberg-Bachmann偶联、硼酸化反应得到4-(2-吡啶基)苯硼酸;再与对氟苯基取代的咔唑,通过四(三苯基磷)钯催化,于90℃进行Suzuki偶联合成出标题磷光配体,收率82.03%。对目标物用核磁共振氢谱和元素分析进行了表征,并测得它在二氯甲烷中的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱。由于受咔唑基团的影响,磷光配体最大吸收峰波长红移56 nm,且吸收的强度增加,Stokes位移154 nm,相对荧光量子效率为0.17。     

Synthesis of hyperbranched polymers via a facile self-condensing vinyl polymerization system - Glycidyl methacrylate/Cp2TiCl2/Zn

A facile self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP) system, the combination of glycidyl methacrylate, Cp₂TiCl₂ and Zn, has been firstly used to prepare novel hyperbranched polymers, consisting of vinyl polymers as the backbone, and cyclic ester polymers (poly(?-caprolactone) or poly(l-lactide)) as the side chains. The polymerizations are initiated by the epoxide radical ring-opening catalyzed by Cp₂Ti(III)Cl which is generated in situ via the reaction of Cp₂TiCl₂ with Zn. The key to success is that the polymerizations can proceed concurrently via two dissimilar chemistries possessing the opposite active initiating species, including ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP). We have demonstrated that this facile one-step polymerization technique can be applied successfully to prepare highly branched polymers with a multiplicity of end reactive functionalities including Ti alkoxide, hydroxyl and vinyl functional groups.     

N-甲基-2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯氧基]乙酰胺的合成

在无水碳酸钾存在下,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,由2-氯乙酰甲胺和4-苯氧基苯酚反应,制备了N-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酰胺。而后,以乙腈和四氯化碳为混合溶剂,磺酰氯和N-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酰胺反应,得到目的产物。着重考察了反应温度、反应时间、物料摩尔比对目的产物收率的影响。从而确定了产物的合成工艺条件为:反应温度40℃,反应时间5 h,n[N-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙酰胺]∶n(磺酰氯)=1∶1.4;在此条件下,产物的收率达80%以上。经IR、MS1、H NMR确定为N-甲基-2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯氧基]乙酰胺。     

4-(N,N-二甲氨基)苯甲酸的合成研究

讨论了 4- (N,N-二甲氨基 )苯甲酸的各种合成方法。认为 4- (N,N-二甲氨基 )苯甲醛在Na Cl O2 -乙腈体系中被氧化成 4- (N,N-二甲氨基 )苯甲酸具有操作简便、成本低 ,适合工业化生产     

Characterization of synthesized poly(aryldisulfide) through interfacial polymerization using phase-transfer catalyst

A new polysulfide polymer was synthesized from 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)-benzene and sodium disulfide by an interfacial polycondensation technique in the presence of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, methyltributyl ammonium chloride and benzyl triethyl ammonium chloride as phase-transfer catalysts (PTC). The effect of PTC on the kinetics of polymerization was investigated. Structures of this aromatic polysulfide were confirmed through elemental analyses, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, an X-ray diffraction technique, and a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy method. The thermal behavior of this polymer was also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The solubility of prepared polymer was critically dependent on the identity of the solvent.